How can Chinese civilization continue
July 14, 2023 11:27 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences" July 14, 2023 Total 2691 Author: Guo Xiaodong

One of the important traits bet365 Play online games of Chinese civilization,It is passed for thousands of years of salary、never cut off。Although the Chinese land has changed to change dynasties,But the Chinese civilization has always continued。This is a unique phenomenon in the history of world civilization。The reason why Chinese civilization can continue,Of course, it can be explained from many factors such as China's unique geographical conditions,But more importantly,,We can find the inherent interpretation of this phenomenon from the Chinese culture tradition,That is, the traditional Chinese culture tradition determines that it can be stretched。

  Bet365 app download

Any kind of civilization with a long history,Its core concepts are inseparable from a solid foundation and philosophy based on the basis and philosophy,Chinese civilization is also the same。At the beginning of the beginning,Chinese civilization already has a very strong heavenly belief。"Shangshu · Kangyu" pointed out: "My western soil is just rushing,Wen Yu God,Dixiu。Tian Nai Life King,殪 Rong Yin,Destiny for birth。"This means that Zhou people have the world,It is the result of God's life reduction。But in the minds of Zhou people,Destiny is not given eternally,The saying of "Destiny" ("The Book of Songs · Wenwen")。From the perspective of the ruler at the beginning of the week,Can you get the care of God,It is completely whether there is "virtue",Losing virtue also means losing destiny,Is there "Emperor Heaven No Dear,Wei De is Auxiliary "(Yi" Book ","Zuo Zhuan" 僖 僖 僖 引 引 引。Whether the king has virtue,can be reflected from the public opinion。"Shang Shu · Kangyu" points out,"Time Feed,Visible people's conditions "。This can be seen,Zhou's destiny belief,In fact, it was established in the interaction between heaven and humanity。

"Spring and Autumn" made a more systematic argument on such a natural relationship。"Spring and Autumn" opening book "The Spring King of the Year of the Year",Eastern Han He Xiu pointed out in "Adnist's Solution",The "Yuan" here is the "vitality" before heaven and earth.,After the "vitality" is divided into Bet365 app download heaven and earth,Only four o'clock,Spring is four o'clock,So "Spring and Autumn" followed the word "spring" after the word "first year"。"Biography of the Race" as "King" is "Wang Wang",He Xiu pointed out,This is the reason for this,Because the word "king" is close to the word "spring"。According to his explanation,King Zhou Wen was the king of the beginning of the week,It is the life of heaven,So the word "king" is written behind the word "spring"。That is to say,"Spring of the year" means where the destiny is,The word "king" means that it is the king of destiny,This destiny king laid the law of law for future generations,So He Hui refers "king" as "the beginning of humanitarian"。The so -called "beginning of humanitarian",We can understand it as the beginning of civilization。After the king was killed,To be taught in the world,Then the king's politics and religion is one by one in "Zhengyue",Therefore, "the first month" is regarded as "the beginning of politics and religion" by the Yang's house。

From the above demonstration,Humanity Books in Tiandao,Whether it is the "king",It is still the "first month" of "the beginning of politics and religion",All must have the legitimacy of heaven。Combining "Humanity" and "Political and Education",It can be said that it constitutes the basic content bet365 Play online games of Chinese civilization,That's for this,"Biography of the Ram" also gives the philosophical basis for Chinese civilization to be quite solid.。Of course,On the other hand,Here is "Tiandao",Not to say that there must be a blind superstition attitude towards "sky"。Dong Zhongshu also thinks,The reason why the king can get destiny,It is also the result of the efforts and acting of the world,It is "the people of the world concentric,If the Parenting Parents "(" Hanshu · Dong Zhongshu Biography ") results。Dong Zhongshu said: "King,The people of the people; the monarch,Those who do not lose their group。Therefore, it can make the people go to it,The group of the world,invincible to the world。"" ("Spring and Autumn Fanlu · Destroy the Country") from this can be seen,The king can rule the world,is the group he can get the world,Therefore, it is returned by the people of all peoples。In this sense,,Tiandao is regarded as the philosophical basis of Chinese civilization,In fact, it is impossible to stand up from humanity。bet365 best casino games Only humane and heaven "phase must have to be adult",We can treat the heavenly belief as the philosophical foundation of Chinese civilization。

It is in the sense of "complexity" in heaven and humanity,The "Unification of Spring and Autumn" gradually became one of the core beliefs of Chinese culture。"Unification" is not a simple political unification,should be regarded as a unification of heaven and man,The essence lies in "the sky" is "king",Its content is foamed in "humanity" and "political and religious",That is Deali and Criminal Administration,This constitutes a political tradition of the enduring Chinese civilization。

