In the development process of modern countries，System construction is often regarded as a direct representation of social progress，Social development also depends on the effective shape of the system。Study of institutional history is always an important content in the field of academic research。Li Fei's new "Market、Concept and State: The Formation of the Protection System of Modern Chinese Cultural Relics (1840-1934) "(Science Press 2021)，The system discusses the transformation of China from traditional dynasties to modern countries，How does the cultural relics protection system that occurs and establish a national governance system of the national governance system。The whole book passes the file、Newspapers、Collection、Diary、Manuscript、Chronicles、Conference records and other types of information combing and survey，Gradually spread through different historical periods，Clearly outlines the development context and characteristics of the concept and system of modern Chinese cultural relics。

Our research on the protection system of modern cultural relics，Discussion from the perspective of linear "development" from the institutional self -evolution，Focus on the interpretation of the institutional text and the flow of institutional operation objects "things"，But why is the system formulated、Implementation and the perspective of "people" behind often pays insufficient attention。This book not only pays attention to the system as a "result"，At the same time, pay more attention。Such a research strategy also means that social facts are regarded as dynamic、flow，instead of static。Only inspect in the dynamic historical bet365 live casino games process，Complex associations between different factors inside things，What changes that may happen in different situations，and some important features of things itself，It is possible to gradually show it。

Behind the system is conceptual behavior，Behind the concept，Stand different social groups or individuals again。It is in human historical activities and interrelationships，The regulations and systems seem to be alive。The author thinks，"History has a long history of operating a mature cultural relic market、Cultural relics with complicated connotations and concepts of cultural relics and cultural relics、Emerging national national cultural relics protection functions and emphasis on the source of reliable source、Modern discipline with sufficient buried information，Conflict and adjustment in the process of modern transformation。Government at all levels、Expert group、folk collector、Antique merchants and even foreign forces rely on their own knowledge concepts，Game for different purposes，Therefore, the formation and operation of the cultural relics protection system "。The whole book seems to be a direct narrative according to the times，But read it carefully，The expansion of each chapter is like a wonderful drama transfer，"Personality" in each character is clear，Various forces gradually "Pink ink appear"。Where，The author has three kinds of power impressive。

The first force is the cultural relic market。The book will take the international integration of the traditional Chinese cultural relic market in the late Qing Dynasty as the logical starting point of the creation of the cultural relics protection system。The transformation of the history of cultural relics and the concept of antiques、The rise of cultural relics protection consciousness is two historical clues that intertwine each other。The cultural relics protection bet365 live casino games system in the modern sense is exactly the development of the two between the two。The author's explanation of the author's cocoon also reveals the more diverse and diverse historical context and main behavior behind the "market power"。When we discuss the history of early cultural relics protection and the history of the museum，Often easily falling into the moral critical thinking of imperialist aggression and looting，The relevant content of the book is also a supplement to the previous research perspective。

The second force is the intellectual group of scholars。Goldstone scholar from the late Qing Dynasty、The National Academic Gate of Peking University in the 1920s and 1930s、Central Research Institute，From the examination of the history and the appreciation of the Jinghuan，To art、Crafts and other concepts，and until modern historical concept and archeological situations，Different characters and concepts of intellectuals in different historical periods give each new value and meaning of antiquities，and affect each other。This research clearly indicates the role of the expert group in the formation of the national system。The knowledge system and value orientation of the expert group are accepted by the public and the government，This also reflects the generation mechanism of an industry discourse。

The third force is government agency。The author revealed that the function of the preservation of antiquities from the beginning of the Republic of China, that is, there are dual management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Education，And this dual -line governance system has continued to the period of the Nanjing National Government。A large number of government texts cited by the author，It seems boring and cumbersome，In fact, hidden mystery。"Country" is not abstracted to exist as a unified power of power in a specific Bet365 app download space boundary，There is also power between different departments and agents、Division of interests and value。If you do not explore the characteristics behind the institution and the main factors behind the system，So the research on institutional text can easily become a technical discussion of pure poetic poetry，Do not have the significance of political science。

