Entering the 21st century，Marxism in Russia has changed from the embarrassing situation of being ignored and excluded when the Soviet Union just disintegrated，Re-enter the forefront of bet365 bonus bets ideological and theoretical circles。Some scholars are still firmly engaged in Marxist research，Like Meruyev (В. М. Межуев）、Liubujin（К. Н. Любутин）、Buzgarin (А. В. Бузгалин）、Pletnikov (Ю. К. Плетников）、Slavin (Б. Ф. Славин）、Kondrasov (П. Н. Кондрашов）etc.，These scholars gradually realize that，Marxism is not obsolete in Russia。Russia is currently experiencing Western economic sanctions、Under the crisis situation of political isolation and cultural hostility，Liberalism from the West、bet365 bonus bets native conservatism、Social trends such as revived Eurasianism and even new religious consciousness are unable to explain the real difficulties encountered by Russia。So，People turn their attention to Marxism again，Marxism regains theoretical vitality in Russia in the 21st century，Reflecting three theoretical domains。

　In-depth exploration of bet365 bonus bets humanistic theory

Since the 1950s，With the arrival of the Soviet Union's "thawing" period，About human existence、Human value、Issues with humanistic characteristics such as human freedom were included in the theoretical research field of Soviet Marxism。Frolov (И. Т. Фролов)’s new humanistic theory aims to integrate humanitarian ideals with the development of modern science and technology，Enable human freedom and comprehensive development to be realized in a socialist society。Later，Because some Marxists in the Soviet Union advocated the so-called abstract "value priority of all mankind" and believed in "humane democratic socialism"，The exploration of Marxist humanities was interrupted with the disintegration of the Soviet Union。current，Marxism Revival in Russia，Humanological issues have once again returned to the theoretical vision of bet365 bonus bets Marxists。In the philosophical anthropology of Marxism、In the interpretation of existentialism and even personality humanism，bet365 bonus bets Marxists redefined the existence of “human”。They believe that Marxism does not simply reduce people to a kind of essential existence，Thus dissolving people as individuals and personalities into social relationships、Among class relations and economic relations。bet365 bonus bets Marxists on “alienation”、In the discussion of theories such as "the kingdom of necessity" to the "kingdom of freedom" and "the comprehensive development of human freedom"，Highlights the value of human subjectivity，Emphasis on returning to the true Marxist thought。

Current，The most representative viewpoint in bet365 bonus bets Marxist theories，It defines Marxist humanistic thought based on the paradigm of existential philosophy。Kondrashov of the Ural school thinks，The core of Marxist theory lies in paying attention to human existence。bet365 bonus bets Marxists believe，Marxist humanities is not entirely aimed at revealing the living conditions of individuals as individuals，The more important theoretical direction is to criticize the new alienation and new impersonal forms that have emerged in the capitalist world under the dominance of contemporary global capital logic，And look for the possible dimension that enables people to achieve ultimate liberation。

　　Rethinking bet365 bonus bets through reflection and criticism

bet365 bonus bets Marxists deeply reflect on Soviet official Marxism, especially Stalinism，At the same time, the Marxism of past humanism、Revisionist Marxism、New reflection and interpretation of utopian Marxism and other theories。It can be said，While deeply reflecting on and sublating Soviet official Marxism，Contemporary bet365 bonus bets Marxists have opened up new theoretical research dimensions of Marxism。The most representative Marxist school in Russia in the 21st century is undoubtedly the critical Marxist school or the bet365 bonus bets neo-Marxist school，This school of thought is called the typical "Marxism of the post-industrial era"。Represented by Buzgarin，Using the magazine "Choice" (Альтернативы) as an academic position，This school is dedicated to the criticism of Soviet dogmatist Marxism。The bet365 bonus bets critical Marxist school has three critical theoretical dimensions，Criticism of the Soviet system、Criticism of contemporary bet365 bonus bets society、Criticism of Capital Globalization，And based on this, redefine the connotation of socialism。

　The question “What is true socialism?” is still the core question of current bet365 bonus bets Marxists’ thinking。They believed that the Soviet Union failed to truly establish socialism，That is just a variant and alienation of socialism。Buzgarin clearly realizes，“Socialism is the realistic transition from an alienated world to a communist world”。bet365 bonus bets Communist Party leader Zyuganov (Г. А. Зюганов）thinks，Currently Russia needs to construct a "new socialist" theory and implement it in political practice。The new socialist theory is based on the traditional Marxist theory and provides a clear response to the many practical problems currently facing Russia，That means，The new socialist theory needs to incorporate unique thinking about the bet365 bonus bets nation and the bet365 bonus bets path。Also，The deeper connotation of this "new socialism" is expressed as "ecological" socialism with humanitarian essence、“Democratic” socialism，Between absolute totalitarianism and absolute liberalism，With clear value demands and strong anthropological theoretical interests，Downplay ideological demands，Turn towards the pursuit of beauty and harmony in the living space of all mankind。

