American science fiction novelist and researcher Scottia believes: "Science fiction novelist is a professional maker of ideological experiments in the real sense。"as a science fiction as an experiment，It is a ideological experiment based on "what if" (if ... then ...)，Some kind of rewritation or replacement of real world rules，How does it affect human nature、Social and even civilization itself。As one of the best science fiction writers in contemporary China，Liu Cixin created a series of science fiction works on gene editing and human enhancement issues，Corresponding ideological experiments of the positive and negative function of gene editing technology in different scenarios。

Since the "He Jiankui Incident" in 2018，The technical risk of human gene editing has triggered worry from all walks of life。So far，my country has promulgated a series of laws and regulations and ethical specifications that strictly regulate gene editing risks。For example, Article 1009 of the "Civil Code" stipulates，Gene editing "Do not endanger human health，Do not violate ethical morals，Do not damage public interests "。Despite this，Technology related to gene editing、Ethics and legal disputes continues。People are doubtful: If gene editing is technically effective and effective in treating the hereditary disease of humans (embryo)，Is there any ethical or legal reasons for gene editing? and then，The safety and effective gene editing of severe diseases bet365 Play online games if healing (genetic) severe disease is acceptable，Can the safe and effective "extended life" or "enhanced intelligence" enhancement enhancement enhancement (enhancement) accept it? For the former，The academic community generally believes that under the premise of ensuring technical security and legitimate procedures，Gene editing The treatment of diseases can be argued ethically。The latter is extremely controversial for academic circles。Thinners who support human enhancement are Roses、Nokk、Devin, etc.，and the opponents include Habermas、Sander、Fushan, etc.。

Liu Cixin in his short story "Life" (2003)，Gene editing experiment "manufacture" a fetus that can inherit the mother's memory and has high cognitive ability，，The fetus forced to impose a deep fear and trouble for the self and the world，Eventually, the fetus ended his life before birth。Reinforcement enhanced from the outside，It is possible to destroy people's subjective dignity，That is the possibility of free will to determine the free will，This may be the enlightenment of the "Life" ideological experiment。In the middle work "Supporting Humans" (2005)，Liu Cixin conceived under the guarantee and governance of gene editing and artificial intelligence，Social consequences with "private property cannot be violated" as the principle of absolute constitution: the emergence of the "bullies" who occupy all wealth。When artificial intelligence can replace human labor production，Gene editing can directly enhance the knowledge of knowledge，"Extraorders" becomes a kind of essential bet365 Play online games difference with other humans，and do not need to rely on the ultimate species of others: "The rich and the poor are no longer the same species，Just like the poor and dogs are not the same species，The poor are no longer human。"" Supporting humans "through the structure of" perfect "gene editing and artificial intelligence technology blessing，Deed and reveals the subversion of society after the infinite expansion of private property protection，Extreme consequences of absolutely absolute principle of "private property cannot be violated"，Reverse proof of reasonable restrictions on this assumption principle。

Liu Cixin's reflection and criticism of gene editing，shows his respect and love of the dignity and free will of human beings，and the significance of the social conditions and legal principles required for human society to maintain freedom and equality。Not only that，Liu Cixin also competes in the (nation) state competition and human survival，Think about the positive potential of gene editing。Basic Technical Setting of the Angel Times (1998)，Dr. Eita, from Sanbia, Africa, invented the gene editing computer programming technology，It can be programmed for direct genes of fertilized eggs。Sanbia children who fuse the plant gene，You can eat grass and leaves，This setting clearly expresses the possibility of gene editing as a tool that improves living conditions and improves living ability。For the third world country with lack of resources，Gene editing technology may become an important means to solve food shortages and bad environment。

