Since 2010，The Central Editorial Office and the 6 ministries and commissions in 13 provinces launched the pilot of reform of the administrative system of developed economic towns in 13 provinces，This reform has continued to carry out for more than ten years。The key areas that need to be promoted to continue to advance mainly include: the fiscal and taxation system is not adjusted，Town -level financial resources are difficult to effectively improve; county -level regulations' management rights have not fully sank，It is difficult to completely realize territorial management; the randomness is decentralized at permissions，Supporting measures are difficult to implement。The possible comprehensive strategies are as follows: Explore the reform of the financial and taxation system of developed town，Establish a corresponding fiscal system; promote the reform of township institutions through the localization management of the regulations;，Scientific regulations to empowerment。

　　bet365 live casino games

2016，The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China、The General Office of the State Council jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on the Reform of the Administrative System of Economic and Developed Town"，Reform pushed away nationwide。According to the central spirit，The main task of the reform of the administrative system of economic developed town is to expand economic and social management authority，Build a simple and hard -working organizational structure，Promoting centralized approval services Bet365 app download and comprehensive administrative law enforcement。Reform advanced to depth，Put every place under authority、Town -level institutions have made greater exploration and innovation in the setting and management of town -level institutions，achieved significant results。But there are more reforms that are not changing the mechanism innovation bet365 best casino games under the existing system，Key system problems have not been effectively solved。Generally speaking，The key areas that are difficult to break through the existing reforms are mainly aspects。

First，The fiscal tax system has not been fully adjusted，Town -level financial resources are difficult to effectively improve。Before the reform，The town level lacks a complete first -level finance、Lack of financial resources。The reform of the administrative system of developed towns in various places on the basis of not changing the original county fiscal system，Increases fiscal strength by adjusting the income of related taxes，If the land transfer fund、Urban construction supporting fees and other fields。This part of the income constitutes the main financial source of the town，The proportion of total income is about 2/3。But，It has obvious instability and unsustainable，The annual income depends on the land transfer of the year，And many developed town available land indicators are rarely or basically used up。Under the current county and town fiscal system，The annual tax return at the county level is uncertain，Growth is quite limited，Lack of scientific and reasonable financial power and rights division mechanism between counties and towns。Under the circumstances of the continuous increase in power and the expansion of grass -roots governance affairs，Developed town is facing heavy fiscal pressure and unsustainable income，This will stimulate excessive relying on the inertia of land finance and sustainable debt -raising behavior to maintain town operation and construction。

Second，The management right of the county -level rules institution has not sank fully，It is difficult to achieve territorial management。Current，The dispatch agencies of the county -level functional departments mainly implement the dual management mode，Evaluation of the leaders of the town -level leader on the town -level leaders、Appointment and exemption power can achieve the purpose of "block -based"。But the property of these institutions is still responsible for the superior functional department，Bet365 lotto review instead of being responsible for town level。Under the overall planning of the lack of town -level "leaders"，It is difficult for the functional departments to set up the town -level functional departments.。At the same time，The authority at the county level is often undertaken and exercised by the bar institution，But in the context of the continuous strengthening of the territory，The town -level government has assumed the responsibility of territorial management，thus leading to "power in the bar，Responsibility is separated by the power separation paradox。So，Reform seems to solve the problem of "power and responsibility"，In essence, it has created a situation of separation of power and responsibility，From the developed town government itself，Still "power and responsibility"。

third，Great decentralization under authority，Supporting measures are difficult to implement。First，The county and towns lack a clear division of responsibilities，The tendency of "selectivity" and "avoidance" decentralization caused by superiors。Some functional departments of the county level often have a large quantity、Disposal of the right to execute，but leave it easy、Power involved in greater interests。From the surface，This is in line with the actual demand that gives the large -scale power to the grassroots，But if you do not consider the actual acceptance ability and support resource support of the grassroots，Only the convenience of the superiors，These rights will be difficult to implement。Second，With the increase of decentralization permissions，Town level needs more professionals to do the corresponding things。but，Town level but lack of personnel with law enforcement qualifications，It is difficult to match the required preparation and professionals，Learn a serious shortage of town -level law enforcement officers，It can only rely on a large number of government employees to carry out work，This will increase the irregularity and financial burden of administrative law enforcement。

　　The systemic and linkage of strengthening reform

Take a comprehensive，Due to the key areas of the town -level system (such as finance、Institutions Bet365 app download and preparation) No substantial changes and breakthroughs are obtained，The problem of "lack of money and less power" has not been resolved，Innovation of some mechanism is more a short -term eased behavior。The incompleteness of the reform has also brought insufficient initiative of the grass -roots administrative system。So，Promoting the development of reform and in -depth development，It must face the system problems in key areas，Solve the "hard bone" left by the early reform，From the following aspects to deepen the reform of the grass -roots administrative system reform and explore beneficial experience。