  Non -denying the common civilization value of the dynasty

A kind of civilization can endlessly,It means that it does not rise and fall due to the change of the secular regime。In Chinese history,After countless changes to the dynasty,But these did not affect the inheritance and continuation bet365 Play online games of Chinese civilization。One of the very important reasons is,In the process of changing the dynasty,Although the number of Yi surnames is changed,But later victors often admit that the former dynasty's political and cultural legitimacy。

According to the common example of "Spring and Autumn",The first month of the first month is the first month,Write "Wang Zhengyue"; the first month is February,Write "Wang February"; if it is March in the first month,then write "Wang March"; other months will not add the word "king" before the month。From the perspective of ramist,This reflects the deep meaning of Confucius' "Spring and Autumn"。In their opinion,Summer、Business、Wednesday generations have different calendars,If you use the calendar of the Zhou Dynasty as the reference system,Xia Dai's first month is March of Zhou,The first month of the Shang Dynasty is the February of the week。So,"Spring and Autumn" recorded in the scriptures、February and March,It is Zhou、"The first month" of Shang and Xia San generation。"Spring and Autumn" writes the word "king" before February,It means that it is the "Wang Zhengyue" of Yin and Shang Dynasties,The "king" that indicates that Yin and Shang dynasty is also a "king" with destiny legitimacy。"Spring and Autumn" writes the word "king" before March,The reason is the same as this,It shows that the king of the Xia Dynasty is also the "king" of "King Zhengyue"。"Spring bet365 Play online games and Autumn" passes the special writing of "King of Kings" and "Wang March",Indicates to recognize Yin、The regime of the Xia Dynasty and Monday,Also suffered from heaven,Also with the legitimacy of destiny。This,"Spring and Autumn" has both the "Zhengyue" of the three generations,It also has three generations of politics, religion and civilization。"The Biography of the Ram" regards "Wang Zhengyue" as "the unification of the big one",and the "Zhengyue" of the three generations is also existing in "Spring and Autumn",Then it means that the "unification" of the three generations can be connected,So the Yang family calls it "Three Unifications"。

"Spring and Autumn" admits the legitimacy of the destiny of the political destiny in the previous two dynasties in the form of "Three Unifications",So the Yang's family further proposed the saying of the "Second Queen"。From the perspective of the ram's house,Each new dynasty rise,It should be retained after the two dynasties,Seal it to the country,Given the highest jue,Let them still abide by the old tradition and old system of the former dynasty。This indicates that the "unifications" of various dynasties in history are legal,The method of governing the world has the rationality of heaven,It is worth learning from the emerging dynasty,So as a new generation of governance。

This concept is for the history bet365 Play online games of Chinese civilization,It is related to significance。According to this concept,The newly established dynasty can theoretically acknowledge the political legitimacy of the previous generation of dynasties。In fact,Acknowledge the legitimacy of the former dynasty,It also means that the establishment of the new dynasty also has the legitimacy of destiny,。Zhu Yuanzhang in "Astronomy" promulgated in the first month of the first year of Hongwu,It also shows the recognition of the Ming Dynasty's orthodox status。The legitimacy of the Ming Dynasty,Based on the "Today's Fortune End" of the Yuan Dynasty,That is to say,It is the Yuan Dynasty's destiny no longer,Only when the Ming Dynasty responded to heaven。

So,According to the principle of "Three Unifications",The dynasty can change,But the logic behind the change of the dynasty is the manifestation of "the number of heaven",Those who get this destiny are "orthodox"。If the "unification of the big one" is the basic value bet365 Play online games of Chinese civilization from the relationship between heaven and humanity; then,"Three Foundation" theory, from the "first month" of the three generations, acknowledged that the past dynasty also had the legitimacy of heaven,It means recognition of the concept of value in common in the past、Learning、Inheritance and conservative,As a result, the Chinese civilization side can be endless、Inheritance。

  The consciousness of the Chinese nation community makes Chinese civilization continue

In the history of world civilization,The decline of many civilizations has a great relationship with the invasion of the exotic people。Ancient China also experienced alien invasion,Ethical ethnic groups have entered the Central Plains from time to time,But no matter what,Chinese civilization not only has not been devastated,Instead, through the full integration of these cultures,More leafy。It is so,You can find the answer in the traditional Confucianism's "Yi Xia Zhi"。

