On the issue of wine，People often "turn over"。Actually，So is the law。Looking at legal history，Many countries around the world banned alcohol in the 20th century，The ban was later lifted，Made into disgrace。For example，Iceland banned alcohol in 1915，bet365 mobile betting lifted in 1922 (except beer)；bet365 mobile betting of alcohol in Canada in 1918，bet365 mobile betting lifted in 1920；The Soviet Union banned alcohol in 1985，Forced to lift the ban again in 1987。More interesting is Hungary: Alcohol bet365 mobile betting on March 21, 1919，The ban was lifted on August 1 of that year，Only lasted more than four months。

In the case of alcohol bet365 mobile betting’s “rollover”，The most famous is the United States in the early 20th century。U.S. bet365 mobile betting requires more than just legislation，And rise to the constitution。This is the first time the modern constitution has come face-to-face with alcohol，Perhaps the only time。And in this confrontation，Constitutional failure。

The focus of the story is the 18th Amendment to the United States Constitution that took effect in 1920。This amendment stipulates，A nationwide ban on alcohol brewing in the United States、Sales and Shipping。Soon，Over the objections of President Wilson，The House and Senate passed the National bet365 mobile betting Act，Refined the provisions of the amendment。What exactly is “wine”?？The National bet365 mobile betting Law defines it this way: alcohol content 0.All drinks above 5 degrees。In other words，Not only liquor is prohibited，Almost all low-alcohol alcoholic beverages and alcoholic beverages are prohibited。According to this standard，Not good with beer，The low-alcohol fruit wine or pineapple beer commonly found in convenience stores today will not work either；Even the cooking wine that Chinese people use for cooking today is not good。It can be seen from this，How strict was bet365 mobile betting in the United States at that time。Someone may ask，The United States has always been considered to value individual choice，Why is there such a strict ban on alcohol？

In simple terms，Americans in the 19th century，Drinking really hard。According to statistics，First half of the 19th century，American per capita bet365 mobile betting consumption is twice what it was in 2000，Sometimes even more。This has triggered social concerns and moral panic，The main factors are as follows。

First, religious reasons。Everyone knows，The United States has a strong Protestant tradition，Protestantism has strict requirements on personal conduct and life ethics，There is even a tradition of asceticism。19th century，Domestic violence caused by alcoholism、Problems such as prostitution and gambling，Causing opposition from devout Protestants。These believers launched the temperance movement，Even promoted the passage of laws prohibiting alcohol in some states such as Maine。These people who advocate bet365 mobile betting of alcohol are vividly called "drys"，They believe that alcoholism is a manifestation of desire and sin。Those who oppose alcohol bet365 mobile betting are called "wet"，Mainly represented by Catholics and Lutherans in Protestantism。The struggle between the dry faction and the wet faction continues。

The second is feminism。Domestic violence caused by alcoholism makes women angry。So，The women’s movement began to unite with religious organizations and other progressive forces，The Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) was formed，Gaining support from more and more women。Frances Willard, the former president of WCTU, once highlighted the image of "alcoholic's wife" in his speech，Depicts the scene of a man going home after drinking and beating his wife and children，Thought bet365 mobile betting was “a mother and daughter affair、The war between sisters and wives”。And，The end of the 19th century was the time when American women fought for the right to vote，Politicians are trying to win women’s votes，Often choose to support bet365 mobile betting。

The third is the process of industrialization。With the comprehensive industrialization of the United States in the second half of the 19th century，A large number of men began to enter the factory。Compared with the relatively relaxed and free atmosphere of agricultural society，The factory environment is more mechanized and disciplined。Industrial workers are under tremendous pressure，Of course drinking is indispensable to relieve boredom。However，This leads to frequent absenteeism and accidents，Affect production efficiency。Therefore，Industrial giants such as Ford and Carnegie also supported alcohol bet365 mobile betting。In addition，As the core product of the development of American industrialization，Cars enter thousands of households。Compared to the horse-drawn carriage era，Drunk driving becomes more dangerous。This also triggered a social fear of alcohol。

The fourth is ethnic factors。With the development of industrialization，A large number of immigrants from Europe enter the United States。These new immigrants especially like to drink: Germans love to drink beer (and are better at brewing)，Irish people love to drink whiskey。Protestants believe that these new immigrants are morally corrupt，So bet365 mobile betting was associated with the nativist movement。At first，German immigrants also organized opposition forces，Become the main force of the "Wet Sect"，Oppose bet365 mobile betting。However，After the outbreak of World War I，The United States and Germany become enemies，German immigration forces are suppressed in the United States，Germany’s image has also begun to be vilified，The power of the "Shit Sect" begins to decline，The call for alcohol bet365 mobile betting also became mainstream。

Ten thousand trickles of water eventually merge into the sea。Before bet365 mobile betting was passed，In the hearts of most Americans，Wine combines all evil elements，Alcoholism symbolizes all kinds of indulgence。So，In the name of morality，With the authority of the Constitution，The United States begins to prohibit alcohol。After bet365 mobile betting was passed，The federal government sent more than 1,500 police officers to enforce the law that year。Supporters firmly believe，bet365 mobile betting will endure like other constitutional amendments。Senator Morris Sheppard, known as the "Father of bet365 mobile betting," even said，Repeal of bet365 mobile betting is as impossible as "a hummingbird flying to Mars with the Washington Monument tied to its tail"。

