bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain is the main variety of Chinese ceramics going global，The earliest known bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain was fired in the Tang Dynasty，But failed to become popular，So that later generations mistakenly believed that Yuan bet365 horse racing odds and white was the origin of bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain。Until the excavation of Yangzhou Tangcheng ruins in the 1970s and 1980s，Tang Qinghua was only known to the world，This also triggered various academic discussions surrounding the origin of bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain。

The origin of bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain must meet three process conditions: hard white porcelain、Underglaze painting and cobalt bet365 horse racing odds coloring process。The first two originated independently in China，Only the cobalt bet365 horse racing odds coloring process is influenced by the West Asian process，This adds complexity to the origin of Tang Qinghua。Based on research by Chinese scholars，Tang bet365 horse racing odds and white cobalt material imported from West Asia，The decorative pattern has a West Asian Islamic style，Its discovery locations are mainly famous ports and sea areas passing from China to West Asia，Explanation that Tang Qinghua belongs to the category of export porcelain，And the users in China are mainly Muslims。Visible，The firing of Tang bet365 horse racing odds and white flowers is related to the West Asian market。Discoverable by studying the history of West Asian pottery，Tang Qinghua has been imitated since it was introduced to West Asia，Western cobalt bet365 horse racing odds painted pottery has lasted for hundreds of years，Until the birth of Yuan Qinghua，West Asia became the main market for Yuan bet365 horse racing odds and white flowers。

Why did ancient West Asia have a special liking for Chinese bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain with white ground and bet365 horse racing odds flowers for hundreds of years？Why do they love the ancient Chinese people who love bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain far more than the place where bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain was produced？The author thinks，It is necessary to start from the application history of "cobalt bet365 horse racing odds", the most representative raw material of bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain, in West Asia，Tracing the origin of the "dark bet365 horse racing odds" complex of bet365 horse racing odds and white，Exploring the cultural gene of deep bet365 horse racing odds love among ancient West Asians。

　　Dark bet365 horse racing odds products are very popular

Dark bet365 horse racing odds products in ancient West Asia have a long history of use，The original reason for its origin was to imitate the color of natural bet365 horse racing odds mineral, namely lapis lazuli。The pursuit of lapis lazuli，It is the earliest manifestation of the deep bet365 horse racing odds love of ancient West Asians。Lapis Lazuli，Old Persian called "Lazhuward"，means heaven、Sky or bet365 horse racing odds。Lapis lazuli contains sodium、Calcium、Aluminum and sulfur opaque precious jade，Available in violet、Royal bet365 horse racing odds、Light bet365 horse racing odds、Turquoise，The flawless pure sapphire bet365 horse racing odds was most loved by ancient Westerners。Lapis lazuli is rare in origin，Basically all came from Afghanistan in ancient times，Among them, the lapis lazuli produced in Badakhshan is the most famous，At least 6,000 years of mining history。

Early Kingdom Period，The two river basins became the center of the lapis lazuli trade，Lapis Lazuli and Agate、Gold is ranked among the three luxury goods，Frequently appears in royal tombs。The Sumerian clay tablets made the earliest written record bet365 horse racing odds，In Sumerian mythology，Lapis lazuli is favored by the gods。Due to the extremely high status and huge demand bet365 horse racing odds among the nobility，The northern and southern Mesopotamian regimes compete for the monopoly on the lapis lazuli trade，And experienced a long-term political and diplomatic struggle。Archaeological data also shows that，The history bet365 horse racing odds crafts runs through the politics of Mesopotamia、Diplomacy and Trade History。

The single origin of lapis lazuli raw materials makes it unable to meet social needs，Lapis lazuli-like artifacts came into being。4500 BC，Ancient Westerners began to use copper minerals as colorants，Create bet365 horse racing odds-glazed soapstone ornaments that imitate lapis lazuli。But copper minerals are easily oxidized in the air，The color is unstable。Cobalt has better color than copper，And there are rich cobalt deposits in West Asia，Cobalt is cheap and easy to obtain。2250 BC，Cobalt is used to color glass，To produce sparkling dark bet365 horse racing odds glass products。The birth of lapis lazuli-like bet365 horse racing odds glass，Making the deep bet365 horse racing odds love of ancient West Asians widely spread。

