The discussion on the social responsibility of bet365 bonus code indiana enterprises has a preset theoretical premise,That is, bet365 bonus code indiana enterprises are also enterprises,Enterprises must bear social responsibilities。Follow the path of reforming bet365 bonus code indiana enterprises into legal entities and market competition entities,bet365 bonus code indiana enterprises establish a modern enterprise system,Equal competition with enterprises of other ownership types。In this context,How and what social responsibilities should bet365 bonus code indiana enterprises bear,It becomes a theoretical and practical issue worth studying。In order to correctly understand the social responsibilities of bet365 bonus code indiana enterprises,There are several questions that need to be answered。
A question: Does bet365 bonus code indiana have ideological significance and the guarantee function of the socialist economic system?
China’s state-owned economy is a form of realizing socialist ownership by the whole people,Not a political economy“Dogma”,It is the basic symbol of the socialist economic system with Chinese characteristics。China’s state-owned economy has the general nature of a state-owned economy under market economy conditions,It has the particularity derived from China’s socialist economic system,bet365 bonus code indiana performs its functions effectively、Play your role well,It is an integral part of the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics。Therefore,About“The country retreats and the people advance”or“The country advances and the people retreat”No discussion should ignore such a large institutional background。State-owned economy“Enter”Still“Retreat”It’s just a matter of strategy,Because of the economic environment、Some kind of adaptive adjustment due to changing conditions,And its ideological and institutional guarantee functions can only be strengthened but not weakened。
Second question: bet365 bonus code indiana is a form of realization of ownership by the whole people,Will“Natural”Representing the interests of all people,Promote national welfare?
As the basic principle of socialist political economics,bet365 bonus code indiana is considered to be the realization form of ownership by the whole people。But,As a specific property unit of bet365 bonus code indiana——Wholly state-owned and state-controlled enterprises have adopted the form of independent operation,Have independent economic interests。Without finding an effective institutional structure,State-owned enterprises,Then state-owned economy,Not“Natural”Representing the interests of all people,its investment、The benefits of operations may also have nothing to do with the welfare of the people。The annual salaries of state-owned enterprise executives have been frequently revealed in recent years、Illustrations on maximizing the welfare of state-owned enterprise employees and other issues,bet365 bonus code indiana, as a form of realization of ownership by the whole people and serving the welfare of the whole people, is lacking in institutional arrangements。
Related to this,The scope of control of bet365 bonus code indiana has shrunk,In the context of the decrease in the number of state-owned enterprises, especially central enterprises,The decoupling of corporate leadership levels and administration seems to be in line with the principles of market economy,But it deviates from the "state-owned economy" as a country with public legal personality.;Subrogator”This fundamental nature。This is also the institutional root cause of the so-called problems of state-owned enterprise executive compensation and employee welfare maximization。Leaders of a few very large state-owned enterprises,Because of its enterprise“As rich as a country”、“Fukanbi Province”、Important,Should be appointed on the basis of organizational department,Defining it as "responsible to the National People's Congress";Quasi Official”,Then the number of state-owned investments in major industries、Direction、Cost、Profit distribution and its use,As a matter of deliberation at the annual People’s Congress meetings at all levels。
Relevant to this,The issue of personification of state-owned capital is also worthy of consideration。Currently,The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission serves as the investor of state-owned enterprises,Driving state-owned capital“Personification”Responsibility of the subject。Strictly speaking,The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission is only a specific executive department of the State Council,Exercising specific state-owned assets supervision and management responsibilities is worthy of the title,But in terms of the level and nature of its government departments,As a personified representative of state-owned capital, it is extremely reluctant。Or establish a new state-owned capital department in the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress“Personification”Institutional mechanism representing responsibilities,Or change the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission into a special committee of the National People’s Congress,In response to the people’s demands for the well-being of bet365 bonus code indiana,A possible path to implement bet365 bonus code indiana as a form of ownership by the whole people at the practical level。
Three questions: Does the improvement of profitability and competitiveness mean that the goals of bet365 bonus code indiana economic reform have been achieved?
