2007，The US subprime mortgage crisis has detonated the international financial tsunami that has never been encountered for a century。In this financial tsunami that has not yet ended，The banking industry in developed countries is severely hit，Not only do you have multiple banks closed down，And like American Citi Bank、Bank of Paris, France、The world -renowned giant banks such as Norsenrok Bank in the United Kingdom also lost heavy losses。The fourth quarter of 2008，The international financial crisis begins to attack my country's real economy，But what's shocking is，my country's banking industry is against the trend，In quality、scale and profitability have been improved for a long time。It is reported，my country Bank's foreign currency assets at the end of 2008 were 62.39 trillion yuan，At the end of 2010, 9.53 trillion yuan，Growing about 53%。Another report，Among the 10,000 banks ranked in the 2010 "Banker" magazine，There are 84 banks in my country，32 more than ranked in 2009，increased more than 60%。Some scholars claim that: China's banking industry has become & ldquo;，Not over。

　　Bet365 lotto review

Do these banks have more than or at least less than Western countries in management? Whether to indicate that the regulatory authorities in my country bet365 best casino games are introducing overseas regulatory standards、Innovative my country's financial supervision system has reached the world's leading level?

Finding Literature Discovery，Although most experts and scholars fully affirm the performance of my country's banking industry since the international financial tsunami，But cautious attitude。Because the current prosperity of the banking industry in my country is mainly due to two aspects: First, the capital injection of state -owned banks that start from early 2003、Reorganization、Stock reform; second, the government has relaxed the number and price control of bank credit in the second half of 2008，Make various commercial banks let go of the bold，Actively open the gate to put water，Pursuing profit and competitive advantage through the pursuit of the growth of credit scale，The so -called & ldquo;。

Everyone knows，1998，my country's banking industry is still in & ldquo; technical bankruptcy & rdquo; status，And after the development, it depends on government policy support。Inference according to logic，The management level of my country's banking industry cannot be too high。In fact，As many experts and scholars have pointed out: my country's bank management is quite extensive。The legal person's governance structure has not changed fundamentally; the profit model is mainly through & ldquo;、& ldquo; Make up the price & rdquo; earn a loan spread; for the pursuit of scale and short -term performance without cost、The atmosphere without risk has been quite strong in the past few years; credit funds Bet365 lotto review are concentrated in some industries (especially the real estate industry) to expose potential systemic risks; Performance assessment seriously damage the customer service function and the development of intermediate business，It also increases risks; internal control and risk control consume huge sums of money at high -level capital to form a system，At the grassroots level, the high cabinet of the bundle，Make strategy and operation、Reconstruction of the internal organizational structure under the name of the business department，The result still did not jump out of & ldquo; bar & rdquo; & ldquo; block & rdquo;。We think，The key to solving such problems is to prevent and resolve risks，This aspect continues to rely on the correctness of the national macro policy，On the other hand, each bank urgently needs to establish an effective strategic control system。

　　The theoretical basis for building a bank management and control system

The strategic control system of the bank refers to the senior management of a bank in accordance with the established strategic goal，Drive and control the bank's mechanism for the bank to move towards strategic goals and achieve strategic goals，Including three elements: control standards or performance assessment indicators、Monitoring and reward and punishment system。Control standards must be connected with strategic targets，is the detailedness of strategic goals; monitoring，It is mainly for the execution process of control standards，Bet365 app download Segmentation into measurement、Analysis and feedback; reward and punishment system based on control standard design，Credit the results of the execution of the control standard。

We think，Mechanism Design Theory、& ldquo; The third theory & rdquo; and & ldquo; incentive theory & rdquo;。Mechanism design theory was in the 2007 Nobel Prize winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, Leonid Hurwicz、Eric S. Maskin and Roger B. Myerson jointly founded，It mainly studies how to design an economic mechanism (rules and systems, etc.) under the established economic or social goals，Makes the personal interests of relevant economic activities participants consistent with the set goals of the designer。According to the statement of the design theory of mechanism，A effective economic mechanism must solve two basic problems: First, information efficiency，That is the type and quantity of information，is the minimum information cost; the second is the incentive composition，That is, through some kind of incentives, the relevant economic activities participants also realize the established goals of the mechanism designer while pursuing personal interests。If the bank's strategic control system is regarded as a mechanism，So，Information efficiency and incentive compatibility are also two basic principles for building a bank's strategic control system。

& ldquo; The third theory & rdquo; refers to the system theory、The general name of the three interconnected theories of information bet365 Play online games theory and control theory，It is the crystallization of the collective wisdom of natural science scholars during the first half of the 20th century, especially during the Second World War.，as & ldquo; Crossing Discipline & RDQUO;，It is suitable for both categories of natural science and radiation to social sciences，One of its important results is to reveal the process of & ldquo; any system to achieve its own goals is to achieve the principle of & rdquo;，The influence has not declined to this day。Based on & ldquo; Principles of the Third theory & rdquo; The principle can be inferred: the strategic control system of profit organizations is by target (or control standard)、Feedback (or monitoring) and correction differences。In other words，In a system，The controller's behavior of the controller (human or object) in order to control the control of the controller，It must set goals for the controller、Measure the actual behavior of the controller、Compare the measurement results with the set target、Correct differences according to the results of comparison，Finally, the behavior of the controller meets the set goals。It is worth noting that，In & rdquo; middle，The system is the mechanism in the design theory of the mechanism; the controlled object refers to both people and objects，Including participants in related economic activities in the economic mechanism。& ldquo; The third theory & rdquo; there are many commonality with mechanism design theory，and to a certain extent to provide bet365 live casino games a structured direction for mechanism design theory，But the difference is also obvious，That is & ldquo; the third theory & rdquo; there is no incentive problem when people are not involved in the controller。

Incentive theory originated from psychology，It is an important research area for economics and management，The accumulation of literature is quite rich。Among them, the most related is Maslow's & ldquo; demand hierarchical theory & rdquo;、Herzberg's & ldquo; Double factor theory & rdquo;、McGregor's & ldquo; human nature theory & rdquo;。In the theory of such theory，There are two principles worthy of attention: First, the incentive system is to create such an environment，That is, the organization members also achieved organizational goals while achieving personal goals，This is actually the theory of mechanism design theory & ldquo; incentive compatibility & rdquo; Second, the key role of incentive is to internalize the motivation of organization members，That is, under the condition of incentive existence，Correction of the actual behavior of the controller can not be external，Instead of conscious behavior of the controller。

(Author Unit: School of Economics Management of Tsinghua University)