Mr. Ning Zongyi is diligent in pursuing the root causes of literary theory issues，His new book "Constructing the Aesthetic History bet365 tennis bet Mind" (Hebei Education Press, September 2022 edition) collects more than 40 excellent works，Divided into upper and lower parts，It was he who devoted himself to studying the history of Chinese literature、The crystallization bet365 tennis bet achievements of more than seventy years of novel and drama aesthetics。

Without a doubt，The focus of literature is people，Literary content should be expression、Incentive、Soothing the soul。Mr. Zongyi is a very serious person in his certification of theoretical concepts，He thinks about the relationship between literature and soul，Previous research articles have not explained it thoroughly，There are very few specialized studies。He strives to construct spiritual aesthetics，Profound attainments in the study of Chinese classical literature, especially the aesthetics of novels and dramas，He is also the first scholar in the history of Chinese literature research to study "Jin Ping Mei" from an aesthetic perspective。As early as more than forty years ago，He began to pay attention to and study this issue。He said: “We might as well study the history of literature as the history of aestheticized mind (history bet365 tennis bet soul)。”This concept is by no means groundless。He starts from the classic texts of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign writers，I found that these sages often directly called their writings "history bet365 tennis bet heart"，Inspired by this，further put forward: “Observe from the perspective of organic whole，The development history of Chinese literature with classic texts as the core，In a certain sense, it is an aesthetic history bet365 tennis bet heart。Or: A history of Chinese literature narrates a history bet365 tennis bet nation’s soul、A spiritual history bet365 tennis bet people、A spiritual history of intellectual elites。” As a adherent of literary standards and textualism，The introduction of this paragraph，It is supported by many research practices on classic texts。

　Discussing the bet365 tennis bet Mind in the Macroscopic Study of Classical Texts

Mr. Zongyi has many macro-level studies on ancient literature，For example, "Research on Chinese Literature and Chinese Society in the 20th Century", "Research on the Mentality of Ancient Writers", "Outline of Chinese Classical Novels", "A Brief Essay on the Schools of Ancient Novels", "Reflections and Orientations bet365 tennis bet Study of Ancient Novels", "Research on Ancient Novels" "A Brief Discussion on the Methodology" "A Brief Discussion on the Research Methodology bet365 tennis bet History of Chinese Opera" "Creating a New Framework for the Art History of Yuan Zaju" "Expanding the Thinking Space of Research on Yuan Opera and Yuan Opera History" "The Blood Relationship between the History of Chinese Opera and Novels"，Wait，They are all magnificent，Sufficient reasons，Unconstrained style，Flowing Water and Moving Clouds，Just like his teaching style。

Mr. Zongyi has always believed that，“A history bet365 tennis bet development of Chinese literature，In a certain sense，It is a vivid movie、Visual、Delicate ‘Heart History’。In short，A history of literature is a history of people’s souls”。He said: “We might as well study the history of literature as the history of aestheticized mind (history bet365 tennis bet soul)，This is a proposition I have adhered to since 1980，Later, at the first symposium on Chinese social history held under the chairmanship of Mr. Feng Erkang bet365 tennis bet Department of History，Once titled "History of Opera, History of Heart, and Social History"，Explained some of my very rough ideas，Now I will talk about my old and new views based on my learning experience in recent years。”This is the formation process of his theoretical framework，I have been thinking about it for decades，Perseverance，Persistent Research，Finally completed the book "Constructing an Aesthetic History bet365 tennis bet Mind"。

Mr. Zongyi is a person who pays attention to theoretical thinking，Accumulated profound theoretical foundation since early years，From the thoughts of Marx and Engels and Chernyshevsky、Belinsky、Dobrolyubov、Literary theory of Plekhanov and others，Go to the United States, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and other countries to write literature about classic writers；From Goethe to Hemingway，From Hegel to Faulkner，From Heine to Gorky；Wait，bet365 tennis bet knows them all by heart，Reading through and reading extensively。bet365 tennis bet has friends who are scholars in various fields such as literature, history and philosophy，Add quick words，Willing to exchange academic opinions，See the talents and think about them together，So his research on ancient literature always has an open macro vision。Also，Ancient Chinese literature is his specialty，From "Huainanzi" to "Wen Xin Diao Long"，Even Zhang Hong in the Tang Dynasty、Keys to painting discussed by Xie bet365 tennis bet and others in the Northern Song Dynasty，bet365 tennis bet can be used to interpret novels，Because poetry, calligraphy and painting have the same origin as the tradition of Chinese culture；Novel theory from Jin Shengtan to Lu Xun，bet365 tennis bet is even more handy，Easy at your fingertips。

