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Public Administration and Public Management Studies must establish their own academic discourse and academic norms，Forms academic identity and academic identity，Must answer the human behavior assumptions based on the theory，Especially for human cognition、Assumptions of preference and decision -making，so that your own discipline is based on a solid specification。

Reason choice: Basic assumptions of human behavior

Social Sciences The interactive process of social sciences research，It is impossible to avoid human behavior and choice problems。For example, Soros，It is to build its own theory on the subjectivity of human behavior、The one -sided assumptions of uncertainty and recognition，Starting his thinking about the financial market，Thinking to the entire human social order。So，Assumptions about human behavior，Become a question that is not avoided by any discipline called social science。

Economics took the lead in proposing the theoretical hypothesis of rational selection of human behavior，that is, personal behavior has a complete rationality，Pursuing personal interests，Implement the maximization strategy。The theory of Bet365 app download rational selection has become the cornerstone of economics theory，It has also become the cornerstone of decision theory。Some scholars think，In a competitive market economy，From the perspective of evolution，Only rational individuals may survive，Unreasonable individuals will eventually be eliminated by the market。The great interpretation of Bet365 lotto review rational selection theory for behavior in the market economy，Economists are dissatisfied with limited their research scope to human economic behavior and economic life。So，An expansion of human behavior economic analysis，in different fields，Expand it in different ways，Its common purpose is to hope to establish a common human behavior for social sciences。

Of course，Some economists have begun this process of human behavior that poured rational choice theory to other fields，The analysis of Bet365 lotto review rational selection theory to the political field and the government field of them，Create a new tradition of social selection theory and public choice theory。Aro took the lead in applying the rational selection theory to the field of social selection，I have proposed an impossible theorem。Downs applies the rational selection theory to the analysis of democracy and bureaucracy，Put forward the middle voters' theorem and bureaucratic behavior model。Bucchaanan and Talloke applied the rational selection theory to democracy and constitutional analysis，Explained methodology in their works，and analyze the problems caused by most democracy from the perspective of decision -making costs and external costs。Ostrom specially applied the public selection theory to public administration research，Multi -central governance theory in public administration。

Studies in many experimental economics show，Whether it is in the field of pure market，Still in the field of social difficulties，Personal is not as predicted by the theory of rational selection，Maximize the pursuit of private interests。"Trust Game" model、"Prisoner's Dilemma Game" model、"Ultimulin Game" model、A series of experimental economics research results such as the "dictator game" model show，Trust、Some non -economic preferences such as cooperation and social preferences will affect personal choices and behaviors。So，Some scholars have also begun to reflect on the harm of public choice theory to human politics and public domains，One after another proposed alternative theoretical idea，such as socialist theory, etc.，Emphasize the importance of virtue and justice to the political and public domains。

Cognition, incentive and decision -making: Three processes of human behavior

What elements should be included in bet365 live casino games human behavior? Just as it is a irrational choice for completely accepting the theory of rational selection，It is not a rational choice to completely reject the theory of rational selection。Here，Ostrom made a good choice，Based on the assumptions contained in the theory of rational selection，Abstract and summarize the general elements contained in the theory of human behavior。She will choose the structural element of the theory rational selection，Summary into three aspects: first, assumptions about complete information; second, assumptions about pursuing material interest preferences; third, hypothesis of maximizing selection mode。Based on this，She believes that she can think about human behavior theory from three aspects，That is information and human mental model、Evaluation model of processes and results、Select model。At the same time，She also advocates the development of the "Second Agent Selection Theory"，Try to choose the theory and system rational selection、Social Capital、Specifications and other factors to consider problems。This，Make assumptions about human behavior，It can integrate rationality、System、Culture、Tradition、Trust、Specifications and social capital elements。Noss in the two books, "Understanding the Process of Economic Change" and "Violence and Social Order"bet365 live casino games ，Also try to make faith、Consciousness、Human intentions、Culture and tradition and other factors are fused into the analysis of institutional changes and economic performance。

Combining game theory、The latest research results of information and inspiration economics，We think,It can divide human behavior into three processes and links，Cognition、Incentives and decisions。The first is the cognitive process，It involves the stimulus of the external environment to the human brain、reaction and understanding，and the process of consciousness，Noss's mental model can summarize this content。There are different assumptions for cognition，If perfect cognition and imperfect cognition，The former assumes that people's cognitive ability is indispensable，instead of perfection, assume that the cognition is false。If the evolutionary perspective，Human cognitive process and mental model are also constantly revising and changing processes。The second is the incentive process，It involves human cognition、Source of consciousness and action，That is the human exploration world、What is the most fundamental motivation to choose action and change the environment。Inspiration is often associated with faith，It is an idea about what the future and what you want to be，This belief may lead to Bet365 app download good results，It may also lead to bad results。Third is the decision -making process，It involves the active process when humans face their own environment，In the process of human beings facing diversity，Which solution to choose to solve the problem，The decision -making process is ultimately affected by understanding and belief，Understanding is to realize its function from the process of understanding，The belief is to achieve its function from the incentive process，The decision -making process is a function of understanding and belief。Of course，Human understanding process、The incentive process and decision -making process is not produced in vacuum，This makes human behavior assumptions and systems、Complex interaction between culture and environment。Human behavior itself is also an adaptive process，Human behavior will create a system and belief system to reduce uncertainty，In contrast system and belief system itself, it will also affect human behavior assumptions。(Source: Chinese Journal of Social Sciences: Li Wenzhao Unit: School of Public Management of Renmin University of China)