However，There is an old Chinese saying: “The method alone is not enough to do it on your own。”The effect of bet365 mobile betting is very bad。After all，Although not everyone drinks every day，But not everyone can stay away from alcohol all their lives。People are always happy or depressed sometimes，Always want to drink when we are together or alone。Although drinking is not strictly necessary，But there is always a need。bet365 mobile betting is not actually a fight against drinking，But fight against human nature。However，The law cannot turn everyone into a "saint"。

There is demand，Supply is available。To ban bet365 mobile betting from the source，Difficult to reach the sky。After all，Wine-making technology is not high-tech，As long as there is yeast，You can brew it at home，Not to mention there is an underground winery。Government supervision cannot be perfect all the time。So，A large number of underground wineries have emerged in American society，Private brewing is popular。But this raises a new problem: due to uneven private brewing technology，A large number of fake and inferior wines are rampant，On the contrary, it endangers people’s health。

It is also difficult to ban the transportation of alcohol。Domestic shipment not allowed，Just ship it from abroad。At that time，Neighboring countries such as Canada and Mexico，Even European countries，Not prohibiting alcohol。And，Due to alcohol bet365 mobile betting in the United States，The brewing industry in these countries has developed and grown。So，Smuggling alcohol into the United States from Canada and France is becoming more and more common。To confront law enforcement officers，A large number of underworld forces have also risen as a result。The protagonist of the famous novel "The Great Gatsby" sells bootleg liquor，From a poor boy to "new money"。The Corleone family, the gangster in the classic movie "The Godfather", also made their fortune from bootlegging。This kind of smuggling has even caused some international controversies，So much so that Churchill said that American bet365 mobile betting was "an insult to the entire history of mankind"。

Prohibiting sales is even harder。Openly close the bar and tavern，Then go underground。Many black bars came into being，And there are slang terms，Call "Speakeasy"，It means whispering。Similar to saying，A drunkard gets into a small restaurant，Whisper to the boss "Is there any juice?"，The boss whispered "Yes"，So start trading。The underground bar will also have a concierge，Used to identify the police。And it’s because I drank secretly，On the contrary, it makes people drink more。Not only the common people，Even President Harding had a private wine cellar in the White House，And it’s always full，Even though he voted for bet365 mobile betting when he was a senator。

What’s even more unexpected is，Due to brewing, selling and buying bet365 mobile betting, you now run the risk of breaking the law and committing crimes，The price of bet365 mobile betting on the black market has increased，Drinking has become more expensive。This triggered a chain effect: many people began to invest in the underground liquor industry in order to make huge profits，Wine-making、Smuggled、Sold，All are here。A huge industry began to develop，And it comes with gang protection and bribes to government officials，Corruption is getting worse。

This is not over yet。Due to selling alcohol and going underground，No tax on alcoholic beverages，The overall income of the underground industry has increased。Corresponding to it，The government lost US0 million in annual fiscal revenue；The irony is，In order to combat the underground industry，The government also needs to increase financial investment every year，It is simply the opposite of “increasing revenue and reducing expenditure”。After one operation，The government is getting poorer，Gang bosses and corrupt officials are getting richer。To make matters worse，Less than ten years after bet365 mobile betting，The Great Depression Begins in 1929，The U.S. government is financially stretched。

There are even more outrageous things。There are exceptions to the law，Alcohol bet365 mobile betting is no exception。For example，In accordance with legal provisions，Alcohol for medical purposes is not restricted。So，This exception is quickly exploited by alcoholics: they want to drink，Just ask a doctor for a prescription，Go buy whiskey；Many people even pretend to be sick and ask for alcohol。The final consequences are staggering: according to statistics，After the introduction of bet365 mobile betting，Medical whiskey consumption exceeds 4.5 million liters in one year，Doctors made approximately million in ten years by writing “fake” prescriptions。

In short，After the implementation of bet365 mobile betting，Those who should drink are still drinking，And the price is higher。Rich and powerful people can always get drinks without worrying，Common people and poor people cannot drink anymore。Drinking has become a privilege，Society is becoming more unequal。Old problems such as domestic violence and gambling caused by alcoholism are still there，New problems such as underworld and corruption have increased。final，Americans are once again filled with dissatisfaction，The 21st Amendment to the Constitution was finally passed in 1933，Repeal of bet365 mobile betting。The United States has only passed about 27 amendments in more than 200 years since its founding，bet365 mobile betting and lifting of alcohol ban account for two items。

The example of bet365 mobile betting shows，If legislators directly transform lofty moral ideals into laws，Not only will it fail to execute，And it will have unintended consequences。This kind of legislation cannot improve social moral standards，On the contrary, it may harm society。There is an ancient Roman legal proverb: "The law does not force people to make things difficult"，Exactly what it means。

Of course，What we are talking about here is the situation where rules are formulated for members of the entire society，bet365 mobile betting does not mean that the law cannot set high standards for certain groups of people。For specific positions and occupations，bet365 mobile betting can and should be strictly required。But laws must be made for the general public，Special consideration must be given to whether bet365 mobile betting is easy to comply、Is bet365 mobile betting in line with ordinary people’s standards、Is bet365 mobile betting consistent with common human nature。"Sun Tzu's Art of War" says: "Those who are good at fighting，Seeking the potential，Not responsible for others。"This is how war is fought，The same is true for legislation。

　(The author is an associate professor at Tsinghua University bet365 mobile betting School)