On the question of wine,People often "flip"。Actually,The law is the same。Looking at the history of the law,Many countries in the world have banned alcohol in the 20th century,After another ban,Make a gray face。For example,1915 Iceland ban alcohol,Disables in 1922 (except beer); Canadian alcohol in 1918,Disables in 1920;,was forced to ban again in 1987。More interesting is Hungary: March 21, 1919 Forbidden Bine,August 1st of that year,Only for more than four months。
In the example of the ban on alcohol,The most famous is the United States in the early 20th century。U.S. forbidden alcohol is not only legislative,and rise to the constitution。This is the first time that the Modern Constitution has confronted the front with wine,Perhaps it is also the only time。In this confrontation,Constitution defeat。
The focus of the story is Article 18 of the "American Constitution" in 1920。This amendment regulations,Breakthrough brewing in the United States、Sales and transportation。immediately,Opposition to President Wilson,The House of Representatives passed the National Banning Law,Refined the requirements of the amendment。What is the "wine"? The National Banning Law is so defined: All beverages with alcohol content of 0.5 degrees。That is to say,Not only does it prohibit spirits,and prohibit almost all low wine and alcoholic beverages。According to this standard,Beer is not good,Low fruit wine or pineapple beer in convenience stores today is not working; even today Chinese cooking wine for Chinese people is not good。This can be seen,How strict the ban on the banquet of the United States at that time。Some people may ask,The United States, which has always been considered Bet365 app download to respect the choice of personal,Why is it so strict with alcohol?
Simply put,19th -century Americans,Drinking is really fierce。According to statistics,In the first half of the 19th century,The per capita consumption of the United States is twice the 2000,Sometimes even more。This has aroused concern at the social level and panic at the moral level,There are mainly the following factors。
One is religious cause。Wish to know,There is a strong traditional religion in the United States,and Protestantism strictly requires strict requirements for personal character and life,Even the tradition of asceticism。19th Century,domestic violence caused by alcoholism、嫖 和 and gambling problems,Treating the opposition from the devout neollaboles。These believers launched a ban on alcohol,It even promotes some states such as Maine through legal alcohol。These people who advocate alcohol are vividly called "Drys" (DRYS),They believe that alcoholism is a concentration of desire and sin。Those who oppose the ban on alcohol are called "wet" (wet),It is mainly represented by Catholic and the new religion.。The struggle between the dry and wet faction has continued。
The second is feminism。Family violence caused by alcoholics made women indignant。So,Female movement began to combine with religious organizations and other progressive forces,Established the Women's Christian Banquet Alliance (WCTU),Get more and more women's support。Frances Willard, who was the chairman of WCTU, once highlighted the image of "the wife's wife" in the speech,Draw the scene of a man who drinks and fights at his wife and children,I think the ban on alcohol is "a mother and daughter、War of Sisters and Wife "。and,At the end of the 19th century, it was the era when American women fighting for voting,Politicians in order to fight for women's votes,bet365 live casino games I often choose to support forbidden alcohol。
Third is the industrialization process。With the full industrialization of the United States in the second half of the 19th century,A large number of men start entering the factory。Compared with the relatively loose and freedom at the agricultural society,The environment of the factory is more mechanized and disciplined。Industrial workers are under great pressure,Naturally, drinking and relief。But,This also causes misunderstanding of absenteeism.,Affect production efficiency。Therefore,Industrial giants such as Ford and Carnegie also support forbidden alcohol。other,As the core product of the development of industrialization in the United States,Cars enter thousands of households。Compared to the Jockey Car Age,Drunk driving starts to become more dangerous。This also aroused the fear of wine at the social level。
Fourth is the ethnic factors。With the development of industrialization,A large number of immigrants from Europe entered the United States。These new immigrants particularly love to drink: Germans love to drink beer (good at brewing),Irish people love to drink whiskey。Protestants think these new immigrants are corrupted,So the ban on alcohol is associated with the localist movement。Initial,German immigrants also organized opposition forces,The main force of becoming "wet",Opposition to ban alcohol。But,After the outbreak of World War I,The United States and Germany become enemies,German immigration forces are suppressed in the United States,The image of Germany has also begun to be ugly,"Wet School" power starts micro,The call for banned wine also occupies the mainstream。
Wanjuan fine water finally flows into the sea。The ban on the banquet passed the previous,In most Americans's hearts,The wine gathers all sinful factors,Alcoholism symbolizes all kinds of indulgence behavior。So,In the name of moral,With bet365 best casino games the authority of the Constitution,The United States starts to ban alcohol。After passing the ban on the banquet,The federal government sent more than 1,500 police to law enforcement。supporters firmly believe,The ban on wine will be as long as other constitutional amendments。Senator Morris Sheppard, a senator known as the "Father of the Banquet", even puts it out,Abolition of the ban on the ban is like "a hummingbird with a Washington Monument to Mars"。