　　Continuously explore bet365 bonus bets cultural and philosophical thoughts

As early as the Soviet period，bet365 bonus bets Marxists have done some research on cultural issues。In defining the concept of culture、The relationship between culture and civilization、The operating mechanism of culture，And unique research on self-identity as a national culture。current，bet365 bonus bets Marxist researchers believe，People still don’t dig deep enough into Marxist cultural philosophy，Although Russia has systematic cultural research，But there is still confusion between cultural studies and cultural philosophy。They think，There is no clear definition of culture in Marxist thought，At the same time, culture should not be simply reduced to an ideological category。Culture belongs to the category of science，Cultural philosophy belongs to the category of philosophy，Cultural philosophy should be distinguished from cultural studies，Avoid simply transplanting natural science methods into the study of cultural philosophy，Need to re-understand socialism and the “kingdom of freedom” from the perspective of cultural philosophy。

Contemporary bet365 bonus bets Marxist cultural philosopher Meruev analyzed Marx’s view of world history from his own unique perspective、Socioeconomic structure、Social Wealth、Understanding of socialism and communism。Meruyev thinks，Marxists in the new era need to be deeply aware，By continuously compressing the ruling space of capitalism、Continuously breaking the logic of capital、Continuously compressing the space of "economic necessity"，Thus continuously expanding the space of the “Kingdom of Freedom”，Only in this way can "the realization of socialism be maximized"。This space can also be called a ‘cultural space’”。Meruyev regards the assertion that "socialism is cultural space" as another theoretical expression of Marx's "union of free men"。Buzgarin also believes that the "kingdom of freedom" mentioned by Marx is the "world of free time", "the world of active creation" and "the world of culture"，This cultural value transcends utilitarian value，The resulting cultural resources transcend natural resources，Ultimately, through the realization of cultural values, people’s subjective and active status in culture is confirmed，Completely get rid of the slavery and alienation of capital，Thus achieving the goal of transcending the capitalist mode of production。This is the fundamental way out to solve the inherent crisis of the capitalist mode of production and the basic dilemma faced by mankind。

It can be said，Current Marxist Humanities in Russia、New Marxism, new socialism and Marxist cultural philosophy have become hot topics in the study of bet365 bonus bets Marxism in the 21st century，But scholars stay more at the theoretical level，The impact on the real political choices and cultural identity of the bet365 bonus bets state and nation is still limited。What needs to be emphasized more is，bet365 bonus bets Marxism in the 21st century is a theoretical form that cannot be ignored in the current bet365 bonus bets ideological circle，Russia is stuck in the real dilemma of “identity crisis”，The theoretical life and theoretical value of Marxism are demonstrated，This undoubtedly provides more practical theoretical support for Russia’s future path choice。

What also needs to be noted is，The study of bet365 bonus bets Marxism in the 21st century should be brought into the perspective of theoretical criticism，Avoid deviating from the theoretical line of the founder of Marxism。First，Although the three theoretical fields mentioned above in the study of bet365 bonus bets Marxism have certain theoretical characteristics，But it is not unique to bet365 bonus bets Marxism，But it is embedded in the entire contemporary foreign Marxist research direction，This also shows that bet365 bonus bets Marxism in the 21st century has failed to demonstrate the uniqueness of its research。Second，Marxist humanistic theory cannot be simplified、One-sided interpretation as humanitarianism，We cannot simply apply current fashionable Western philosophical theories such as existentialism to misinterpret Marxism，Otherwise it will be very easy to deviate from Marxist thought，There is even a danger of confusing Marxism with popular Western ideologies。Third，Currently，bet365 bonus bets Marxists’ thinking on socialism is still limited to the theoretical level，Russia does not yet have the realistic soil and mass foundation to realize socialism，Theoretical exploration of it is nothing more than a castle in the air。Therefore，The current thinking of bet365 bonus bets Marxists on socialism does not have a realistic dimension，Deeply speaking，They have lost the essential characteristics of Marx that distinguish it from other theories - reality and practicality。

　　(This article is part of the National Social Science Fund’s major project “Research on bet365 bonus bets Marxism in the 21st Century” (20&ZD011）、Phase results of the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities Project “Research on the Historical Dimension of Contemporary bet365 bonus bets Cultural Philosophy” (3072021CF1306)

(Author’s unit: School of Humanities, Harbin Engineering University、Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and bet365 bonus bets)