Some time ago，The Chinese Red Study Community is solemn and enthusiastically "commemorate the 100th anniversary of the New Red Studies"。My academic research category，This is the research and translation of Latin and Latin America in Spain and Latin America，But an accidental opportunity in the late 1980s，I was invited to go to the University of Granada, Spain for nearly 4 years，Translation、Standaged the Spanish version of "Dream of Red Mansions"，In the end, this classic masterpiece of Chinese traditional culture was available in Spain，From this I have also generated some contacts with the Red School。

How to combine the thinking and reading habits of foreign audiences，Tell Chinese Stories，Propagate Chinese voice? Looking back on the overseas communication of "Dream of Red Mansions" and some problems I encountered during the translation process，Maybe it can bring you some thinking and revelation。

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Published "Dream of Red Mansions" in Spain，This was originally a cooperation agreement between the Chinese Bureau of Literature and Granada: We provide a translation，They are responsible for publishing and distribution，and provide two scholarship places to the school to study Spanish for the school。But，When the University of Granada Press got the translation of "Dream of Red Mansions"，I think it cannot be published，The main reason is that this manuscript is translated from English，Second, the Spanish level of the manuscript did not meet the publishing requirements，More than 2600 pages (A4 printing paper)，Separations are uneven。

So，Professor Casanova, Vice President of Granada University, personally went to Madrid to contact the Chinese Embassy in Spain in Madrid，Please Cultural Counselor Recommend a colleagues and fixed manuscripts of the Western version of "Dream of Red Mansions"。Mr. Zhang Zhiya, then a cultural counselor, recommended me with Professor Casanova，This is why I passively became the reason for the translator of "Dream of Red Mansions"。Mr. Zhang Zhiya and I have never made any conversations，Why did he recommend me? It's because of my translation "Martin Fieyro" in Argentina is very popular，At that time he was serving as a cultural counselor there。bet365 best casino games I was very embarrassed at the time，First，I am not a red scholar; second，Anyway，"Dream of Red Mansions" is translated by foreigners in Spanish language，How can a Chinese be able to modify the manuscript of others? Later, a "insider" told me，Western version of "Dream of Red Mansions" has been successfully drafted，My task is nothing more than looking at Chinese，I just got the courage，I arrived in Granada in July 1987。

After getting there，I did not know that it was not like the "insider" said。There are western translations, no fake，But people say that the translation cannot be used，To go to school pair and revise in Chinese in verdicts。Where is this "see again"，It's simply a re -translation。I know the problem is serious，Can not play "retreat"。I ask the principal to help me find a Spanish with a high language level，The best is the poet，Working with me。The school recommends a 28 -year -old doctoral student, Herse Antonio Garcia Sanchez，He is a poet，A collection of poems。

This is the Spanish to be responsible for moisturizing text，We cooperate with translation，It's much better。Later，We will not modify it on the basis of the manuscript provided by the Foreign Languages ​​Bureau，Because my partner understands French，He turns from the French version to Spanish，I will book the school "Dream of Red Mansions" from the "Dream of Red Mansions" from the domestic People's Literature Publishing House。

　　"Dream in Red Pavilion"

The title of the Book of Red Mansions，Original translation of Sueño de Las Mansiones Rojas，The literal translation is the dream of "Red Building (or Official Residence)"。La Mansión in Spanish，That is the building、luxury homes、Mansion meaning，and use plural，The question is that the "House" of Rongning Second Mansion in the book is also translated as Mansión。Readers who understand Chinese，Translation of such translations，I will ask questions。"Building" and "Rongning Second Mansion" of "Red Mansion"，How can it be the same word? we know，"Dream of Red Mansions", also known as "Stone", "Love Monk Records", "Fengyue Bao Jian", "Jinling Twelve Sisters"，Look at the author's own evaluation of "Dream of Red Mansions": "Floating is very bitter and busy，Sheng Xi Huayan finally scattered。Sadness and joy, the same fantasy，An ancient and modern dreams are absurd。Wan Yan Hong Sleeve Corner Rest weight，More affectionate Bet365 lotto review hugging long。characters seem to be blood，Ten years of hard work and unusual "，It is better to realize that the "Red Mansion" does not only refer to Rongning Second Mansion。I translate the title of the book as Sueño El Pabellón Rojo (literally translated as "Dream in Red Pavilion")，I think this can make readers a broad reverie。Maybe because of this，English translator Hoks uses the title of The Story of the Stone。Another example，In the original translation draft, "hit the guests" into "meet a friend"，If there are Chinese schools,，Such error translation will not appear。As for translating "Holy Head" as "greeting"，Translate "炕" as "bed"，Translate "First Test Yun Yu Qing" as "First Experience Sexual Life"，Although it is not an error translation，But different translator will adopt different translations，There is also a distinction between "elegant and bad"?

