"Love Ben" is a collective referred to for the purpose of classical Confucianism.。Classical Confucianism inherits the traditional "temperament" tradition in early Chinese culture，Full affirmation of the value of human feelings，To a large extent shaped the Chinese "affectionate" world view。Reconstruction of the new Confucianism in the Han Dynasty，Love Book Theory gradually lets the mind of "sex, goodness and evil"，As a result, the follow -up development of Confucianism continues to rigidly rigid。

　　bet365 live casino games

Chinese philosophy first is Chinese character philosophy。The original meaning of "love"，Must understand the Chinese character structure of "love"。"Love" as "Heart" as the side，Add a "green" word。"Heart" is taken in the heart，The ancients believed that "heart" was a human conscious organ，You can produce "mood", "mind" and "mind"，Because "heart" is within the body，Therefore, it is also called "inner heart"。and "Green" is originally composed of "屮" plus the lower half of the "Dan"，"屮" and the ancient word "艸"，Near "Sheng" shape，"Said the text" is interpreted as "the first birth of the grass and trees";，Near "well" shape，Or means a well。"Green" is taken in "Grass Born in the Earth"，The color of the original refers to the first birth of the grass and trees。Therefore，The original meaning of "Love" should be: the first life of the heart。Any Chinese character composed of "green"，Ruqian、Jing、Essence、Eyes、Jing、Qing、Sunny，Most of them have positive、Beautiful meaning，So "Love" probably has bet365 Play online games positive value from the beginning，This can be used as a supplementary certificate for "love and good theory"。"Sex" and "Love" are associated with。"Sex" consisting of "Heart" and "Sheng"，"Sheng" from "屮" from "Earth"，The explanation of "Said" is "Extraordinaria"。"Sex" and "Love" share the same image，This is "Together with Sex"。but but，"Love" is more dynamic than "sex"，Therefore，Expressions have their own focus，"Love" more emphasizes "first out" and "cute movement"，"Sex" emphasizes "true"。Therefore，Zhu Xi repeatedly stated: "If the heart does not move, it is sex，It is love for movement，The so -called ‘mindfulness of temperament’ also。"(" Zhu Ziyu · Volume 5 "

From "temperament" to "heart nature" is a turning point in Confucian philosophy。Dai Zhen pointed out，"恻、Shame、Respect、Right and wrong，Mencius's heart，Unreasonable Love "(" Mencius ")。It is generally considered，Mencius's "Four Hearts" refers to the four natural emotions，It is not wrong to rename "Four Love"，But Mencius "does not know"，It left an interpretation space for "Menghou Confucianism"。More，"Those who do their heart，Knowing its nature also "(" Mencius · Heart ") and so on.、2721_2727，make the location of "love" more vague。The real turning occurred in the Han Dynasty，Confucianism passing the uncle Sun Tong、Transformation of Dong Zhongshu and others，The official ideology of becoming the Han Empire goes by the trend，However, the new Confucian in the Han Dynasty、Ideological Confucianism and the original Dian Confucian、Pure Confucianism is very different。One of the major features of the new Confucianism in the Han Dynasty is "hybrid"，Confucian、method、The yin and yang family are combined together。bet365 live casino games Dong Zhonghuabi's "Yin -Yang" structure，Put forward "sex" with yang and yin、There are good and evil、Beauty and greedy，Bettering the evil of human nature to "love"，So another tradition of Confucianism "Yang Zun Yin and Enemine", "Sexuality and Evil"。The transformation movement of the Han Confucianism can be described as far -reaching on the development of Confucianism，A typical case comes from the Eastern Han Dynasty scientists、Textologist Xu Shen，He defines "sex" as "human yang, good person who is good for human" in "Said"，define "love" as "human yin and desire"。Since then，"Templates Tomitogen" differentiation into "heart nature" and "lust"，"Love" has faded down the beautiful image of "juveniles and trees"，Love good or "beauty" no longer belongs to the core concern of Confucianism。The exit of "Love" took away the Confucian part of the business，Foreilicon lays a foreshadowing for the continuous rigidity of Confucianism。

　　Love is the same

"Ren" is Confucian architecture。Confucius’s benevolence is a model in Confucianism，Lile the traditional tradition of the Confucianism。Confucius thinks，"filial piety" is the foundation of benevolence，"Filial piety also，It is the foundation of benevolence "(" The Analects of Confucius · Learning ")，This means，For the benevolence。Ren's goal is to be able to "love" ("The Analects of Confucius · Yan Yuan")。Lover (Ren Loves others) is different from dear (dear loved ones)，Kiss is the beginning of benevolence，Lover is the success of benevolence，Mencius called it "kissing and benevolent" ("Mencius · Heart")。During the realization of benevolence，"Love" is a main line that runs through it。Dear、Ren、Love，All "love" to varying degrees，filial bet365 Play online games piety、悌、Zhong、Letter，Participate in "Love"。One sentence，"Love" is the basic concept in the Confucian value concept system。From the perspective of Confucianism，Any emotion，All have its "moderate" expression。"Mean" is an abstract principle，"Love" constitutes this principle to achieve its own materials and content。The normative expression of "love" is established in the form of "text" or "vulgar"，is the activity of "making gifts"。"Ritual and Music" is also a unit that Confucianism attaches great importance to，The production of Ritual and Music also comes from "Love"，"Ritual，The Section of the Section of Humanity "(" Book of Rites · Fang Ji ")，Love in the middle，People who are born in the heart also。Love in the middle，So Human Sound "(" Book of Rites · Music ")。