What’s even more valuable is，Mr. Zong Yi’s views on domestic modern and contemporary literary writers、Critics’ theoretical perspectives，Also pay great attention，Read carefully the opinions of young scholars and even his students、Often cited。This makes his academic articles stay youthful，Fresh and relevant to the times。In addition, bet365 tennis bet conducted macro-poetic research on the novel，And comprehensive research on novels and dramas，That’s why the articles written are always magnificent、Full of new ideas，bet365 tennis bet is also fluent in language、Quiet words，Readers’ thinking sometimes cannot keep up with the jumping words in his articles。bet365 tennis bet is opposed to the dry textbook language。These ideas are in his academic articles，All have been well reflected。

Mr. Zongyi often sighs，Literary research should not be used as an appendage to certain disciplines，We should "stand on our own"。bet365 tennis bet said: "My worry is: when people are no longer immersed in the poetic world to appreciate the literary spirit and beautiful creation of that genius，Is it a great blessing or a great misfortune for human civilization？I firmly believe，Literature and poetry that promote the truth, goodness and beauty of human beings，Always defend humanity，And the more the times are when the soul is restless，The more we need the comfort of literature，It is irreplaceable，Because，In all humanities，Literature is closest to our hearts。"These penetrating views are the result of hard reading and deep thinking，Although epic novels are monuments built by a nation for itself，But literature does not blindly interpret history，Literature should still have something unique to itself，has its unique functions。This idea allows him to break away from grand narrative historical novels，To find the true meaning of literature in novels。

In this sense，His research on "Jin Ping Mei" is unique。He thinks，This novel completely abandons historical figures and legendary heroes，“It is a business with a strong market color、Thus different from the traditional bureaucratic landlords, the sinful history bet365 tennis bet rise and fall of Ximen Qing's family is the main axis，The truth stated in the name of Song Dynasty，Directly denounce current affairs，Really exposed the darkness bet365 tennis bet middle and upper class society in the late Ming Dynasty、Decadent and irredeemable。The author has the courage to take negative characters in life as protagonists，Directly analyze the ugly things in detail for people to see，Show serious and cold truth”。This novel’s “character convergence”、Broad scene、Huge photo with complicated layout。Spring and Autumn at the Bottom bet365 tennis bet Wrist，Displays the cross-section and longitudinal section of Ming Dynasty society”。This is the unique functionality of a novel，It appears prominently。He proposed，Pay attention to the research on the mentality of ancient writers，While paying attention to Chinese literature and social studies，We also need to conduct research on the spiritual history of ancient Chinese literati。Developed from this，The unique role of literature is well highlighted。

He gave an example，The appearance of "A Dream of Red Mansions" was "after summarizing the artistic experience and lessons of our predecessors，Pushing novel creation to a new stage，Once again, the novel’s aesthetic consciousness has been further awakened”。This book "records for us the history bet365 tennis bet human soul in the most accurate sense"，Also solemnly proposed，This is the "swan song bet365 tennis bet soul" by the "feeling novelist" Cao Xueqin。

He thinks，The lonely Wu Jingzi writes "The Scholars"，It is a cultural reflection on the supremacy of career，It is a true and aesthetic portrayal bet365 tennis bet spiritual journey of ancient literati。I think，In the study of many classical novels by Mr. Zongyi，He seems to pay more attention to the kind that comes from the people、Eating the fireworks bet365 tennis bet world、Down-to-earth literary works，Because he pays attention to the echoes bet365 tennis bet folk soul。

In these papers，bet365 tennis bet is justified、Appropriately quotes many classic writers from ancient and modern times, both at home and abroad、Famous quotes from theorists、Quotes to confirm your judgment。Theoretical heights of foreign classic writers，The profound witticisms of Chinese classical writers and his eloquent theoretical thinking，And its unique way of writing，Knead together，Formed a strict discussion framework and speech network。In his place，You sometimes wow people，Sometimes I fall into deep thought。These words are only after reading the full text，Only by careful consideration can you develop a deep sense of identity，This is the power of theory。We cannot help but admire his theoretical courage and dedication to academics，Mr. Zongyi devoted all his talents and even his whole life to literary research，sonorous aftertaste，Without reservation。

Mr. Zongyi can take the macro perspective of a novel historian，Overview bet365 tennis bet vast number of leading literary works，The foundation of his education is self-evident。He is the main writer bet365 tennis bet humanities version of "A Brief History of Chinese Novels" (edited by the Chinese Department of Nankai University)，The book received rave reviews as soon as it was published，Known as: "concise and concise，Very suitable for making up lessons on Chinese classical novels based on pictures，Systematic changes in content style and genre，Social and author background，Through and thorough comments，A must-read book for the Chinese Department。”Because I have been working in the Novel and Opera Research Laboratory bet365 tennis bet Chinese Department for a long time，Early guidance from famous teachers、My own hard study and study，Make him familiar with Chinese classical novels and operas。What’s more important，He has high theoretical attainments，I often classify and arrange the speeches of theorists at home and abroad, both ancient and modern。He often turns the class into an "aesthetic salon"，So his classes are always crowded、Full house。His articles are like his classroom，Showing "this" person，Guide us to victory with profound and eloquent words。

