Since the establishment of the first -level discipline of the "Regional National Studies" in September 2022，Discussion and meeting in this area、The activity is in full swing。Under this "hot" tide，Some "cold" thinking is particularly important。

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"Regional State Research" as a knowledge production activity，In terms of its essence, a country's knowledge of knowledge about the external world。The appearance of the word "social science" is quite late，The research of social science has developed a variety of orientations。With the field of knowledge，Gradually develop into various disciplines of modern social sciences，The development of research political phenomena into political science，The development of economic phenomena into economics，The development of social phenomena is sociology，In addition, there is history、Linguistics、Anthropology、Religious Teaching、International Relations, etc.，Become various disciplines of humanities and social sciences。From the process of overall evolution，The disciplines of humanities and social sciences have gradually increased after a sub -subject、The process of increasingly detailed divisions，This development is both profitable，There are also disadvantages。Constantly divide human knowledge，Caused the excessive division of knowledge，The criticism in some countries is "more and more，In fact, less and less "，Can't help but say that there is a reason，It should attract the Bet365 lotto review attention and attention of contemporary scholars。

Regional country research is another orientation in social sciences。It is not the above -mentioned different areas as the research object，Instead of using specific regions and countries as research objects，Among them, the politics of different regions or countries、Economy、Society、History、Culture、Foreign relations。In order to meet these different aspects，It is necessary to use various disciplines in humanities and social sciences to see through all aspects of one country or one region，Therefore, after integration, some overall understanding。Through this diameter，People have reached their understanding and grasp of specific countries or regions。The level you know may be high and low，The degree of understanding may have depths，But this kind of understanding is common for countries around the world、Common。

Such academic exploration is unable to complete by a single discipline only。Research or knowledge production of a country or region from the perspective of a subject of humanities and social sciences，All can master a part of the research object。This is because of，Any specific area or country，Politics、Economy、Society、Culture、History、diplomatic and other aspects，You need to from different discipline perspectives、Use different discipline expertise to explore these different aspects。It is in this sense，We said that regional countries are a research orientation of social sciences。As far as the strict meaning of the term "discipline" is concerned，Regional State Study is not a "discipline" in social sciences。So，How should I look at the name "Regional State Study"?

　　It is "the study of great powers" and the learning of small and medium -sized countries

Regional country research is a kind of research orientation。The name of this research orientation，The transformation from "regional country research" to "regional country" has been experienced in China.。"Regional National Studies" became a first -level discipline，Whether the training of higher levels of talents，Construction of the knowledge system of Chinese independent disciplines，All will bring new support and development。Current，Domestic universities carry out the enthusiasm of regional countries to study high enthusiasm，This is great for promoting discipline development and talent training。but，The dilemma faced in the research field of regional countries cannot be ignored。Regional State Study as a orientation as a social science，With its inner rules。Follow its rules，It is possible to develop better。

Some scholars proposed，"Regional State Research" is "Learning of Great Power"，But for any country，Understanding and mastering the external world is a necessary，Regardless of the size of the country，All are this。Of course，For a big country，Because its vision is wider，The interest surface is wider，It's even more that is。In this sense,，Regional country research is "learning of great powers"，It is also a study of small and medium -sized countries。

　Know the needs of the external world

Look at it historically，Carry out research on other regions，From the loosening of connecting with the world from all parts of the world, the connection is closely inseparable。Far without saying，Since the "Geography Discovery" in the 15th century，The rapid expansion of the capitalist world market led by the European power，Globally, the areas bet365 live casino games of the original isolated areas are increasingly connected into an organic overall。After the end of World War II，With beauty、Su (especially in the United States) rises into a superpower，The momentum of this process is increasing without decrease。Under the historical background of this "globalization" by later generations，Politics between regions、Economy、The deepening of cultural exchanges makes the advancement of the advancement of the external region become the basic knowledge needs of a country，"Regional State Research", there is a logical manner。

As far as Western countries are concerned，As a pioneer as a global market，As the capitalist system expands worldwide and the advancement of colonial activities，Yi Ying、The European colonial powers represented by the law need to enhance the understanding of the majority of non -European regions，To serve colonial development activities。In this process，Some specific people have played a key role。First is the missionary group。With the "geographical discovery" and the gradual forming of the global system，A large number of western missionaries go to the vast unknown area。In order to preach in the target country，Missionary first needs to learn the language of the local country，Understand its historical culture，Then communicate with the locals，Memoral activities。In this process，The missionary group objectively promoted the early "regional country research"。other，Charity Agency、Education workers、Doctors and other social organizations and individuals also have an objective effect on the development of early "regional countries"。In other words，With Western powers in colonial activities in other parts of the Bet365 app download world，There are many missionaries、Doctor、Government officials、Education workers，and even members of the charitable organization come to other parts of the world，They observe locally from all sides、Record、Research，First -hand information formed the early "regional country research"。Among them, it is inevitable to go down，Delivery description and subjective judgment，But there is still important reference value for how we understand how Westerners look at the world。Sinology research in many European countries and Chinese research later people said，This is how it developed。

As far as China is concerned，The same is true。After many years of retreat to lock the country in the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Modern Chinese re -"open your eyes to see the world"，Write down what you see after walking and hears，Reflects their understanding of the external world。Compiled by contemporary people、The "Towards the World Series" published after the school reflects how modern Chinese people look at the world，Among them, correct and error mix，Insight and misunderstandings，reflected the level of understanding at that time。and modern times more active、Active or even organized research activities for the world，It's all "upgraded versions"。For example，The larger "Contemporary China" series is the writing of China ’s development process since 1949。

In short，To say the birth and development of "regional country research"，The same principles of China and foreign countries，All from the needs of understanding and grasping the external world。It may be a more pure knowledge exploration，It may be driven by the situation，Politics serving under specific historical conditions、bet365 best casino games Economy、Social Development Purpose。Research activities under these two power -driven research activities have produced very representative academic results。There are a lot of knowledge exploration，The product driven by the situation is more，But not as the test that can withstand the time of the previous more。A lot of academic achievements that are closely connected to the situation with the theme of "go straight to the theme"，Can't withstand the test of time，Once the incident is past、The situation will be outdated and lost after changing the situation。Can stand the test of time，It is "universal" from specific or "special"，That is, a certain universal understanding。

For example, the cultural theory of anthropologist Caifier Gelz，It is his in -depth study of Java and Bali，So I established its own cultural doctrine。He thinks，Analysis of culture is not an experimental science that seeks law，but an interpretation science with significance。The so -called cultural analysis is a speculation of meaning，Valuation of these speculations，and then get an explanatory conclusion from better speculation。He thinks his "deep description" job is micro，But this is not to say that there is no to the entire society、Civilization、World Event, etc. to make large -scale anthropology explanations。The method of typical anthropologists is from such an angle，Touch extremely small things in an extremely expansion way，Finally achieve a wider explanation and more abstract analysis。The Gulz cultural theory established therefore is more universal、Deep，The test it has withstand time，Many years later, it is still repeatedly recruited by the academic community today。

This looks like，We should Bet365 lotto review "walk two legs"，But it should pay more attention to the research of knowledge inquiry -type regional countries。

　　(The author is a professor at the International Issues Research Institute of Fudan University)