"bet365 promo codes system，It must be self-reliant。"The book "bet365 promo codes Gains and Losses in Chinese Dynasties" reveals the Chinese national spirit and historical tradition，To Han、Tang、Song、Ming、Government organizations in the Qing and Five Dynasties、Elections and Examinations、Finance and Taxation、bet365 promo codes systems such as national defense and military systems explain their evolution、Find out the whole story、Criticizing gains and losses，From "historical opinion" to "opinion of the times"，Provides reference for the construction of China’s bet365 promo codes system。China’s modern founding，It was Qian Mu who went deep into ancient history、The key ideological thrust of a lifelong search。

　From the bet365 promo codes divine government to the bet365 promo codes historical government

The bet365 promo codes tradition encompasses vast areas，Generally ideal、Three characters and bet365 promo codes system。Qian Mu once pointed out，Ism and system cooperate with each other，Practice without system is a failure，With a system, no doctrine is blind。He thinks，Don’t talk too much about doctrine，And be able to implement the doctrine in a feasible system and have it last for a long time，It is "the supreme achievement in Chinese history"。

Discussing the system in "The bet365 promo codes Gains and Losses of Chinese Dynasties"，The focus is on systems and personnel、The relationship between system and culture。This is actually the traditional thinking of governance theory，Thinking about treating people、Government、The dialectical relationship between the three types of elements of governance，Understanding each other’s roles in an integrated network。If you don’t understand this tradition，You may not see that the essence of "Chinese bet365 promo codes Gains and Losses in the Past Dynasties" is precisely to refute the institutional determinism and regime centrism in modern times，The theory of divine government。

The so-called divine bet365 promo codes system，That is, people believe that institutions are the most critical to modern transformation，Institutional solution is the fundamental solution to bet365 promo codes changes；The best and most optimal system exists in the world，The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages，Maybe there are no pros or cons，Society thus achieves supreme governance；For modern Chinese，The antidote is the bet365 promo codes system imported from the West，Especially a democratic system；Introduction of transplanted democratic bet365 promo codes system，Meaning a clean break with the autocratic tradition，It means that the bet365 promo codes order has a new beginning，This is also the ideal direction of the revolutionary movement。The institutional worship of "Holy Constitution" has forged a variety of transformative ideologies，Take foreign institutions as the only standard for local bet365 promo codes development，Strive to transform the actual personnel of the society in which we live to accommodate the theoretical proposition，Coupled with the utopian imagination in the sense of terminalism。

"Chinese bet365 promo codes Gains and Losses in Past Dynasties" focuses on "bet365 promo codes Legal Principles"，Highlight the essence of traditional Chinese bet365 promo codes science，It can help us understand the reasons why modern China attaches great importance to bet365 promo codes system，Can be called "historical bet365 promo codes theory"。In a nutshell，Emphasis on the personnel nature of the system、Spirituality、Time, place and culture。First，bet365 promo codes subjects related to personnel affairs，Those who are traditionally called “governing people”，Is the basic element of system evolution，To understand the one-generation system，You must first master the personnel of a generation，Otherwise, the understanding of the system will easily fall into written laws。Secondly，System Creation and Development，Not only the external personnel needs at the time，It was given various inner meanings by people of the time，Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the "historical opinions" of the current people on its implementation，We cannot rely solely on the subjective opinions and suspended inferences ("opinions of the times") of people from different generations。Again，Revolving around the particularity of the system，Should realize the times、The close connection of geography。The reason why we emphasize the territorial nature of the system，Because the customs and customs of different places are different，This is the basic condition for understanding the origin and change of the system。final，bet365 promo codes system is part of culture，The latter has formed a unique system and cultural spirit after long-term evolution in a certain geographical environment，Therefore, special emphasis is placed on the cumulative power of the spirit within the group。There is this kind of power behind China’s bet365 promo codes system that needs to be identified and recognized。

　　The bet365 promo codes system theory meaning of historical bet365 promo codes system theory

The theory of governance is a conceptual category of Chinese bet365 promo codes science itself，It talks about bet365 promo codes principles、How to interact and cooperate between the system and the subject to form an excellent order。The theory of governance from Jia Yi in the early Han Dynasty to the "Jingshi Wenbian" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Thousands of years of evolution，From Zhi Dao、To understand the construction of bet365 promo codes order through the composite relationship of the three types of elements of governing law and governing people。Modern Song Dynasty has witnessed its maturity，Developed from Neo-Confucianism and Jingzhi Shigonggong, a thinking model based on character and governance。Chen Liang defended the politics of Han and Tang Dynasties，The main basis is the continuity between the rule of law, that is, the laws and regulations, and the ideals of the three generations。The emphasis on the rule of law in "The Records of Mingyi Waiting" continues this tradition。

Although "The bet365 promo codes Gains and Losses of Chinese Dynasties" is presented as institutional history by modern specialized historiography，What his institutional understanding activates is the tradition of governance。Highlight the personnel nature of the system、Spirituality and time and place，It is to equate the system with the rule of law (ritual law、Habit、Spell)，Zaiyuzhidao (culture、Understand its rationality from the systematic perspective of spirit) and management of people (personnel)。This idea，It has been reflected in several articles on the rule of law in "bet365 promo codes Words on bet365 promo codes Science"。The tension between governing people and governing the law is the central concern of the author in explaining the new theory of the rule of law，The general theory of "gains and losses of the past dynasties" still ends here ("Innovation Law，Yunxincai”)，And repeatedly emphasized the central point of rebuilding "shared respect and mutual trust" in the chaotic Chinese society，Related to the spiritual foundation of modern nation-building (governance)。