　　Explain the history bet365 tennis bet soul through detailed research on the works

Mr. Zong Yi is an expert on Chinese classical novels and operas，In addition to theoretical interpretation, his classic text research，Pay more attention to details。He has the four major masterpieces of classical novels at his fingertips、So many treasures，He is also the founder bet365 tennis bet "spiritual theory" of "Jin Ping Mei"。In "Constructing an Aestheticized History bet365 tennis bet Mind"，There are already "Water Margin" and "Jin Ping Mei"、"Three words and two shots"、Case studies of classic novels such as "A Dream of Red Mansions", "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" and "The Scholars"，There are also detailed studies on operas such as "The Romance bet365 tennis bet West Chamber", "The Palace of Eternal Life", "The Peony Pavilion" and "Dou E's Injustice"。Mr. Zongyi’s characteristic is to conduct comprehensive research combining novels and operas，That is, what he often calls "the comprehensive and overall study of novels and operas" and "the simultaneous study of novels and operas"。Read his book，It is equivalent to following him in a large circle in the history of novels and operas，Besides macro theoretical research，We can finally delve into the author’s works more easily，Come to appreciate his case studies。

Research on "Jin Ping Mei"，He thought it was "a masterpiece of a novel"，""The Plum in the Golden Lotus" was not a social curiosity of that era，But a microcosm bet365 tennis bet society of that era"，"The cleverness bet365 tennis bet author of "Jin Ping Mei"，It’s because bet365 tennis bet subject matter he chose that he didn’t need to deliberately write a few tragic characters，But there is a general tragic undercurrent in the novel。Because we clearly see one person after another dying in different forms，And the sum bet365 tennis bet destruction of this series of characters，It foretells and symbolizes the inevitable destruction of this society。This tragedy comes from the tragic consciousness bet365 tennis bet fallen era in the author's mind"。

People usually read works，Mainly focus on the soul bet365 tennis bet characters in the work and the soul bet365 tennis bet readers，But for Mr. Soichi，Except the above two，He also paid special attention to the author。For example，He noticed，The number of characters described by the author in "Jin Ping Mei"、Folk secular、Geographic customs、Prostitute World，Wait。In particular, pay great attention to the author's appropriate language to display various characters，When explaining Wang Po’s manipulation of Ximen Qing, he wrote: “Set a timetable for Ximen Qing to be exposed to ten items，Wang Po’s meticulousness and scheming have been brought to the extreme，She actually said 1016 words in one breath，One can’t help but admire this matchmaker’s language skills。"then proposed，The language of "Jin Ping Mei" is "living"，Completely extracted from life。Interesting and personalized language，Only from opera、This can only be confirmed by speaking and singing literature and unofficial history notes。He said: "When we look at the history bet365 tennis bet development of Chinese literature，You can almost feel the writer’s outpouring of emotion and temperament，If we don’t trace the depth of his soul through his creation，How can we understand the times and the hearts bet365 tennis bet people that these writers feel in their own souls？So we can regard literary history as a vivid, vivid and delicate spiritual history。"Expand with this as the core，Look at the development history of Chinese literature，Only to the aestheticized history bet365 tennis bet soul，This is the inevitable result of his in-depth research。

Research on "Three Words and Two Patterns"，He is also classified carefully，Accurate interpretation，And proposed: "The publication of 'Three Words' and 'Er Pai'，Promoted the mutual penetration and influence of various literary and artistic styles，Especially it has a closer relationship with rap art and opera。Drama and novels borrow themes from each other、Adapted，Greatly promoted the prosperity of popular literature and art。”He also classified the social life displayed in the novel，Pay special attention to the officialdom、Merchant、Restaurant、Borthel，Wait，Especially in interpersonal relationships、The common people、Analysis and examples of love between men and women，It’s a treasure trove、Speakingly、Detailed。As for going into the details of specific chapters and analyzing the psychology of various characters，It goes straight to the depths bet365 tennis bet soul，Amazing，Admired。He used substantial research to prove that "Three Words and Two Pats" writes "the spiritual history of ordinary people in the market"。

