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    Small and medium -sized enterprises financing difficulties，It is not simply due to the lack of consciousness of serving small and medium -sized enterprises such as banks such as banks，Instead, because the information of the borrowing parties is asymmetric，The banks that avoid risks start from the perspective of operating risks and income，More tendency to provide financing services for large enterprises。

    1 Small and medium -sized enterprise financing is difficult to be worldwide

     SMEs from all over the world face the problems of credit financing difficulties to varying degrees。Take the United States as an example，According to relevant research，In terms of bank credit，The gap required by small companies in the United States is at least 20%or more。Financing difficulties are also reflected in the price of loans，For example, in mainland China，Standard Chartered Bank's interest rate on credit loans of SMEs is generally 18%& mdash; 20%，The highest annual interest rate can reach 40%。

    & ldquo; Small and medium -sized enterprises have difficulty financing & rdquo; I have been discussed by the Chinese industry for decades，But how to effectively solve the worldwide problem of the difficulty of financing of small and medium -sized enterprises，There is no clear answer yet，The current situation of difficulty in financing of small and medium -sized enterprises has not fundamentally changed。Even in the area with the highest marketization bet365 live casino games of China in the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta，Small and medium -sized enterprise loans are difficult to solve fundamentally。

    With the implementation of various reform measures such as the establishment of the modern enterprise system of large enterprises，The core enterprise of the supply chain seeks the tendency to maximize its own financial performance。The most important part of which is to transfer inventory and capital pressure to upstream and downstream companies，Increased capital pressure of upstream and downstream SMEs。At the same time，Compared with the international leading large enterprise，Domestic core enterprises are generally unwilling to cooperate with banks to conduct factoring financing for their suppliers (the transfer and confirmation of accounts receivable)，Even some large enterprises directly clarify & ldquo in trade contracts & ldquo; accounts receivables cannot be transferred and traded & rdquo;，Not to mention that core enterprises assume the necessary joint guarantee responsibility for upstream and downstream SMEs。

    In the past two years，Supply chain financing and customized credit quota，It has become the two most important business growth points in the field of mobile fund loans in international banks; but the actual situation of China's supply chain is，Big enterprises occupying small and medium -sized enterprises funds，Make funds from companies with high funding costs to enterprises with low capital costs，The cost of funds that raised the entire supply chain，Finally increased product price。This further deteriorated the financial ecosystem of SMEs，Weaken the competitiveness of China's industry。

    2 Supply Chain Finance is changing SME financial ecosystem

    The emergence of supply chain finance is changing this status quo to a certain extent。Supply Chain Finance generally refers to on the basis of analysis of the internal transaction structure of the supply chain，Self -paid credit model using trade financing，Introduction of core enterprises、New risk control variables such as logistics supervision companies，Provides closed credit support and other settlements for different nodes of the supply chain、Comprehensive financial services such as wealth management。In the traditional SME financing model，Generally, only credit institutions such as commercial banks and small and medium -sized enterprises，Some also need the participation of a third -party guarantor。Supply chain finance is generally centered on the core enterprise and starting point of banks in the supply chain，Flexible use of various financial products and services，Actively link core enterprises with upstream and downstream enterprises，Effectively injected funds into an enterprise with capital demand，Especially injects SMEs in the upstream and downstream facilities in relatively weak，Activate & rdquo;，Improve the efficiency of the use of supply chain funds。

    So，The essence of supply chain finance is that the credit differences of banks using the enterprises on the supply chain，Some behavior of high credit enterprises，Reduce the degree of information asymmetry of both parties and the degree of risk of overall supply chain financing，to effectively control loan risks of low credit enterprises。This model enlarges the credit output of the core bet365 Play online games high -quality enterprises on the entire supply chain，Therefore, while not affecting the profit of the core enterprise and not increasing its risk，Reduce the cost of funds of other SMEs on the supply chain。

    Very obvious，This model changed the financial ecosystem of SMEs，Especially participants' network and cooperation status。Of course，The supply chain itself is the network。Modern supply chain pays more attention to the network chain relationship around core enterprises。Supply Chain Finance strengthened this network relationship，Use financial innovation tools，Improve information asymmetry、Power is not equal、Unbalanced environment and dislike each other，Accelerate the flow speed of various resources in the supply chain，Improve the overall performance of the supply chain。

    Many industries in China have formed a relatively complete industrial chain，It already has the conditions to promote the development of supply chain finance。Although there are still other means to solve the difficulty of financing SMEs，But from the current look，Supply Chain Finance is market -oriented、A good way to solve it with a large scale and lower interest rate level。At present, some banks have launched the corresponding product，If Shenzhen Development Bank covers the supply chain supplier、Core enterprises and dealers' full -process trade financing solutions，Huaxia Bank & ldquo; Win -winning chain & rdquo; series products，Bank of China & ldquo; Ronggaida & rdquo;、& ldquo; Rongxinda & rdquo; and other supply chain financing services。Shenzhen Development Bank, which opened this type of business earlier in China，Positioning of supply chain finance as a position Bet365 lotto review for the development of the bank，The bank、Insurance、Logistics、Industry information service and other supply chain third -party service functions，Integrated as a service platform，Provide one -stop supply chain services to SMEs。

   3 Establish a public financial service chain platform to further solve the problem of information asymmetry

    my country's supply chain finance has made great progress，But there is still a large gap compared to actual needs。From the perspective of the government，In the future, you can start from the following aspects，Promoting the development of supply chain finance。

    First, establish a public financial service chain platform。Establish a comprehensive financial service network platform led by the government economic authority and industry association，Including relevant government agencies such as industrial and commercial、Participate in taxation，and bank interbank、Insurance、Investment Bank、Participate in the guarantee agency, etc.，Therefore, it can truly provide comprehensive for supply chain companies、Multi -level service platform; use this platform，The construction of an online information platform for supply chain financial business can be realized，Emphasize the participation of relevant government departments，Further solve the problem of information asymmetry。

    Second, the assistance of state -owned enterprises' loans of SMEs should be assessed as their social responsibility。State -owned asset management departments at all levels can require the state -owned enterprises (especially direct companies in the central government)，Under the premise of controlling risks，It provides necessary cooperation with banks' upstream and bet365 best casino games downstream financing for banks; can participate in the supply chain finance of state -owned enterprises、Assist SME loans as a social responsibility for state -owned enterprises to assess，To further promote the development of supply chain finance。

    Third, adopt an incentive policy to encourage supply chain finance。The regulatory authorities can raise and set up special funds Bet365 lotto review for the development of supply chain financial development through various channels，A commendation of banks that have made outstanding contributions to SME financing、reward, etc.，Encourage banks to expand the supply chain financial business。For example，A certain tax discount can be given to bank revenue that can financing small and medium -sized enterprises，You can also provide a corresponding proportion of re -loan with the central bank's financing provided by the bank。You can also learn from the & ldquo; ABCDE plan & rdquo; economic mode，The bank directly covers the implementation plan of the major industrial supply chain financial implementation of the main industry with relevant government departments，Provide a certain subsidy with the government。

   (Author Unit: Institute of Industrial and Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Center for Industrial and Enterprise Competitiveness Research Center)

    Please indicate the source:China Social Science Online