Within 10,000 years ago，The ancient culture in western Liaoning has accumulated millions of years of cultural traditions during the Paleolithic Age，Rely on the improvement of fishing and hunting economy and the invention of planting，Realized the transition from the Paleolithic Age to the Neolithic Age，Entered the Xinglongwa Culture period (this article refers to the Xinglongwa Culture，Includes the Chahai site bet with bet365 morning, middle and evening periods)。

Xinglongwa Culture has a broad distribution area，It crosses the West Lamulun River to the north，Including Chifeng City in the southeast of Inner Mongolia and the southwest of Tongliao City，Go south to the northeastern Hebei region at the southern foot of Yanshan Mountain。Because several large-scale sites were discovered in the upper reaches of the Mangniu River, a tributary of the Daling River，So it can be considered，The upper reaches of the Mangniu River is a central area where Xinglongwa culture is distributed，It is also the most representative area of ​​this culture，The Chahai site is even more important because of the giant stone pile in the center of the settlement, the image of a dragon, and the abundant bet with bet365 artifacts unearthed ("Chahai Neolithic Settlement Excavation Report" by the Liaoning Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology，Cultural Relics Press 2012 edition)。Dragon and bet with bet365 through the Chahai ruins，We can have a deeper understanding of the beginning of civilization in western Liaoning。

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The dragon image unearthed from the Chahai site，Including stone dragon and pottery dragon patterns。The Chahai Stone Dragon was unearthed on an exposed reddish-brown granite vein running from southwest to northeast through the middle bet with bet365 site，Placing sculptures on basalt blocks，Full length 19.7 meters，Width 1.8—2.0 meters，The dragon head faces southwest，The dragon’s tail faces northeast，Basically the same direction as the house address。Faucet、The pile of stones on the dragon body is relatively thick，The tail stones are relatively loose。Its shape is huge，Can distinguish the dragon's head、tail，Long Ang’s first entrance，Stooped over and hunched over，The tail bet with bet365 dragon is not clear enough，looming，Overall, it gives people the feeling of a dragon soaring。The dragon’s legs and feet are also faintly visible。

Although the color bet with bet365 dragon body of this large sculptured dragon is similar to the stone veins on the ground where it is located，The image seems not clear enough，But it is definitely a human work。Ceramic dragon patterns are all relief decorations on pottery。Dragon-shaped reliefs decorate the surface of a cylindrical pottery pot made of sandy brown pottery that is common at this site。The relief carving on one bet with bet365 pottery sherds is an inward coiling dragon body，It can be seen that one end bet with bet365 inner disk is a round end；The relief on another pottery sherd is a dragon’s tail，Made into an outer roll shape，The tail end is sharp。They all use the method of embossing nest patterns，To express the scaly patterns on the dragon’s body，Unfortunately, they are all partial images on pottery fragments，Missing dragon head。

The large house site where the end of the plastic dragon in Chahai points to，It is the largest house in the entire site，There is also a bet with bet365 dagger in the room，These are all symbols of the special status of the owner of the house。Under the belly of the dragon body，It is also close to a cemetery and sacrificial pit，The tail is connected to the largest house in the ruins，This further highlights the supreme status of its owner at the time。The mystery it possesses is obviously related to sacrifice，Reflects that Chahai people’s sacrificial worship has reached a relatively high level of development。But at the same time，Because the relief dragon pattern at the Chahai site can also be seen on the pottery in the house，It seems that it is not completely differentiated from daily utensils，This shows that dragons were not completely monopolized by a few people at that time。

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There are two main types of jades unearthed from the Chahai site，One type is similar to the stone tools that are made and used daily，Such as a small adze-shaped device、bet with bet365 chisels and larger bet with bet365 axes, etc.，The grinding is more precise，The shape is also relatively regular；The other type is far from the items that are usually used，Similar to decoration，Can be hung or worn on the body or a certain part of the body，The main types include the combination of bet with bet365 jue and bet with bet365 dagger-shaped objects，There is also something similar to a bet with bet365 tube，Their production is more delicate than the previous type，It is also more difficult to make，is the main representative of Chahai bet with bet365。