First，Explore the reform of the fiscal and taxation system，Improve the first -level fiscal system of developed town。Finance is the basis for the construction and administration of first -level governments，Economic and developed towns have contributed huge taxes to the county level，Also assume the huge responsibility of town -level governance。For the actual situation of the current development of most developed towns，It is recommended that the Provincial Department of Finance can explore the reform of the fiscal and taxation system of the county and town in some towns，Pilot county fiscal and taxation system，Various taxes collected from the town level，Except to the superior，Leave a part of it can focus on the town level，Specific proportion can be determined according to the actual situation。Ensure that the economically developed town has a stable source of fiscal tax，On this basis, improve the construction of town -level treasury，Construction of a town -level fiscal system from the system，Conditional provinces can carry out this reform first。The significance of implementing a stable county and town fiscal tax sharing system is: First, expand the financial autonomy of developed town，Relieve that the stability of the town's financial and tax income is extremely poor and excessively rely on land finance; the second is to clarify the division of responsibilities of the county and town、Implementation agencies are localized management to laid a financial foundation; third, it can provide experience bet365 live casino games for future larger township reforms，with a view to alleviate the current fiscal dilemma of towns and villages。

Next，Promote the reform of township institutions，The territorial management of the developed town regulations。Regarding the territorial management of the promotion of the organization，The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in early 2019、The "Implementation Opinions on Promoting Grassroots Integration and Approval Service Law Enforcement forces" issued by the General Office of the State Council has clearly required: "Except for the party's central government clearly requesting the implementation of the organization system，The county's direct department is located in the township and street institutions to implement territorial management in principle。"So，Reform is imperative。Editorials in various places can take the lead in implementing the town -level government's localization management of the town -level governments。Implement the comprehensive jurisdiction of the town -level regulations with greater concern institutions and property，is Management、Assessment、Appointment agency staff，Payment institutions' salary and institutional operation funds，Therefore, the county -level resident agency becomes the functional department of the town -level government，Obief of the unified command scheduling，To the greatest extent resolve the block contradiction，Reduce administrative operation costs，Unified power and responsibility for realizing grassroots management。At the same time，Promoting other supporting measures: First, the town government has enough financial resources to maintain institution operation; second，Institutional staffing and management system must be changed，Sinking sinking in the institution will inevitably need to prepare sinking，You need to re -approve the preparation of town -level institutions; again，The county's direct -assigned agencies need to be fully integrated after the territorialization，To achieve grassroots centralized approval services Bet365 app download and comprehensive administrative law enforcement。

Last，Division of the division of responsibilities in the county and town，Scientific regulations to empowerment。With the movement of state governance and the reform of the administrative system of economic developed towns, deeply developed，Expanding the rights of economic and social management at the town level is no longer a "emergency" authority，Instead, it is necessary to conduct refined power on the basis of scientific division。The county level can be coordinated by the special department (such as the compilation office) to coordinate the work of various departments of the county.，Promote the work of strong town expansion from the following two aspects。First, after continuous decentralization，Retelling county -town relations，Divided into county functions from the perspective of the top -level design，Clarify the division of responsibilities，Forms a division of labor based on a reasonable functional division of labor、Stable、Institutionalized town -level authority list and scope of affairs，Avoid the randomness of power collection。Second, on the basis of considering decentralization，Evaluate the ability of the grass -roots government to undertake the ability and actual governance needs，To be able to empower because it needs to be emphasized。In the process of emphasizing simplified administration and decentralization，Can't delegate power for decentralization，How much is the number of decentralizations deliberately pursuing the number of decentralizations，Power decentralization must be based on scientific county and town division of labor and actual governance needs。You need to follow the "mature batch、Given a batch "principle，Before empowerment, you must fully evaluate the town -level undertaking ability，Listen to the opinions of all parties，Town level "to be able to hold it、The ability to undertake the ability of good management must be before empowerment，instead of empowerment。Through the above measures，Lisaixian County and Town Relations and Responsibility Division，Make economic bet365 best casino games developed towns, the expansion of power expansion is continuously standardized、institutionalization。Deepening Reform，Both the central government considers these system problems from the top -level design，It also needs to break the existing interest pattern。Liech through up and down，Coordinated advance，Continue deepening the above system and mechanism reform。

　　(This article is the status quo of the general project of the National Social Science Foundation "The current situation of the government's right to affairs、Logic and Optimization Path "(22BZZ108) phased results)

(Author Unit: School of Public Management, South China University of Technology)