During the translation process，Sometimes I encounter unexpected problems。For example, when translating Xiang Ling's name，We found that there is no plant in Spain in Spain，Naturally, there is no name of Spanish。Manuscripts provided in China are translated as Castaña de Agua，But this is 荸，Obviously far with a beautiful girl image is far away。To translate it as "Ling"，It is necessary to check the botanical dictionary，Can be in botanical，There are two corners、Four corner Ling and Wuling divided，What kind of Xiang Ling Ling? Besides，If you must translate it as "Ling"，It is necessary to use Latin，In Spanish，Suddenly appearing a Latin word，Like a stone mixing a stone in peanut rice。After repeated research，I had to translate Xiangling Zhiling as a nenúfar。"Water Lily" and Yinglian's "Lotus" is the same family，The sound is not difficult to hear，It seems to be consistent with the image of the character。This is just a small episode in the translation process，The good intentions of the translator can see it。

The most difficult to translate is the poems in "Dream of Red Mansions"。Chinese and Spanish are completely different carriers: a Chinese Tibetan language department，One is a Indo -European language;，One is a polyronyin text with a multi -syllable; one with four sounds and the maiden is very rich，One is monotonous (only 5 vowels) but there is a stress，Visible rhythm。If word by word，Is it impossible to translate。Besides，Everyone who has Bet365 lotto review learned foreign languages ​​knows，In foreign language text，The most taboo is to repeat the same word，In Chinese，This is a means of rhetoric。Like "Flower Xiehua Flying Flowers Full of the Sky，Who is the pity of red and fragrant? "" Autumn flower bleak autumn grass yellow，Geng Gengqiu Lantern Autumn Night "" "Peach Blossom Curtain outside the wind soft，Peach Blossom Curtain Inside Morning Makeup。The inside of the peach blossom curtain outside the curtain，Not far from people from peach blossoms "。Just take the first poem，Seven words in a line、Three "flowers"，How to translate? Can only be based on the original poem，Write a song in Spanish as much as possible as possible。Poetry translation is second creation。To ensure the loyalty of the translation，Our approach is，First of all, I made two translations: one is the grammatical structure of Western language， Quiet hard translation，"Delivery"，Also marked Chinese Pinyin，Make Hessel have a overall impression of the original face and voice of the original poem，To make up for his lack of Chinese lack at all，But such translation，Sometimes he can't understand at all，Mo Mingshi。So，It is also necessary to make another translation according to the specified Spanish language。Hyato processes the color on the basis of two translations，Make it a Spanish poetry。Then，Let's discuss the fixed manuscript。After the draft，Also give it to several local poet friends to read，Listen to their modification opinions。

Western version of "Dream of Red Mansions"，From school to translation，For nearly 4 bet365 Play online games years before and after，I and He Sai Ye will continue every day，Even someone else has rest at Christmas，We do not rest，There is no weekend at all，I just want to finish this matter、Do a good job。

translator of the Western version of "Dream of Red Mansions"，I have neither copyright nor a manuscript fee。At that time，Conditions given me by the University of Granada，Just control and hold it，Give some pocket money every month。Later, I teach Chinese again，Only a salary。I will take more than a dozen lessons per week，The rest of the time is used to translate "Dream of Red Mansions"。But I think I can do such a thing in my life，Very lucky。Promoting Chinese civilization，Promoting cultural exchanges，Just to do it one by one。I am grateful to the University of Granada，They have made great efforts，After 16 bet365 Play online games years before and after，Finally out of the Western version of the three volumes of "Dream of Red Mansions"。