But,Chinese ancient saying is good: "The apprentice method is not enough。"The effect of the alcohol ban is very bad。After all,Although not everyone drinks every day,But not everyone can drip alcohol for life。When people always have happiness or depression,Always when gathered or lonely, want to drink some。Drinking is not just needed,But always have demand。Forbidden alcohol is actually not fighting with drinking,Instead of fighting with human nature。But,The law does not turn everyone into a "saint"。
Demand,There is supply。To ban alcohol from the source,Difficult to board the sky。After all,Brewing technology is not a high -tech,As long as there are yeast,You can brew at home,Not to mention the underground winery。Government's supervision cannot always have no dead ends at all times。So,A large number of underground wineries appeared in American society,Private brewing prevails。But this has triggered a new problem: due to the uneven private technology,A large amount of fake wine and inferior wine flood,Instead of harming people's health。
It is also difficult to prohibit wine transportation。Do not let domestic transport,Foreign transport。At that time,Neighbors such as Canada and Mexico,and even European countries,I can't ban alcohol。and,Due to the US banquet,The brewing industry in these countries is developing and growing。So,Smu liquor from Canada and France has become more and more bet365 best casino games common to enter the United States。To fight law enforcement officers,A large number of triads also rose。The protagonist of the famous novel "The Great Gatsby" is based on a private wine,From the poor boy to "new money"。The gangster in the classic movie "The Godfather" Corion family also sent a private wine。This smuggling behavior has even triggered some international controversy,So that Churchill said that the US alcohol ban is "insult to the entire human history"。
It is even harder to prohibit sales。Close Bar Restaurant,Then turn to underground。Many black bars came into being,and produced black words,called "Speakeasy",means the meaning of theft。Similar to saying,The alcoholic drill into a small restaurant,whispered to the boss, "Is there any juice",The boss whispered "Some",So start trading。The underground bar will also make a special look at the gatekeeper,Used to distinguish the police。And because it is a stealing drink,On the contrary, it makes people drink much。Not only this,Even President Harding also made a private wine library in the White House,and it has always been full,Even when he is a senator, he voted to support sake ban。
What is even more unexpected is,Due to the risks of illegal crimes because of brewing wine and wine,The price of wine in the black market has increased,Drinking is expensive。This triggers the chain effect: Many people start investing in the underground wine industry for huge profits,brewing、smuggling、Sell,All are here。A huge industry starts to develop,and accompanied by the protection of the gangsters and bribes of government officials,Corruption therefore intensified。
This is not over yet。Due to the transfer of wine to the ground,Alcohol does not need to be taxed,The overall income of the underground industry has increased。Correspondingly,The government has lost $ 500 million in fiscal revenue per year; ironic Bet365 app download is,To combat underground industries,The government will increase financial investment every year,It is the opposite of the "open source throttling"。Operated a pass,The government is getting poorer,Gangster leaders and corrupt officials are getting richer。Well worse is,less than ten years after the prohibition order is implemented,1929 Economic Great Depression Start,The US government's finance is stretched。
And more outrageous。There are exceptions to the law,Forbidden alcohol is no exception。For example,According to the law,Alcohol for medical use is not limited。So,This exception is quickly used by alcoholic: drink,Just find a doctor to open a prescription,Go to buy whiskey; even many people pretend to be sick and drink。The final consequences are amazing: according to statistics,After the ban is issued,Medical whiskey consumption in one year exceeds 4.5 million liters,During ten years, doctors earn about $ 40 million through the "fake" prescription。
In short,After the prohibition order is implemented,The person who should drink is still drinking,and the price is higher。People with rich and powerful people can always get wine and drink without worrying,Civilians and poor people can’t drink it。Drinking has become a privilege,Society is even more unequal。Old problems such as domestic violence and gambling caused by alcoholism are still,New problems such as triads and corruption have increased。Last,Americans are resentment again,Finally passed the Constitution Amendment in 1933,Abolition of the ban on alcohol。In the 200 years of the founding of the United States, only about 27 amendments,Forbidden alcohol and banning the ban occupied two。
Examples of the ban on alcohol indicate,If the legislators transform the lofty moral ideals directly into law,Not only will it cause it to be unable to execute,bet365 live casino games And there will be unexpected consequences。This legislation cannot improve the level of social morality,It may endanger society。Ancient Roman Dharma saying: "The law is not strong",This means。
Of course,What is said here is to formulate rules for members of the entire society,does not mean that the law cannot set high standards for specific people。For specific positions and occupations,Yes, it should be strictly required。But to formulate the law for the general public,It is necessary to consider whether it is easy to obey、Does it meet the standards of ordinary people、Is it in line with universal humanity。"Sun Tzu's Art of War" said: "So good warrior,Not responsible for people,Not responsible for people。"" Fighting this,Legislation is the same。
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