But，UN Biological Treaty bet365 Play online games promoted by Western countries stipulates the "highest ban" of human gene editing，Refuse to admit the legal personality of Sanbia gene editing "individual"，The name of international law and universal ethics，Sanbia, which uses human enhancement of gene editing technology with "illegal" punishment "illegal"。Captain Blair, Captain of the U.S. warships, expressed the "mainstream" ethical thinking in the novel: "Reinning to human genes is equivalent to placing humans in the same position as the machine he can make at will，This will destroy the entire legal system and ethical system foundation of modern civilization。"" The mouth of the intelligent U.S. commander Philix，Liu Cixin expressed the reflection on the above views: First of all，The ethics that prohibits humans from "making people" originated from a specific religious culture，and there is no similar taboo in Sanbian culture。Next，The development of technological development of Western World abortion and IVF has long broke through the "first ethics"。Last，In the battle of the disparity of conventional military forces，Sanbia's "Flying Man" created by gene editing successfully resisted the coalition attack，Maintenance of national independence and national sovereignty。At the end of the story，Dr. Ita expressed his ethical concept: "Even in the so -called civilized world，As long as there is need，Ethics is the second place ... Flying，This is the oldest dream of human beings，No one can resist its temptation。You will see，The devil imagined does not exist，The Angel era is coming ... "

In the expansion version bet365 live casino games of "Angel Times", "Devil's Block" (2008)，Liu Cixin further discussed the gene editing "Unavoidable"。This is because future social human warriors are afraid of sacrifice，Unwilling to fight，Only soldiers edited by gene can bear the responsibility of war，This is the origin of the "creation project" in the story。Like the preface of Hobbes "Livatin"，The person in charge of the project said that the creation project is to imitate God to make people，，This causes a series of ethical problems。For example，Remnant and loser for gene editing，How to "deal"? "Human" of mixed other species of genes，Is it still human? At the end of the story，Dr. Ora found the optimal gene combination of human and other species of genes，that is, 10%of other species genes。Liu Cixin named Dr. Ora's ethical position as "communism of species": "If genes between different human races can be combined，The continuation of the great life on the earth，Why can't genes between different species be combined? … To realize the excessive world of equality of all species。”

In the short -story "Micro Age" (2001) like a fairy tales (2001)，Liu Cixin imagined in the context of the survival crisis of the earth，Gene editing and nanotechnology to create a beautiful ending of the human "micro percentage"。The description of the story is the astronauts who returned to the earth after the earth disaster，It is also the last "human"。He found that there are no ways to save the human civilization that has been mobilized in the depths of the stars or the depths of the stratum or the wandering earth，On the occasion of despair, bet365 best casino games he found that human civilization is still renewed in a specific way。This originated from a genetic engineer to shrink the human volume of 1 billion times to create a "micro man"，"Micro Man" inherits all the existing knowledge and civilization of human beings，But their 100 billion population only needs one -one -one -one -100th of resources on the earth。At the level of material life，Humans of Micro Eyes have truly realized the communism distributed on demand。Therefore，Humans of Micro Eylons are carefree，Social form of "the comprehensive and free development of each individual into the basic principles"。

In works such as "Angel Times" and "Micro Age"，Liu Cixin criticized the thinking boundary of gene editing from the perspective of personal rights and subject dignity，The dialectical meaning of gene editing in the national country and even the survival of human civilization。First，science fiction thought experiments by gene editing，Liu Cixin's work shows that human rights are not just a political or property right，It also includes collective rights such as survival and development rights，It even includes the power of continuation of humans as the overall civilization。Next，At the level of international relations and international law，Liu Cixin's works remind us，Gene editing may be the problem of solving poverty in the third world.、A powerful weapons that enhance the national quality and fight against unfair international order。Last，Facing the earth disaster and the cosmic crisis，Liu Cixin's works hint，Human "inevitable" will use gene editing、Artificial intelligence Bet365 lotto review and other technical methods to transform itself and respond to crisis。So，It is necessary to surpass the simple "risk prevention principle"，Discuss a more in -depth discussion about gene editing technology in different scenarios。

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