Carl Polari pointed out，The source and foundation of modern society is a market economy，Various changes in modern society are dominated by dual exercise，That is, "The continuous expansion of the market and the counter -control movement that the movement encountered in a specific direction"。The development of the market economy not only changes the economic and social structure，and will challenge government governance，and promote the government to reconstruct the governance structure and governance method。This development logic，In order to understand the changes and challenges faced by China's urban grassroots level，Provided a better interpretation perspective。

　　bet365 live casino games

Since the reform and opening up，With the pace of market -oriented reform，The influence of the unit system gradually weakened，China's city grassroots governance has undergone institutional changes from street dwelling system to community system。The reform of the economic system constantly breaks down the social management function undertaken by the unit、Dipped out，Movement to the grassroots regime to bear。The street office of the grassroots government's dispatched agency assumes a lot of responsibilities transferred from the unit，Organizational carrier of becoming a social management function。At the same time，A large number of rural population poured into cities，The flow of population bet365 best casino games continues to increase，Retirement and laid -off persons continue to increase，Unprecedented and complicated social affairs pressed in front of urban managers。Under the idea of ​​strengthening territorial management，City management center starts to move down，City、The government at the district two governments will send a lot of affairs to the street office，Add a lot of new tasks to the street work。

The dispatch agency of the grassroots government，The disposable public resources of the street office are limited，But the social management tasks it undertaken is getting heavier and heavier。Under the current system，The resident committee is defined as a mass autonomous organization，But rely on resource acquisition dependence on the street office。The street office provides funding and subsidies to the neighborhood committee and its activities，It is also required to take a lot of affairs and tasks for the neighborhood committee。The neighborhood committee has actually become the "leg" of the street office，It is too dependent on it，but it is difficult to go deep into the residents。

　　The state promotes urban community governance

To resolve the above difficulties，Since the 1990s，The country begins to promote urban community construction。May 1991，The former Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs Cui Naifu when listening to the report of the grass -roots regime construction department，pointed out that the construction of grass -roots organizations should focus on "community bet365 Play online games construction"，For the first time in our country, the concept of community construction was clearly proposed。2000，The "Opinions of the Ministry of Civil Affairs on Promoting the Construction of Urban Community in the Country" reposted by the Central Committee of the Central Committee，"Vigorously promote community construction，It is an inevitable requirement for my country's urban economic and social development to a certain stage。"March 2001，Community construction is included in the national "Tenth Five -Year Plan" Outline。sign a series of government actions，Community construction has realized the perfect turn from academic research to public policy。

Enter the 21st century，Urban community construction is generally carried out nationwide。Community construction adheres to people -oriented、Service residents，Introducing market mechanism and social force，Expand community service resources，Form the government、New governance structure embedded in the market and community。Urban government through policy support、Funds subsidies、Resource sharing、Congress of co -construction and other methods，Mobilization Organization、Group、Enterprises and institutions and individuals participate in community construction，Improved community service conditions and service facilities，Community private non -enterprises also gain rapid development。In community construction，The role of the market mechanism continues to expand，It greatly enriches community bet365 best casino games service projects，Effectively improved the supply efficiency of community services，Provided multiple layers for community residents、Diversified service selection。

　　Balance of market power and community self -protection campaign

Market mechanism improves community service status，shows the vigorous vitality of the government and the market to provide community services，At the same time, a series of anxious phenomena also produced。Strong expansion of the market mechanism，Excessive demands of commercial benefits and business profits，It will inevitably damage community interests and environmental interests。So，The community will conduct "self -protection" through organizing social actions，Group conflict incidents are difficult to avoid。Observe the community -level group conflict incident，Whether it is violent demolition、Property dispute，Still illegal charges、illegal construction, etc.，What people often see are，Both parties in the game are in an asymmetric state，Market power is in a strong position。In the government -led community construction，Since most of the market entities are mostly approved by the government,，Community residents while resisting market power，It is easy to have a sense of distrust of the government。

Since the excessive expansion of the market mechanism has brought new problems to the community governance，This requires the government to balance between market power and community self -protection campaign。If the government does not take action to control bet365 best casino games market power、The right to protect the self -protection of the community，Society will perform group -sex events endlessly。Promote the construction of a harmonious community，Need to reconstruct the community governance structure，In the government、Establish a power balance between the market and the community。Current，The most urgent thing is，Develop and improve community civil organizations，Provide effective organizational carriers for the expression and aggregation of residents。Current，There are already a certain number of civil society groups in the urban community，But they lack public spaces that enhance contact and communication，It is difficult to organize collective action to maintain community rights。Only when private groups reach a certain amount and quality，When forming a network based on interaction，These folk groups will grow to be able to be able to with the government、Organizational form of corporate dialogue。

　　More public spaces

Public space is a space basis for the formation and maintenance of the public society。Cultivate community civil organizations，It must provide a public space to rely on its activities。but，​​Urban leaders pay too much attention to commercial development，However, I ignored the public space of creating community。Under the huge temptation of commercial interests，Compared with private space and commercial facilities，Community public spaces are always constantly squeezed。Limited community public space，Many are bet365 best casino games switched to commercial use in the form of leasing。Open community public space，Including community square、Street Heart Park、Cultural Activity Center、Leisure and entertainment facilities、Children's game venue, etc.，Can enhance the internal communication of the community，Promote mutual communication between people。Lack of community public space，In the event of a group of interest conflicts，Residents sit down and discuss、No place for negotiation，How can it rationally organize collective operations to counter the infringement?

To promote the harmonious development of the community，In the community development plan，Urban managers need to leave more public space for community activities，This，Various community organizations will be active。Gather the residents of the community through them，Formation of interest expression and aggregation mechanism，Organize collective operations，It will form countermeasures for market power and government infringement。This，Community governance will form a "multi -center" structure。It guarantees the government、Marketing and Community Organization's own autonomous action space，At the same time, restrict the opponent's infringement expansion。Compared with a simple linear structure，This multi -center structure is obviously more complicated、More elastic，It is also more conducive to ensuring the good governance of the community。

(Source: Chinese Social Sciences Author: Yang Hongshan Author: School of Public bet365 best casino games Management of Renmin University of China)