This article is published in "Chinese bet365 offer Sciences Journal"191Issue11One of the articles on "bet365 offer Management" in the edition.

　The essence of a bet365 offer tank is not non-profit and independent，It’s about providing high-quality ideological products。This ideological product includes both policies that serve public decision-making、Recommendations and Analysis Report，Also includes public knowledge that has a positive role in promoting economic and social development。

How to define a think tank，It has long been an important issue that has puzzled experts and scholars in related fields。Basically，Each scholar gives a different answer。Donald E, a well-known Canadian think tank research expert.Abelson pointed out: bet365 offer are generally non-profit that focus on public policy research、Non-partisan organization。James McCann, a famous American think tank research expert, believes，Leaders around the world need think tank scholars to provide independent analysis，Help set the policy agenda，Building a bridge between knowledge and action。Actually，The above definitions are just the tip of the iceberg among many think tank concepts。The concept of bet365 offer is so confusing，On the one hand, it is because the development history of modern bet365 offer is not long，The corresponding think tank research work is still in its infancy；On the other hand, it is because of the question of what kind of social organization is a think tank，There is no consensus in the academic community。

　　Official bet365 offer have become the main body of contemporary Chinese bet365 offer

We bet365 offer，bet365 offer tank refers to a type of service that specifically serves public policy and public decision-making、Social organization that produces public ideas and public knowledge，Its basic characteristics include innovative ideas、Policy influence and public attention。Its main functions include providing ideological products (policies、Suggestion、Public knowledge, etc.)、Build a communication platform (hold a forum、Report Meeting、Meeting and waiting)、Cultivating public talents (providing universities、Enterprise、Talent mobility platform between governments)、Guiding public opinion (providing ideological materials for authoritative media, etc.)。The above definition is quite different from the traditional bet365 offer tank concept。We bet365 offer，The essence of a bet365 offer tank is not non-profit and independent，It’s about providing high-quality ideological products。This ideological product includes both policies that serve public decision-making、Recommendations and Analysis Report，Also includes public knowledge that has a positive role in promoting economic and social development。

Current，Some well-known bet365 offer at home and abroad are corporate organizations with for-profit characteristics，Such as McKinsey & Company and Boston Consulting Group in the United States，Another example is Zero Point Investigation Company and Anbang Consulting Company, which have become famous in the field of domestic public policy analysis in recent years。Although they are all market-oriented operations、An enterprise organization with profit as its important goal，But it has produced a large amount of public knowledge and policy advice。There are some such companies (represented by consulting companies)，On the one hand, they are for-profit organizations pursuing their own survival and healthy growth，Also ambitious，Take the prosperity of the country as your own responsibility，With the goal of studying public policy and serving public decision-making，has released a large number of policy recommendations and social survey results。

But，The most influential bet365 offer in China are basically official or semi-official bet365 offer。At the "China's First Think Tank Forum" held in 2006，With Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、China’s top ten famous bet365 offer represented by the Development Research Center of the State Council are collectively displayed in front of people，They are all official and semi-official bet365 offer。At the same time，Party committees and governments at all levels、Policy research institutions established within party and government agencies as well as state-owned enterprises and institutions are “invisible” bet365 offer that are not known to the public and truly promote the formation of public decision-making。Take prefecture-level cities as an example，Such official bet365 offer include the Municipal Party Committee Research Office、Municipal Government Research Office、Research Office of the Organization Department of the Municipal Party Committee、Municipal Party School, etc.，Their main function is to research and formulate public policies，And report the research results directly to the main leaders of the higher-level party committee and government。

Under China’s current political system，Whether it is the Academy of Social Sciences or the Policy Research Office，All belong to official bet365 offer within the system，Does not have the so-called "independence"，But it is a think tank that really works。Because it is a think tank within the system，China’s official bet365 offer can achieve seamless integration with decision-making agencies，Research results can be quickly and completely transformed into decision-making solutions，Apply to actual work。Therefore，The operation model and work results of China’s official bet365 offer，With Academy of Social Sciences、Research Laboratory、Official bet365 offer at all levels and types represented by the Party School have become the main body of contemporary Chinese bet365 offer。

In view of the above cases and logical analysis，We bet365 offer，Whether it is non-profit and independent，It cannot be used as a criterion to judge whether an organization is a bet365 offer tank。The basic value of a bet365 offer tank lies in its ability to propose groundbreaking ideas。

　　Can bet365 offer play a role

"Are bet365 offer useful?" is actually a series of questions: first，Are bet365 offer really useful?？Secondly，What is the role of a think tank？Last，What mechanism does a think tank work through?？

Proposed by Abelson，What is the influence and role of bet365 offer on policy formulation and the formation of policy formulation environment？This problem has been bothering many scholars。Of course，Many think tank leaders and government officials are convinced that bet365 offer play a huge role in policy formulation。Pointed out by John Thornton, Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Brookings Institution，The society has always adhered to three core values ​​- quality、Independence and influence，Brookings scholars helped create America’s Social Security system，And played an important role in the establishment of the United Nations。The policy ideas of the Heritage Foundation greatly influenced the governing philosophy of the Reagan administration，The "Leader's Mission" launched in 1980，A must-have manual for becoming a member of the Reagan administration。Current US President Obama is convinced of the importance of bet365 offer，After he was sworn in as president in January 2009，32 Brookings scholars have joined his governing team，Many of them are core officials。Of course，There are also scholars who have different views，They believe that the role played by bet365 offer is limited，And the mechanism by which it works is not obvious。We think，bet365 offer undoubtedly play an important role in policy decisions。

Then，What role can bet365 offer play？Think tank influence comes in at least three forms: setting the agenda、Leading discussions and designing policy。Empirical investigation based on China’s reform practice over the past 30 years，bet365 offer have made huge contributions to China’s economic and social development。

What is the mechanism through which bet365 offer influence the policy-making process？Some scholars believe，The mechanism through which bet365 offer can function can be through political science theory (pluralism theory、Elite theory and state theory)、Meso theory based on policy process、Explained based on the micro-theory of "knowledge application"。Some scholars also proposed，The "revolving door" mechanism is one of the most distinctive phenomena of American bet365 offer，The main function of the "revolving door" mechanism is to build an interpersonal communication network、Building a bridge between knowledge and power and promoting Track II diplomacy。We think，The explanation of the operating mechanism of bet365 offer cannot be limited to political science、Journalism and Communication、Knowledge and other theories，But it should be more from philosophy、Economics、Management、Discuss sociological theory，Of course，There is a lot of room for development in research work in this area。

(Source: China bet365 offer Sciences Journal Author: Xu Xiaohu Chen Qi Unit: School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)

　　

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