Since entering the new century,The profitability and competitiveness of my country’s state-owned economy have been greatly improved,This is a huge achievement in the reform and development of bet365 bonus code indiana。But,should see,Causes of improving the profitability and competitiveness of bet365 bonus code indiana,Not all state-owned enterprise executives、The result of employees’ efforts,It is also largely related to the monopoly status and policy support of bet365 bonus code indiana。
Needless to say,Driven by the reform goals of market competition entities and legal entities,bet365 bonus code indiana and its enterprises have lost many of their proper functions or roles in the process of pursuing profits,Appropriate system design and expression should be found in further reforms。For example,Some state-owned enterprises in monopoly industries are subject to the interests of foreign investors in the process of cooperation,Intensified price increase、Eroding national welfare,State-owned enterprises in some competitive fields are in the process of developing a mixed ownership economy,Accommodating the greed of the employer、Injury to the legitimate rights and interests of workers, etc.,They are all manifestations of the lack of role of bet365 bonus code indiana。bet365 bonus code indiana is a form of ownership by the whole people and a country with public legal personality“Subrogator”This fundamental nature,Decided that state-owned enterprises must be in addition to realizing profits,Should and must assume more social responsibilities。
Four questions: Improving the competitiveness and control of bet365 bonus code indiana is mainly to do a good job of ";State-owned enterprises”,Can all local state-owned enterprises exit??
There is a tendency in the process of strategic adjustment of bet365 bonus code indiana,It seems that the adjustment of bet365 bonus code indiana mainly focuses on building ";National Team”,Mainly reflect the nature of bet365 bonus code indiana and national policy intentions through super-large central enterprises,Local state-owned enterprises can“Back off”、“Empty the cage and change the bird”,Give space for development of the private economy and foreign investment。should see,For local state-owned enterprises in certain competitive fields,The above adjustment ideas are not unreasonable,But not always。Competitive central enterprises can stay in competitive fields,But it is unbelievable that competitive local state-owned enterprises must withdraw from competitive fields。If bet365 bonus code indiana in the field of local public utilities also withdraws“Evaporation”Strategy,In terms of theory and policy, it is almost absurd。China is a big country,Every province (autonomous region、Municipality) in terms of its area and population,Resembling a larger country in the world。Cities in China, especially provincial capitals, are very large cities in the world。In this context,bet365 bonus code indiana remains in the local public utility sector,It can monopolize and stably supply high-quality products and services,Provide basic conditions for national life and production of the whole society;It can also be used as an alternative tool for the government to regulate monopolized public utilities,To solve the problem of private monopoly (including foreign monopoly),Typical example is“Yang Water Affairs”——Author’s note) Supervision brings excessive transaction costs,As well as difficult supervision such as providing financial subsidies to private individuals。This necessity has not changed due to the implementation of the strategic adjustment policy of bet365 bonus code indiana。The&ldquo that has attracted much attention in recent years;Yang Water Affairs”The price increase issue once again alerts the government and people,The simple privatization of local public utilities is nothing but a reflection of the 1970s—A replica of the privatization of public utilities in the UK in the 1980s,The government’s public policy intentions will lose support with privatization,National welfare is threatened,The subsequent regulatory issues are more complex and difficult。
The state-owned economic monopoly in the public utility sector will of course trigger new government regulatory issues,There is an urgent need for all people to improve the quality of supervision。But first, anti-monopoly measures should be taken against bet365 bonus code indiana in this field“Except where applicable”’s related arrangements,Cannot be used as antitrust、Simple privatization in the name of introducing competition。For this,Article 7 of my country's "Anti-Monopoly Law" stipulates: Controlling positions in bet365 bonus code indiana、Industries related to the lifeline of the national economy and national security, as well as industries that implement exclusive sales in accordance with the law,The state protects the legitimate business activities of its operators,And implement supervision and regulation on the business activities of operators and the prices of goods and services in accordance with the law,To safeguard the interests of consumers,Promote technological progress。This is a smart idea,The key is to act in accordance with the law。
Five questions: Can the diverse roles of bet365 bonus code indiana be free“Switch”?
China’s state-owned economy has long played a diverse role,And you can move freely between different roles“Switch”。On the surface,This is the most vivid manifestation of bet365 bonus code indiana as a tool of government intervention in economic policy,But it should be noted,bet365 bonus code indiana is just“Tools”,And it carries the welfare of all people,It is the realization form of ownership by the whole people。So,The role of bet365 bonus code indiana as a tool for government intervention in the economy and the carrier of national welfare“Switch”It cannot be free、Random,There should be formal institutional arrangements to ensure it。No doubt,Based on the theory of boundary between public law and private law,Put bet365 bonus code indiana in different fields according to“Public legal person”、“Special legal person”and“Private legal person”Divide by system,It is necessary to clarify the main role that bet365 bonus code indiana should play in different fields,Cannot“Cook in one pot”。
Based on the above understanding,The social responsibility of bet365 bonus code indiana enterprises should include micro aspects、Meso and macro levels,To provide products and services、Creating profits and other economic responsibilities in exchange for social responsibilities,Inherently irresponsible。
(Author’s unit: China bet365 bonus code indiana Economic Research Center of Jilin University)
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