The book vividly shows the social relationship represented by the above three groups through the informative historical materials、Interaction of intellectual and practice，shows the "tension" between various relationships and institutions.。This trivial historical material combing is not fragmented，but step by step，presents historical overall value。

First，This overall manifestation is to focus on relative long periods、Cumulative knowledge history discussion。This may be the inevitable brought by the process writing，Under the context of the era of local knowledge and out -of -domain concepts，The concept of cultural relics protection cannot be born out of thin air，Instead from the beginning, facing the "Chineseization" process。

Next，This integrity is also manifested as the overall view of the basic trend of China's modern history.。The author puts forward in the conclusion，The concept of antiques reflects "the nationalism of modern China is from diplomatic、Economy to culture again、The Trend of Academic Disclosure "，Let us re -reflect on the practical logic of the "impact and response" paradigm。modern China from politics to society、Life to mentality、Thinking of academics，Various factors and clues form a multi -level interweaving and entanglement，But the "multi -voice" expressed in history also bred "harmony": the value and significance of antiquities to the country are increasingly present，Perform the cause of antiques with the power bet365 best casino games of the country，Gradually becoming the consensus of scholars and government officials，and implemented on the carrier of social public institutions and laws and regulations such as museum libraries，It reflects the general trend of historical development。

Last，The formation process of this physical system，It can also be regarded as the structured process of related knowledge and the generation process of social operation mechanism。From the combing of the system to the insight of the mechanism，The mechanism that helps to grasp the changes in the social situation behind the construction of the specific system，more in -depth understanding of the structural context of the development of my country's cultural relics protection system。This is to understand the modern Chinese country and society、The interpretation relationship of knowledge and power also provides a clear footnote。

When we will focus on the process of generating the cultural relics protection system，It will inevitably involve social history、Related content of the history of thought，This requires a larger range of historical materials to climb and handle historical materials "fire" and "partial"，Construction of "bridge" because of the macroeither veins and relatively diffused micro historical facts，It will inevitably face the risk of subjective speculation。In this regard，Focus on "Naturally presenting historical events in the process of combing historical materials"，It is the clear writing feature of the book。On the basis of fine research，The author's assertion of related historical facts is extremely cautious，but it is also determined。A large amount of historical materials in the book and historical analysis，Amended many predecessors' unity simplification cognition and the excessive interpretation of "present Bet365 lotto review ancient ancient"，For example，The formulation of the "Ancient Reservation Law" is not based on the game of the country and the local area。This detail is very valuable，Because this not only helps to clarify historical facts，At the same time, it is also related to the overall framework and the direction of the relevant historical transformation。

Writing in the history of the Museum of Cultural Relics in the traditional sense，Compared to the practical research under the influence of the new museum learning movement and the influence of the British and American museums，Almost becoming an forgotten "chicken rib"。The reason is complicated，But the research paradigm and methodology of the Museum of Cultural Relics need to be updated urgently，It is undoubtedly one of the important reasons。If the discussion of "History" only focuses on the history of the evolution and development of institutions and institutions，The "common sense" today is anchored to the starting point，So the status quo of "thick, modern and ancient" is inevitable;，Then the discussion of the history of the Museum of Cultural Relics is extremely sociological and realistic value。The narrative of "Process -Incident" and the narrative of "Structure -System"，Not a two -point but nested relationship。From this book，We can not only see the concept and practice of cultural relics protection and practice in the vertical development context and characteristics of the longitudinal period，At the same time, you can also see the main relationship and thinking structure that has been deeply affected from the cross section of history，For example, market、Disciplinary power、Interaction of the administrative system，Overlapping combinations of local traditions and Western disciplines，Multi -layer and differentiation of public characteristics of the Museum of Cultural Relics。

From the transformation bet365 live casino games of more than 100 years of ideological culture and social mechanism，We can always find the common point of related issues related to today's era。Nutty Never Knowing New，Today, the rapid development of Wenbo's cause，This kind of kung fu that looks back when you look back, you really need to do more。

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