To 7th century BC，The use of cobalt bet365 horse racing odds colorant spreads，Many large public buildings use bet365 horse racing odds glazed tiles on a large scale、bet365 horse racing odds mosaic，Like Istar City Gate、Marduk Parade Street、Great Wall of Media，etc.。Afterwards，Ethnic groups that rule the West Asian region have followed this tradition，After the birth of Islam，Dark bet365 horse racing odds Love has a deeper cultural soil。9th century AD，China is in the prosperous age of the Tang Dynasty，Cobalt materials imported from West Asia were used by craftsmen in the Tang Dynasty to make Tang bet365 horse racing odds and white flowers。The reasons for the creation of Tang Qinghua，No one knows today，But since the 9th century, West Asian bet365 horse racing odds wares have imitated bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain and all attempts at technological innovation，It is not difficult to see that bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain embodies the deep bet365 horse racing odds feelings of West Asians。9th-13th century，bet365 horse racing odds-colored pottery in West Asia has undergone continuous development，bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain is ready to be released。

Although after thousands of years of dynasty changes and alien invasions，But the cultural connotation of the dark bet365 horse racing odds color concept in ancient West Asia、Aesthetic taste has been inherited，From the bet365 horse racing odds of lapis lazuli in ancient civilization to the bet365 horse racing odds of bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain，The deep bet365 horse racing odds complex comes from the same origin。This brings us to a new question: Why did ancient West Asian civilizations love dark bet365 horse racing odds？

　　Analysis of the causes of dark bet365 horse racing odds color

The alluvial plain formed by the Euphrates and Tigris rivers—Mesopotamia is the birthplace of Western Asian civilization，The world’s earliest agriculture was produced here。The two rivers are the mother rivers of bet365 horse racing odds Asian civilization，Another source of natural disasters in Mesopotamia。The climate in this area is dry and rainless，Agricultural production is completely dependent on river water irrigation from the two rivers，But the water in the two rivers rises and falls irregularly，Irrigation technology was developed even in 5000 BC，It was still difficult for ancient Westerners to effectively control floods，Not only are there no rules to follow during the farming season，Also often suffers from floods。

Therefore，The ancient West Asians had to observe the sky to predict the rise and fall of the river，Celestial changes are linked to production，This gave rise to the worship of the sky。Dark bet365 horse racing odds color of lapis lazuli，Profound、Pure、solemn，With the meaning of eternity，Become a symbol of skylight，Highly revered in the early mythology of Mesopotamia。Later Persians continued to carry forward the traditions of early civilizations in the Mesopotamia region，Regard the light of heaven as the embodiment of divinity and justice。This is one of the cultural foundations of ancient West Asians’ love for dark bet365 horse racing odds。

bet365 horse racing odds Asia is located in southwest Asia，With Europe、Bordering Africa，Six sides by the sea，The East and bet365 horse racing odds can be communicated by land or water、North and South，Known as the “Crossroads of the Ancient World”，Has an important strategic position，It has always been a battleground for the surrounding ethnic groups。In addition, bet365 horse racing odds Asian civilization was born earlier，The area from Mesopotamia to the Iranian Plateau was once the richest region except China in East Asia，Frequently suffered from barbarian plunder。Due to the lack of natural barriers，Foreign enemy invasions often come in a long way，Making people living here very insecure，The impact this had on ancient bet365 horse racing odds Asian civilizations, especially on the outlook on life of the ancestors of bet365 horse racing odds Asia、The influence of cosmology is crucial。

As Hegel said: "The natural connection that helps create the national spirit，It is the basis of geography。”The special geographical location brings unpredictability and pessimism to the lives of local residents in West Asia。They think，Since the stars in the sky can predict the rise and fall of river water and changes in farming seasons，Then it should also predict good or bad luck。Therefore，The ancient West Asians began to speculate on the misfortunes and blessings of the world by observing the movements of celestial bodies.，Seeking spiritual comfort through divination。The sky and good and bad luck、Tomorrow’s fate is closely linked，It is the mysterious power that provides answers and points the way to all the worries and anguish in this world。So，Deep bet365 horse racing odds representing the sky，The sacred and lofty status in the hearts of ancient West Asians is naturally self-evident。

　　The origin of cultural psychology

The dark bet365 horse racing odds color concept of ancient China is completely different from that of ancient West Asia。The systematic thought of Yin Yang and Five Elements was produced in the pre-Qin period，And under the influence of this philosophical thought, the five-color system was established，i.e. "white、青、Black、Red、黄”，corresponds to the five elements "gold、Wood、Water、Fire、earth" and the five directions "west、East、North、South、中”，Five colors、The five parties strictly follow the operating rules of Yin and Yang and the Five Elements。This entire system is applied to production、In the process of life，Plays the role of maintaining social order and maintaining psychological balance。The ancient Chinese people’s view of color initially did not differentiate between bet365 horse racing odds and bet365 horse racing odds，And use "青" to define "bet365 horse racing odds"，Therefore，The "green" among the five colors can be understood as "bet365 horse racing odds"。“青” corresponds to “wood” and “东”，People believe that bet365 horse racing odds symbolizes the revival of vegetation and growth in spring，Symbolizes the bet365 horse racing odds sky rising from the east，That is, the night is the first to fade from the east。