Yujue is a flat surface close to a perfect circle，A bet with bet365 object with a rim on the circumference。The specific shape of Jue can be subdivided into two types: one is tubular column，Flat at both ends，There is an elongated gap on the side；The other is cyclic，Polygonal or nearly elliptical cross-section。In the tomb，They were all unearthed in pairs on both sides of the deceased’s head, below the ears，Juekou facing down，It is not stuck on the earlobe as people often imagine。When using Yujue，Should be worn on the ears，Piercing the jue into the ear hole，It can be corroborated with the examples in ethnological materials of very long earlobes and very large ear piercings。Use of Yujue，Maybe the Chahai people believe that the ears play a special and important role in the process of communicating with the gods、Can attract more attention from God，To achieve the best effect of communicating with God。

A bet with bet365 dagger is a long and well-proportioned flat strip of bet with bet365。The head is flat and the end is arc，There is a hole drilled near the head，Concave in the middle part of the body，Gradually thinner toward the periphery，The edges are curved and edged but not sharp，The whole body is polished to be uniform and shiny。Daggers come in different lengths and sizes，The longest one can reach 10 cm in length，The shortest one is only about 5 cm long。Judging from the location of the bet with bet365 dagger-shaped tool unearthed in the tomb，It is worn on people，But the position and number of hangings are not as fixed as those of Yujue，Can be placed separately on the neck、Waist or other parts，The smallest quantity is 1 piece，More than 7 items。

bet with bet365 tube is a kind of tubular bet with bet365。body length，There is an outer drum in the middle of the tube，Make the overall shape of the vessel thin at both ends and thick in the middle，Beveled openings at both ends。Smooth appearance。bet with bet365 tubes are generally small in size，Length is about 2-4 cm。

There are five scenarios for the unearthed locations of Chahai bet with bet365 objects，It comes from the cultural accumulation layer of the site、Inside the address、Bedroom Tomb、Sacrificial pits and surface collection。Yu Jue、Dagger-shaped jades are all found in tomb strata，There are also excavated objects in the house，Other shapes and shapes were unearthed from strata and house sites，Not found in tombs。Explanation that jue and dagger-shaped jades have no definite practical use，Most of them are tombs，Especially the funerary objects in living room burials。This type of tomb has rich grave goods。The owner of the middle room tomb in F7 at Ruchahai site is a child，But 7 bet with bet365 dagger-shaped objects were buried with him；F43’s living room burial，1 pair of bet with bet365 jues unearthed、7 pieces of pottery。The grave goods are obviously richer or special than the tombs in the central tomb area of ​​the site，Reflects the particularity of the identity of the tomb owner in the bedroom tomb，They have greater power and higher social status，And this status and power may be more important from their spiritual ability。

The bet with bet365 articles from the Chahai site are mainly milky white、Light green and yellow wax。Scanning electron microscope and infrared absorption spectrum analysis，Confirmed to be tremolite、Actinolite Nephrite。It shows that Chahai people have an accurate understanding of various hardnesses、The ability of stones of different colors，And endow them with various attributes including divinity。

The cutting marks on Chahai bet with bet365 are very obvious，At that time, we had already mastered the use of bet with bet365 sand、Processing technology of adding water to cut materials for media。Contemplation during the processing and shaping of jadeware、Drilling、Polishing technology is also quite mature。The so-called stone diamond discovered at the Chahai site，Researched by Deng Cong and Guo Dashun，It is a structure designed to be firmly installed in the middle hole of the vehicle pile，Should be the bearing in the wooden windlass machine。Shows the Chahai ruins period，A vertical shaft windlass made of wood and stone has been invented，And it is very advanced and mature in production technology and form，Definitely not the most primitive bearing form，Those exquisite bet with bet365 holes，It should be machined by this kind of windlass。At that time, there should have been significant progress in specialized production and technology in the bet with bet365 handicraft industry。

