early 2020，The epidemic of the new crown pneumonia is after the large -scale outbreak of Egypt，Archaeological work is seriously impacted。In the first half of，Archaeological sites across Egypt were closed for a time，Many archeological excavations are forced to be suspended，Research teams from various countries engaged in archeological excavation and research in Egypt have been evacuated.。Egyptian archeology is facing unprecedented stagnation。Face the challenge，The Ministry of Cultural Relics of the Egyptian Cultural Relics promulgated a series of new measures for epidemic prevention management，It aims to restore the field excavation work in an orderly manner。New regulations strictly control the upper limit of the number of excavations，The number of jobs in archeological sites in the open -air environment must not exceed 30 people，Closed space like tombs、There must be no more than 4 people in the shaft。

Although the small -scale excavation is allowed，But limited by global transportation，Many foreign research teams cannot return to Egypt。In more than two years in the following two years，Except for individual foreign archaeological research institutions in Egypt, they can restore a small amount of work，Most of the archeological excavation projects carried out in Egypt are independently undertaked by their own archaeological workers。According to statistics，In the official announcement of new archeological discoveries in 2020-2022,，Three -quarters belong to the Egyptian archeological team，Among them, there are many important and influential archeological discoveries。Egyptian archeology is while the international team "vacuum" is briefly appeared，Unintentionally opened a window for us to observe Egypt's domestic archeological strength。

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Kom El-Khelgan, located in the eastern Delta, is an important prehistoric bet365 best casino games cemetery in Egypt。Tomb with different cultural characteristics gathers here，Among them, there is both the lower Egyptian culture (also known as "Buto -Ma Adi Culture")，There are also Nirgada Culture III from Egypt。Egyptian archeologists cleaned more than 100 prehistoric tombs in the excavation work in the past three years，Most of them belong to the lower Egyptian culture，Between 3900 BC and 3500 BC，There are several tombs that belong to the third phase of Negada Culture，About 3200 BC。Clay Coffin unearthed from the site is the first discovery of the eastern part of the Delta，Timinal dates back to the third phase of Nigida Culture。Previously, there were about 200 seats known to be known to the tomb，This discovery has further enriched the information of prehistoric tombs in the region，Add new archaeological materials for the integration of Negarta culture and lower Egyptian culture in the Delta region。

The Ariedos site occupies an important position in the early stages of the ancient Egyptian dynasty，is one of the core sites related to the origin of the ancient Egyptian civilization origin。In the latest excavation work，Archaeological workers in the northern region of A Beddos (now Soohage) found a large -scale royal beer brewing workshop area for the first time，Age is about 3000 BC, the first dynasty Pharaoh Narmai Ruling period。The workshop area is retained with 8 and half underground facilities，All are large brewing units，Each width of 2.5 meters，The length is at least 25 meters。The latest excavation work indicates，Among them, the length of 2 units has reached 35 meters。If the size of the 8 brewing units is equivalent，Each brewing unit can be equipped with about 80 large -scale spike pots (about 65-70 cm in diameter，70 cm high)。Ceramics can be buried in two columns and buried in the soil，It is supported by the dried mud bars around。It is speculated，If all brewing units are enabled at the same time，Single beer output can exceed 50,000 liters。

The output and scale of the workshop area cannot help remind people of several nearby、The funeral building relic of the Bet365 app download Pharaoh of the two dynasties，Including large mud brick fences and a large amount of empty wine cans placed outside the wall。Discovers think，Beer produced in the workshop area may be used for funeral suppliers for the first -generation Pharaoh，It may also be a necessity for the foundation ceremony of funeral building。This royal brewing workshop during the Narmai period not only updated our cognition of beer production in the early Egyptian dynasty，It also provides a unique archaeological evidence for studying the king and religious beliefs of the early Egyptian dynasty。

　Poor mountains from the sea: New evidence developed by the border in the middle of the Kingdom

In the past three years，Not many archeological discoveries in the ancient kingdom period led by the Egyptian archeological team are not much，Mernre Pyramid only found 5 ancient kingdoms and first intermediate periods in the northeast side of the MERENRE PYRAMID in the Sakara Cemetery。Exquisite painted murals show that the identity of the tomb owner is high -level officials and clergy。Comparison of comparison，Archaeological Discovery during the Kingdom of the Kingdom。

An Egyptian archeological team found a sandstone building that was found in the Wadi Al-NASB site in the southwest of Sinai Peninsula.。This building is likely to be an administrative agency specially established in the Central Kingdom to manage the execution of mining task personnel。The main mineral resources of the Sinai Peninsula are copper and turquoise。The site is more than 600 kilometers away from the capital of the capital，It is the largest smelting site on the Sinai Peninsula in ancient Egypt，It is also one of the most important copper smelting sites in the East China Sea。Architecture relics are at the highest point in the central area，A total of 225 square meters，Including two bedrooms and two halls，and stairs leading to the roof。This building has been repaired several times after the Central Kingdom period，Always in Rome，Finally used as a copper -refining workshop。This new archaeological discovery not only adds new archeological evidence to the expansion of the Bet365 app download resource mining of the Kingdom of the Kingdom，At the same time as the first excavation result brought by the Egyptian team in the history of the region，Its academic history is profound。