"Yi Xia Zhi" is an important topic of pre -Qin Confucianism。During the Spring and Autumn Period,Yidi repeatedly invaded Zhuxia,So the pre -Qin Confucianism, Special Yanyi Xia Da defense。"Zuo Zhuan" Chenggong's four years: "Non -my family,Its heart must be different ",So as "non -my ethnic group"。"Spring and Autumn" Lu Chenggong fifteen years,"Winter,Ten months,Uncle Sun Qiaolu will meet the Jin Shi、Qi Gao No blame、Song Huayuan、Father Wei Sun Lin、Zheng Gongzi、邾,Will Wu Yu Zhongli "。"Biography of the Ram" said: "曷?。曷 外 外? "Spring and Autumn" inside the country and the summer,Inner Xia and Foreign Yidi。"Gu Liang Chuan" also said: "Will be,Outside。"" Rights "and" Valley Liang "meaning,"Spring and Autumn" first write the doctor of the grandfather of Lu Guo, the doctor of the princes of the princes,Then write Wu,This is because Wu is considered the country of "Yidi",It is necessary to treat it different from other countries in Zhuxia,This is the so -called "foreign Yidi" attitude,From this we can also see the boundary between Yi Xia。"Spring and Autumn" Qi Gong、Jin Wengong gives a high evaluation,It is because they can rescue China。"The Analects" records micro -control,I wore Zuo Yan ("The Analects of Confucius · Constitutional Question")。From the perspective of Confucius,The credit bet365 live casino games of Guan Zhong and Qi Xiong Gong,When the crisis of Yidi invaded China,Save Chinese civilization,Its power is great。

but,This statement that regards the distinction between Yixia as a modern meaning or ethnic group does not fulfill the meaning of "Spring and Autumn"。Puxi Rui said: "Spring and Autumn" Shi Yidi,Non -Zhenyi Di also。Wu,After Zhongyong; Yue,After Xia Shakang; Chu,After the Wang Wang Shi Xiong; and Jiang Rong is the Si Yuebu,Bai Dixianyu is Ji surname,Non -alien people。"Spring and Autumn" so -called Yixia distinguished,It cannot be simply equivalent to the difference between ethnic minorities and mainstream ethnic groups in the sense of modern ethnic academics。

So,What is the difference between Yi Xia? In the Tang Dynasty scripture, Kong Yingda said in the "Zuo Zhuan": "China has the big etiquette,Therefore, it is called summer;,Poor Hua。"" That is to say,Huaxia is Huaxia,"The Great Etiquette" and "Beauty of Serving the Chapters" shown by the Chinese civilization。There is the same view of the ram's house。"The Biography of the Ram" Hidden Gong seven years,He Hui Note "Not with Yidi's Practice China" pointed out: "Chinese,The country of rituals and righteousness also。Council,Zhiwen also。A gentleman does not give the rude righteous system for rituals。"" He Hui said,"China" is "the country of courtesy and righteousness",then "Yidi", "Polite"。This can be seen,The so -called Yixia Division,Not race and region,and the recognition of civilization。Children's Book also pointed out: "The so -called‘ Huaxia ’ during the Spring and Autumn Period,It is the great meaning of civilization; so -called 'China',is the meaning of the world。"(" History of Spring and Autumn ",Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 2019,p. 122) From this, we can see,"China" is not a concept of simply geography or political science,It is also a concept in the sense of civilization。China is China,Because it is the carrier of this civilization。

From the perspective of "Spring and Autumn "'s home,This means that Yi Xia is not absolute。When Yidi agrees and accepts Zhuxia civilization,Then Yidi can enter Zhuxia。Then Yidi can enter Zhuxia,Rather than "Su Yidi",It is rather to demonstrate that Yidi can organically integrate into China,So as "the continuous integration and final formation of Bet365 lotto review the Chinese nation,Make the most appropriate theoretical description "。In Chinese history,Although there are constant ethnic minority regimes invading China,and even rule China,But these ethnic minorities are also constantly accepting Huaxia Culture。Chinese civilization has continuously absorbed the excellent culture of different nations,In the end, regardless of Yixia,Both into the torrent of the consciousness of the Chinese nation's community。

To sum up,The reason why Chinese civilization can be passed on、赓 Continue,It is determined by its culture。We can see,Chinese civilization is actually consciously shaped as "Chinese civilization"。General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Chinese civilization has outstanding continuity,Fundamentally determines that the Chinese nation must take its own way。If you do not from the historical continuity of the long history, you will know China,It is impossible to understand ancient China,It is also impossible to understand modern China,It is even more impossible to understand future China。”

(The author is a professor at the School of Philosophy of Fudan University)

Editor in charge: Cui Cen
QR code icons 2.jpg
Key recommendation
The latest article
Graphics
bet365 live casino games

Friendship link:

Website filing number: Jinggong.com Anxie 11010502030146 Ministry of Industry and Information Technology:

All rights reserved by China Social Sciences Magazine shall not be reprinted and used without permission

General Editor Email: zzszbj@126.com This website Contact information: 010-85886809 Address: 11-12, Building 1, Building 1, No. 15, Guanghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing: 100026