　　Unlimited respect for Chinese culture and wisdom

Western version of "Dream of Red Mansions" caused a warm response。Volume 1 When published at the University of Graner University Press，Printed 2500 volumes，Sold it in one month。"National News" and some local newspapers and radio stations、TV stations all made reports。Hold a grand first launch at the Madial Palace at the Cultural Center of the University of Granada， and invited Mr. Yang Xianyi, a well -known translator and Red Scholar of the Chinese Bureau of Literature and Culture, participated in the event，At the same time, a "Dream of Red Mansions" in the University of Granada。Murcian's cultural season "Pickup" published the 17th time of "Dream of Red Mansions"，An article "Cao Xueqin and the Dream of Red Mansions" in the article "Cao Xueqin and the Red Mansion Dream"。Published the eighteenth time of novels on the magazine "Bitzoc", which specializes in new works,。The first time of the novel was published in the special supplement of the University of Granada, and the short review of Jose Tito's "" Dream of Red Mansions ": Ambitional Publishing performance。In the column of the second "Book Recommended Book" in ABC Magazine in 1989，Two of the 14 -bit critics have recommended "Dream of Red Mansions" at the same time。Vice President Galanada Professor Casanova from the University of Granada pointed out in the foreword of the Western version of "Dream of Red Mansions"，"Dream of Red Mansions" "Provided us with extremely rich plots，so as to make our infinite respect for Chinese culture and wisdom more firm "。"For Granada University，The publication of this book means great glory and superiority，Because we first translated this wisdom and beauty in the Spanish text。”

May 3, 1989, Granada's official newspaper "ideal newspaper" has published an exclusive interview with Mr. Barrios, president of the University of Granada,。Barrios said: "The translation of this Chinese novel in all parts of the country，prompt us to change our policy，We want to break with those ugly booking books。”

Remember to hold a training course for doctors and nurse at the university garden -style hotel I stayed in。"Dream of Red Mansions" in "The Dream of Red Mansions" talks about "Zhang Taiyi discuss the sources of the poor"，Among them, how can the "inch level" of traditional Chinese medicine and how to give birth to each other with the five elements of yin and yang，We made a long comment on this bet365 Play online games when translated。We print it out，Medical staff distributed to the training class，They are very interested in the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine。At the University of Granada，One professor opened a course about Chinese culture，Simply use "Dream of Red Mansions" as a textbook。"Dream of Red Mansions" is indeed an encyclopedia，Encroofed，Architecture、Cooking、Clothing、Gardening、Opera、Poetry ... almost everything。

　　Involved Chinese and Western Literature Exchange

I often accept newspapers in Spain，Whenever I mention "Dream of Red Mansions"，The other party will say "This is Chinese" Don Quixote "，To explain the status of "Dream of Red Mansions" in China and the world literary world。But very regrettable，Chinese and Western literature exchanges are actually not equivalent。Starting from the translation of "The Legend of the Magic" in Lin Shu，"Don Quixote" has hundreds of different versions in China。Not long ago，My friend、Sinologist Ms. Relain also turned Lin Shu's "Don Quixote" from Chinese back to Spanish，Say it is to let "Don Quixote go home"。"Dream of Red Mansions" so far，There is only one version in more than 20 countries and regions throughout the Western language world。This is a big country with our deep cultural heritage with we have more than 5,000 years of deep cultural heritage，The status of a giant system of a concentrated national culture such as "Dream of Red Mansions" in the world literary world is extremely disproportionate。The number of translations determines the breadth of the audience，Quality Decision Reading Effect，To some extent, it also affects the construction of the Chinese discourse system and soft power。

We once invested a lot of manpower and financial resources，Translation Published some classical literature masterpieces，But in Spanish translation，It does not achieve the expected effect。Reasons for the reason，I think there are two points: one is to hire foreign language translator，No Chinese people reviewed; second, just translate and publish，How to spread whether it is issued。In this regard，I think the practice of the University of Granada, Spain is to learn from。

I think，Translate Chinese literary classic into foreign languages，Mainly relying on sinologists abroad。But to train a high -level Sinologist，Not something that happens overnight。Current，Especially in non -common language countries，High -level sinologists are scarce。In this case，May wish Bet365 lotto review to take our approach to the University of Granerda: First of all, select the classic English translation or legal translation of everyone's recognized Chinese school，Then please be a high -level translator (it should be difficult to find) to translate into Spain，Then the foreign language scholar of our country will review the school according to the original text。This，Both the quality of the translation，can also avoid error translation，Receive the effect of half -effort to get more effort。Of course，This is just the current expedient measure。Wait until the translated state -owned Chinese sinologist，There is no need to get the more we need to replace it。

　　(The author is a professor at the Department of Western language at Peking University、President of the Western Portuguese Lats America Literature Research Association)