The theory of government has its own explanatory power，But the scope should be determined。The activation of bet365 promo codes system theory promotes reflection on Western bet365 promo codes system theory，Reviewed that the single nature of its power logic is insufficient to explain the evolution of the historical bet365 promo codes system。Qian Mu was still greatly constrained by the theory of the rule of law in the 1940s and 1950s，In the 1980s, the idea of ​​"Late Learning Blind Language" took shape，Government by etiquette and rule by law，Explaining Chinese politics based on the spirit of etiquette，Fully reveals the thinking characteristics of the theory of governance (such as the theory of unity of government and people、Position Theory、Liupin theory)。

　Praise and Protest: "Ming Yi Waiting for an Interview"

In the modern interpretation of "Mingyi Waiting Record"，Qian Mu has inherited the Confucian ideal spirit of Lizhou，Develop the modern value of school theory within the constitutional framework，Conservative and plain treatment of its radical tendencies，Facing the bet365 promo codes tradition since Qin and Han Dynasties，This reveals the modern vitality of national thinking in modern times。He based it on "The bet365 promo codes Gains and Losses of Chinese Dynasties"，Several times praised "Records of Visits to the Ming Yi" as better than Rousseau's "On Civil Covenants"，The reason is that it is based on the actual bet365 promo codes system，Empty talk without speculative thoughts。

There are two key points in the praise: one，Highly rated school theory，Focus on the meaning of Taoism over governance，Consider it as the crystallization of modern bet365 promo codes science from the comprehensive perspective of cultural spirit and bet365 promo codes system evolution，It is important to lay the spiritual foundation for the modern constitutional system。Part 2，We have repeatedly expressed the view that governing law in Lizhou is more important than governing people，Highlight the personnel nature of the system、Spirituality and time and place，Equating system with governance、Government、Understand the rationality of treating people from a systematic perspective。

But on the other side，"The bet365 promo codes Gains and Losses of Chinese Dynasties" is a protest against "The Records of Visits to the Ming Yi" in terms of bet365 promo codes history。This layer is hidden in the book。"Mingyi Waiting for Visits" is a key connection point between modern times and modern times，Modern enlightenment regards him as the "Chinese Rousseau"，Elucidating the concepts of democracy and parliament from articles such as "Yuan Jun" and "School"。However，The dominant orientation of "Mingyi Waiting Records" is the Neo-Confucian view of history，The promotion and suppression of the three generations and later generations in "Yuan Jun" and other chapters are in the same vein as Zhu Zi，Tend to reject the bet365 promo codes system after three generations from idealism。Therefore，Qian Mu once criticized Lizhou for "there were laws three generations ago，The original legal theory that it will not be possible after three generations，Belongs to Confucianism，Not consistent with reality。And his explanation of the bet365 promo codes system after Qin and Han Dynasties is precisely to analyze the rationality of its system，Reflect on the Neo-Confucian logic of deconstructing historical bet365 promo codes systems with moral passion。

　　China’s “Old bet365 promo codes and Great Revolution”

A summary of Qian Mu’s life study，Since "Outline of National History"，Continuously pay tribute to the founding situation、State scale、The historical and bet365 promo codes explanation of the founding spirit and founding ideals。One major theme of "Chinese bet365 promo codes Gains and Losses in Past Dynasties"，It is to explore the continuous changes of bet365 promo codes systems in the past，Why China can continue its inheritance。There is no Rome after Rome，China will not perish after the Han and Tang Dynasties，How can a large country that is rich in industry and commerce but focuses on agriculture renew its unity without falling into the state of an empire，Provide human beings with new ideas for modern order，In Qian Mu’s opinion, it is the most important topic to study。

Therefore，He has also been reflecting on modern politics and seeking change，Leave the old path，Revolutionary trend that ignores the starting conditions for bet365 promo codes reform。For this issue of China’s “Old System and Great Revolution”，He agrees with what Liang Qichao said about the lack of real revolution in traditional China，But it may not be a shortcoming in the sense of "China will not perish"。In the era when the spirit of change dominates the modern mind，He constantly reiterated that the way to build a country is to "rely on yourself and not on others"，Be wary of the utopian passion introduced by the theory of government，And think about how to develop power governance in the modern bet365 promo codes order。

Revolution has its limits and transformations，In the end, it should be returned to the people，Back to the earth，Realize its glory in the rebirth of tradition，Nurture its vitality in long-term peace and stability。"bet365 promo codes gains and losses of the past dynasties" are therefore not only the voltage regulator of the Great Revolution、Wanderer，Also contains the undecoded code to reconstruct the bet365 promo codes order。

　【Onsite interaction】

Question: How to study the history of Chinese institutions from the perspective of bet365 promo codes science，Is there any method or path that you can refer to or learn from？

Answer: Put the object or major issue you want to study in history and go back and analyze it，First of all, we must have a basic awareness of history and reality，This makes our starting point the same as history。Secondly, on the methods and paths of studying institutional history，We must also pay attention to methods when reading literature，Learn as much as possible the relevant reading methods of history，But we need to try bet365 promo codes science theoretical methods and indicators when studying problems。

hour bet365 promo codes: March 23, 2021

Speaker: Ren Feng (School of International Relations, Renmin University of bet365 promo codes)

Organized by: Pang Jinyou、Liu Jian (School of Politics and Public Administration, China University of bet365 promo codes Science and Law)