　Golden Age: New clues of Eyna in the New Kingdom period

2020，When an Egyptian archeological team was looking for Tutan Cammun funeral temple on the west coast of Luxo，An accident found a well -preserved new kingdom period in the mud brick residence。The site was built in the eighteenth dynasty Amonhotp III，About 3400 years to this，Known as "Lost Golden City" by archaeologists in Egyptian archeologists，It means the most prosperous in ancient Egypt、The most prosperous golden age city site。The site is divided into north and south areas。The mud brick building in the North District is better preserved，The entire area is surrounded by snake -shaped mud brick walls，The highest point of the wall is close to 3 meters。It can be initially divided into workers' residences inside the North District、Management personnel's residence and hand workshop area，There is a road connected in the middle。Although the entire area of ​​the site has not been proven，But it was most likely the largest administrative and production and living area on the west coast of Luxo at that time。

The preservation of daily necessities in many rooms is still intact，such as pottery and oven。Archaeologists found the name of the Egyptian name on the sealing mud of one of the wine tanks- "Dazzling ATEN"。In the workshop area，Archaeologists found a lot of gem jewelry、Faculty of Feronos material，and textile tools，Prove that there are jewelry workshops and textile workshops in the site。In a storage room，Archaeologists found a pot of jar full of meat，Two -line monks written in ink pen on the text: "((Amon Hodap III) ruled 37th year，Berbish prepared for the third Said Festival; the slaughterhouse from the royal secretary Kha (KHA)，Made of Iwy (iWy)。”

New discoveries related to religious beliefs have no specific conclusion at present。For example，In a closed space surrounded by a mud brick wall，Archaeologists found two intact bull bet365 Play online games skeletons，A human bone is buried in the room next door。Is this related to the worship of the Holy Cow，and the relationship between human bones and beef bones，Still need to be studied。In another room，Archaeologists found a fish mummy，Its length reaches 75 cm，The surface is covered with a layer of gold foil。There are two well -preserved fish hooks and a fish -shaped small stone monument.。Discovers say，This is likely to be the supplier of the time。Various discoveries made us see the details of the living details of the residents of the imperial cities in the ancient Egyptian strongest period。

Amon Handip IV shortly after the successor，Rename Eric，Initiating religious reform，Then move the capital to Amarner。In the accompanying staff，Maybe the residents of the "shining Ayun" city。Because archeologists discovered that some rooms and workshops in the North District were blocked by mud bricks，This seems to indicate that handicrafts and residents who were sent to Xindu City hope to protect the original facilities in the house，I look forward to using it one day after returning from Alna to。The relationship between the abolition of the city and the Eyana's relocation capital is closely，It has to be answered in the next excavation and research。

　Thick burial relics: New discoveries of the late Egyptian wooden coffin and bronze statue cellar

In recent years，Late Egyptian tombs and funerals in the Delta region、The Gorifa site in the Ming Asia Province and the places such as Abcele are discovered，But the important discovery is still from the Sakara area。A few years when an Egyptian archeological team worked in the Bubastian Cemeter，It has been discovered in batches to paint human -shaped wooden coffin，There are as many as 250 sets。These wooden coffins are the 26th dynasty period，About 2500 years to this day，When it was discovered, it was well preserved in a well -well tomb located at 10-12 meters underground。The tomb is basically not stolen，The color of the wooden coffin is bright in color，Sealing as before。Also burial with the tomb owner also has a large number of living items and funeral supplies，Including bet365 Play online games all kinds of wooden boxes、dressing products、All kinds of jewelry，and 40 Pandascar's painted wooden tires in Putaccal, which is worshiped by the local area。

The team also found a bronze statue cellar，150 copper statues unearthed，It is mainly the idol of ancient Egypt，Ru Baster、Anbis、Osiris、Ises、Naifilltum、Hatolo statue, etc.。One of the bronze statues of Naifirtum that has been preserved intact，35 cm high，The name of the priest Badi-Amun is engraved at the bottom。Except the idol，In the cellar, there are magical weapons that are used in religious rituals，Ruling Bell。According to preliminary research，The identity of the tomb owner is all senior officials or priests during the 26th dynasty period。The inside of the wooden coffin will be studied by CT scan，The extracted mummy information，and the specific information of other funerals in the coffin，If it contains paper grasses literature，It will help us further understand and restore the relationship between the deceased who buried in the same place。

During this relatively difficult period，Egyptian archaeological workers have never slacken，The achievements obtained can be remarkable。Archaeological work in this period has the following characteristics: First of all，The work team is mainly concentrated in the two major archeological core areas of Egypt，that is, the bottom of the upper Egypt and the Sakara area of ​​the lower Egypt。In other areas (such as the Delta、Central Egypt) The number of archaeological teams work is far lower than normal years。Next，Site types are mainly tombs。The newly discovered tomb era span from the previous dynasty to Greece and Rome，Among them, the number of tombs in the new kingdom and the late Egyptian tombs is the most。The richness and exquisiteness of the funeral items are the most in recent years。Last，Most archaeological projects are independently undertaked by their domestic archeologists。Egyptian archeological forces develop steadily，But this situation will gradually return to normal with the improvement of the international epidemic Bet365 lotto review and traffic conditions: according to official statistics，Before the epidemic, the field excavation project carried out throughout 2019 reached more than 250 items，Among them, only more than 80 items that Egypt ’s country independent。Due to historical reasons，High internationalization is always one of the significant features of Egyptian archeology。Coupled with the weight of the media during publicity，As a result, many people have questions about whether the Egyptian country has archeological forces。A series of important latest archaeological results revealed by archaeological workers in Egypt，It is undoubtedly the best answer to the above questions。

(Author Unit: Institute of Archeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)