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　　Summary of content:The author of this article proposes an overall specific method，Estimated the strength of the bank's return on the local effect，and use the national measurement indicators to decompose and analyze the debit effect and the loan effect。When the changes in domestic credit issued by domestic banks cannot explain the cause of the cause through debit effects or loan effects，The funds return effect occurred。International Clear Bank data adjusted according to the decomposition，The author discovered that almost all bank systems have evidence of funds returning from funds，Just Canada、The United States and Japan are significant exceptions。In a relatively calm period，The reversal of the bank's local tendency is also very small。The result is a cumulative re -nationalization of bank borrowing。[Translation of Peng Chengyi]

Caroline Van Rijckeghem，Dr. Berkeley, University of California，He has worked at the Ministry of Finance and Research Department of the International Monetary Fund，The main research areas are development economics and financial economics，Especially the currency crisis and infection effect，I have taught emerging market economics at Sabanzhe and Bosptruus University in Türkiye、Macroeconomics and other courses，Bring a number of works on Turkish policy issues，Including a monograph on the financial crisis of Turkey 2000-2001。bet365 live casino games email: caroline.istanbul@gmail.com

Beatrice Weder Di Mauro，Doctor of Barcel University, Switzerland，Professor of Economics at Minz University in Germany，Professor of Economic Policy and International Macroeconomics，The Outstanding Researcher of the Singapore Chinese Business School (Insead) in emerging markets，The theory published is the reform of the euro zone、Debt sustainability、Cross -border Bank Supervision、Financial integration、Global financial architecture, etc.。