Love is the same，Not only because "love" is the foundation and source of the Confucian knowledge system，More importantly，"Love" is the most fundamental meaning in the Confucian meaning world，According to Li Zehou's "Logical Integrant" lecture，"Love" is "Last Significance"。Love books are not the same as emotionalism or "love"，Instead of "heavy love" on the basis of "reasoning"。Therefore，Confucianism must be understood in the "love -rationality" structure。The structure of "Love -" is undoubtedly a more modern saying，Actually，This structure can be restored as the "benevolent -ritual" structure in the Analects，On the one hand，Confucius speaks "self -denial and reunion is benevolence" ("The Analects of Confucius · Yan Yuan")，Highly evaluate the role of "ritual"; on the other hand，Confucius also said "people but not benevolent，What is the ritual? People instead of benevolence，What is Royal? "(" The Analects of Confucius · Eight ")，Point the fundamental bet365 Play online games status of "benevolence"。So say，Confucianism "Ben"，Not like the "book" of the ontology in Western philosophy or the "book" of Noumenon，but the "book" of Chinese characters，Take like the "fundamental tree"。On this level，Confucianism Theory can be regarded as a consciousness of the consciousness of Chinese philosophy.。

　　Love is learning

The first word of the whole book of "The Analects" is "Learning"，As Qian Mu said，"Confucius is focusing on teaching，Confucius' religion focuses on learning "。Liang Shuming pointed out in "Chinese Culture Essentials"，"Zhou Kong education is not out of knowledge，Emotional as the fundamental "。Therefore，Confucius teaching is emphasized in the learning of emotion，It can also be called "learning of temperament"，To distinguish "learning of mind and nature"。

"The learning of temperament" regards the feelings of human beings as the foundation of life、source of value。The teaching goal of "learning of temperament" is to cultivate the personality of "emphasis on feelings" and "true sex"，Interpersonal relationships to create warmth，Enhance the cohesion of the community with emotions as the bond to enhance the cohesion and heart force，Reject all moral indifference and hypocrisy cunning。The teaching methodology of "learning of temperament" is "push" and "move"，"Push" is to expand out with yourself，"Move" is to think about others as the center，"Push" makes the continuous expansion of the emotional community become possible，"Move" makes the sense of emotional subjects feel possible，"Push" and "Move" unanimously oppose creating conflicts and oppositions in the crowd、Set the diaphragm and barriers between people。

Educational Place of "Study of Temrames"，First is a family，Because of Bet365 app download "love", it is necessary to start from "love"，Family relationships are relatively easy to produce and maintain emotional types，The most important emotional enlightenment mission of parents and elders，is to make a child believe in pure、unconditional love is possible。Then school，The identity of the teacher and classmates in the school is relatively special，Although they are not loved ones in the sense of blood，But like a loved one，The reason why the ancients created the concepts such as "Master" and "Brother"，It is probably to make people believe that "like loved ones" is possible。Last society，Good social atmosphere allows earlier emotional education to continue，Converse，Bad social atmosphere "corrected" the emotional education before teaching。In the perspective of Confucianism,，A good society is not only the order of order，Still a humanistic society，In this society，Payment for others can always gain a return，All true feelings and goodwill are worthy of being cherished and respected。Kongmen Education is particularly "echoed and born" ("The Analects of Confucius · Learning")、"Under the School" ("The Analects of Confucius · Constitution")，Confucianism "learning of temperament" is also concerned about the surpassing dimension of heaven。According to the view of love as goodness and the saying of "Taoism" in "Sexuality"，Mencius "Heart → Sex → Sky" can also present it as "Love → Sex → Sky"，Because "and it is seen in the outside，If it is taken "，"Love" can reach the metaphysical sky，Directly with metaphysics，Different from the metaphysics of the "two worlds" in the West，It shows the unique style of Confucianism and school。

The re -appearance of "Love" is an iconic event in the development process of contemporary Chinese Bet365 lotto review and Western philosophy，Chinese and Western scholars are trying to break the traditional paradigm of "reasonable two points"。Confucian "love" and "learning of temperament" are exactly a response to "love" again。Research on the Confucian "love" and "learning of temperament" research，is the creative conversion of the excellent traditional culture of China、Active attempt for innovative development。

　　(This article is the phased achievement of the "top -notch innovative talent cultivation funding plan" in 2021)

(Author Unit: School of Philosophy of Renmin University of China)