The ancient Chinese also had a kind of reverence for heaven，But what is different from the ancient bet365 horse racing odds Asians，Chinese people respect heaven but keep a calm and restrained distance from it。The monarch is called the proud son of heaven，Inheriting God’s will，Government of all people，Become a bridge between heaven and people。All people follow the social ethical order led by the Yin Yang and Five Elements theory、Moral principles，Survive according to God’s will，Do not overstep the position of Heaven and the Lord，Only in self-spiritual clarifying，Pursue the realm of "unity between man and nature"。

The bet365 horse racing odds Chinese used colors to determine orientation and the spiritual pursuit of "the unity of nature and man"，Find out the reason，With vast geography、Related to long-term stable farming civilization。First，China’s inland territory is vast，Heaven and earth seem so “big”，And people are so "small"，In the vast world，People need to determine the direction to feel safe。Therefore，The bet365 horse racing odds Chinese began to explore “I” and “the world” and the relationship between them very early，For example, Confucius’s “self-denial and restoration of rituals” and Zhuangzi’s “mind fasting” and “sitting and forgetfulness”，It’s all about exploring the position and way out of “me”。

Secondly，China has the Hengduan Mountains from west to north、Himalayas、Tianshan Mountains、Daxingan Mountains and other areas serve as natural barriers，Eastern、There is no threat from strong enemies in the southern seas，Although there have been many wars and natural disasters in history，But the vast territory, rich resources and long-term unified political structure，Provides an objective material basis for its sustainable development。This also led to the emergence of the cultural psychology of "taking a step back to broaden the horizons"，Besieged on all sides by ancient West Asia、It’s completely different if there is no way to retreat。Therefore，The ancient Chinese believed in their own position in the universe and their position in society，Have more sense of security and calmness than ancient West Asians，The love for deep space bet365 horse racing odds is also more rational。

In comparison，The ancient West Asians loved the sky and deep bet365 horse racing odds passionately、Persistent and urgent，This is not only reflected in the spiritual level，It is more reflected in the pursuit of reality。Except agricultural production and divination，The ancient West Asians also built many high-rise buildings，A pagoda temple with a religious nature，There is also a high-level residence for the enjoyment of secular society。For example, the Tower of Babel as the prototype of the Tower of Babel in "Genesis"，The purpose of its construction is to allow people in this world to go to heaven and communicate directly with God，The temple is located at the spire closest to the sky，That is where people’s pursuit and belief lies。The "hanging gardens" known as the seven wonders of the ancient world were built for secular life，The king and princess can live on the top floor。Visible，In the hearts of ancient West Asians，The closer the place is to the sky, the more noble and sacred it is，The more ideal and safe place in this world。For ancient Westerners，The meaning of deep bet365 horse racing odds is as explained by the word "Lazhuward / Lazaward" of lapis lazuli: sky、Heaven，It is a sacred color，Represents communication with God，Represents the arrival of light，An ideal country that represents stability and happiness。

In summary，The deep bet365 horse racing odds love of ancient West Asians is not water without a source or a tree without roots，It is closely related to the natural geographical environment of this land，After thousands of years of historical accumulation，Form a unique cultural psychology。Although experiencing multi-ethnic rule and dynasty changes，But this cultural psychology passes through customs、Handcraft、Myth、Poetry、Religious beliefs、The architecture and daily life habits are passed down。This is also one of the fundamental reasons why the market demands of Tang Qinghua in China and in West Asia are very different。The love for bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain comes not only from the beauty and preciousness of Chinese porcelain，What’s more important is that it is rooted in the ancient West Asian tradition of loving dark bet365 horse racing odds，The deep bet365 horse racing odds complex is consistent in the history of ancient West Asia。

Why were the first Tang bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain and the first Yuan bet365 horse racing odds and white porcelain fired in history，For whom it is burned，No longer available for examination，But one thing is for sure，Tang Qinghua and Yuan Qinghua are both historical witnesses of the exchange and spread of Chinese and Western civilizations。The origin of bet365 horse racing odds and white brings us an important revelation: the integration and mutual learning of civilizations are based on two-way relationships、Based on equality and mutual respect，Only those who truly have the cultural awareness and self-confidence to accurately understand the advanced culture of their own nation，Accurately recognize the advantages and disadvantages of other cultures，Respect each other and learn from each other’s strengths，Only in order to be neither blindly arrogant nor arrogant、Standing back on one's laurels，Don’t belittle yourself。In today’s world of globalization，We must have "stones from other mountains"，The cultural tolerance and mind that can attack jade。

　　(Author’s unit: School of Design and Art, Jingdezhen Ceramics University)