There are always endless descriptions of great works。Mr. Zong Yi has a "strategy" for interpreting "A Dream of Red Mansions"，He insisted on “pursuing the text bet365 tennis bet soul”。Haohao "Red Learning"，Many experts，Paper clouds，Constant debate。The great times、Ideological meaning，As small as language、Utensils，The boundless sea of ​​learning，Endless exploration，This is the power of classics。However，He still insists on starting from the text，Thinks: “It is human character that pays more attention to the essence of literature and art、Psychology，It is the subjectology of human spiritual activities。It is the soul that makes people bid farewell to the way of life of eating hair and drinking blood，It is the soul that makes people understand creation、Beauty and values，It is the soul that makes people learn to distinguish between love and hate、Noble and humble、Thinking and Blind Obedience。The ultimate concern of all great writers is precisely the freedom of human soul。”He thinks，The spiritual connotation of "A Dream of Red Mansions" is very difficult to grasp，Like the interpretation of Lin Daiyu，Mr. Zongyi analyzed the plot bet365 tennis bet novel in detail。He entered Rongguo Mansion from Daiyuchu、Start with three examples of Zijuan testing Jia Baoyu and Baoyu being beaten，Detailed explanation of Daiyu’s psychological activities，And explained in detail the question "Why is Lin Daiyu so awkward"，In the intertwining of complexity and contradiction，Revealing the hidden dignity bet365 tennis bet soul。

Mr. Zongyi pays attention to text research，But we are not opposed to textual research，He emphasized the “epoch-making” role bet365 tennis bet text，Remind researchers not to be too obsessed with textual research；It is good to treat textual research as a science，But there is no need to boast about it。If "limited by knowledge，Only trees for the trees，Missing the forest”，It will obscure the essence bet365 tennis bet great work。He repeatedly emphasized: "What I object to is textual research for the sake of textual research，Believe that only textual research is true knowledge，And then sneer at all studies of literary aesthetics。For these overly biased academic styles and discussions，Of course it’s hard to agree with it。" He insisted that textual research should not obscure aesthetic vision: "I think，Interpretation of "Dream of Red Mansions"，It is always a process of dialogue and sub-dialogue that will never end。”He cherishes the details of this novel，Persistently retain the imaginative world that the author gives readers，I am afraid that a single textual research will obscure the infinite space bet365 tennis bet soul。

This is especially true for opera research。Mr. Zongyi thinks，Guan Hanqing's "Single Sword Club" is a script written in poetry，The climax and focus bet365 tennis bet whole play are concentrated in the ending。He said: "Guan Yunchang's aria is very impressive from the beginning。‘Go to the east bet365 tennis bet Yangtze River’，It is a very magnificent picture，That kind of huge waves，The scenery bet365 tennis bet river that reaches the sky and bathes in the moon，vast and vast，Flow to the East，It is majestic，Outline with large strokes，Get the head start，Lift our spirits”，"It can be imagined that Guan Hanqing wrote "Single Sword Club" very emotionally，Those verses in the script that make the sound of gold and stone falling to the ground，I think it is the best portrayal bet365 tennis bet shared soul between the author and the hero。Writing by the author，Always have something to say，There must be a pen that sheds tears”。He emphasized Guan Hanqing’s method of expressing the soul，It is the word "bi" in poetry，At the same time, "two sets of pen and ink" were used，Captures the "whole soul" bet365 tennis bet main character，Express the spirit bet365 tennis bet object，Pass the God，Write your heart”。He also specifically mentioned the song "Standing on Horses to Listen" in the script: "Comparing the flowing river water to 'twenty years of endless blood of heroes'，Not an ordinary way of expressing nostalgia for the past，But it is permeated with the playwright’s deeper historical feelings。All of this allows people to see the true feelings bet365 tennis bet character Guan Yu in the play，It also makes people feel Guan Hanqing's feelings - the playwright clearly expressed his thoughts，Ingeniously and artistically, he confided to the audience through Guan Yu's mouth。”

Analysis of numerous opera details，Not only is everything perfect，And it hits people’s hearts，He learned from the tunes of these dramas，Read the character’s psychological and emotional journey。For example, when talking about the drama "Jade Mirror Terrace"，He thinks there’s more to it than just making people laugh，It reflects the undercurrent of life；The drama "Xie Tianxiang" is "another perspective bet365 tennis bet spiritual world"；As for the detailed analysis of classic plays such as "The Romance bet365 tennis bet West Chamber" and "The Peony Pavilion"，Even more amazing、Like being in a drama、Digging into the soul。

Mr. Ning Zongyi has a rich academic background、Quick thinking、Thorough analysis，Profoundly grasp the essence of Chinese classical novels and operas。The "history of mind" research method he created，Let us experience the true feelings written by ancient classic writers with sincerity，His "Constructing an Aesthetic History bet365 tennis bet Mind" allows readers to follow his train of thought，To enjoy the infinite beauty bet365 tennis bet essence of ancient Chinese literature，To understand the shock that the history bet365 tennis bet soul brings to us。Re-read great works such as "Jin Ping Mei", "A Dream of Red Mansions" and "The Peony Pavilion" from now on，You will definitely have "a special feeling in your heart"。

(bet365 tennis bet’s affiliation: School of Liberal Arts, Nankai University)