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We can see，In the middle and late stages of Xinglongwa culture represented by the heyday of the Chahai site，The belief in dragons and the specialization of bet with bet365 happened at the same time，This must be the result of the needs of the times。Research shows，Since the middle and late period of Xinglongwa Culture，This culture had frequent cultural exchanges with the same period south of Yanshan，Its distribution has spread beyond Yanshan。Although the results of archaeological botanical research show that，The ancestors of Xinglongwa Culture have invented the cultivation of millet and millet，But millet and millet do not account for a high proportion in the food structure，The agriculture he engages in is extensive，In the early stages of domestication and cultivation，Collection、Yulao、Hunting is still the mainstay of livelihood methods (Sun Yonggang's "Comparative Study on Prehistoric Subsistence Modes in the Upper Reaches of the Western Liao River and the Central Plains"，"Journal of Liaoning Normal University" 2015 Issue 2)。

Residents living in this business model，Kindness ties are relatively loose，The collective strength of the group is limited，Therefore, in the collision with the cultural group with relatively developed farming in the Central Plains，Shared beliefs are needed to strengthen the bond within the ethnic group。So，Unifying beliefs and creating a system to communicate with God have become what society needs，Er Yujue、Special bet with bet365 objects such as bet with bet365 daggers and dragon worship came into being。

If dragon worship is a more highly developed religious thought based on totem worship，Then the emergence of bet with bet365 artifacts such as bet with bet365 jue and dagger-shaped bet with bet365 artifacts，You also need to have sufficient technical preparation。In the Liaohe River Basin, sporadic bet with bet365 articles have been unearthed as early as the Xiaogushan Site in Haicheng, Liaoning during the Late Paleolithic Age and the Yangjiawa Site in Huludao during the Early Neolithic Age。

among them，The bet with bet365 artifacts unearthed from Xiaogushan include 1 bet with bet365 stone flake and 1 bet with bet365 double-edged pointed object，The former is a piece of stone chipped by hammering from a rough bet with bet365 stone from the Xiuyan River，It is a by-product of making stone tools；The latter is a pointed device made by further processing both sides of the feldspar flakes struck by hammering，The bet with bet365 is gentle and moist，Green，Tremolite bet with bet365。The shape of the above-mentioned bet with bet365 vessels is the same as that of stone vessels，The production method is also the same as the general method of stone tools，At that time, there was no special understanding or special production techniques due to the different treatment of its material and ordinary stone (Huang Weiwen、Fu Renyi "Xiaogushan: Comprehensive Study of Prehistoric Cave Sites in Haicheng, Liaoning"，Science Press 2009 edition)。

The bet with bet365 articles unearthed from the Yangjiawa site include a bet with bet365 ax、1 bet with bet365 ball and 1 bet with bet365 ring。bet with bet365 Ax、How to make bet with bet365 balls、The shape of the vessel is consistent with similar stone vessels。The existence of Yuhuan，It may indicate that there have been some bet with bet365 making techniques that are higher than ordinary stone processing，Such as grinding and polishing technology (Liaoning Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology、Huludao City Cultural Relics Management Office "Brief Report on the Excavation of the Yangjiawa Neolithic Site in Huludao City, Liaoning"，"Museum Research" Issue 2, 2005)。And the long-standing local tradition of making fine stone tools in western Liaoning，Mature stone tool making technology has long been formed，It also created the Chahai people’s superb stone identification、Knowing bet with bet365、bet with bet365 making ability。Checking Hainan materials、beat、sculpt、Accurate application of stone treatment techniques of perforation and grinding，Indicates that its stone tool production has entered a mature stage。Therefore，Produce specialized bet with bet365-making technology on this basis，From a technical point of view，It’s a matter of course。

Relatively loose kinship ties need to be maintained by common beliefs，This makes the Xinglongwa culture represented by the Chahai site have two distinctive characteristics: relatively simple and rough material culture and developed spiritual culture，The latter is manifested in the more highly developed dragon worship and the use of bet with bet365 to communicate with gods and other religious ideas created by totem worship。The social division of labor and the development of religious concepts reflected in bet with bet365 and dragon worship，And its location within the settlement、Correspondence to the hierarchical social structure reflected in tombs，All indicate that the Xinglongwa culture at this time has passed the prosperous period of the development of primitive clan communes，Started the process of civilization in western Liaoning，Qilong Culture、bet with bet365 culture also set a precedent for the Hongshan Civilization thousands of years later。

　　(Author’s unit: School of History, bet with bet365 University)