A while ago，Jiachen Dragon year less than 30 days less than the year of Guili Rabbit, which caused a discussion in the astronomical enthusiast group where the author is located，Related media also carried out relevant popular science。In simple terms，Because the Tai Ying calendar and the solar calendar are based on the operating cycle of the moon and the sun, respectively，Therefore, of course in the results of the chronological year。But whether it is the cycle of the monthly phase or the cycle of the Earth revolution，Actually not an integer，Therefore, there will always be some "manual correction" of calendar。For example, the Tai Yinglin will set up "Leading Month"，Set "Leap Years"。For this artificial correction phenomenon，It can be understood as a conceptual supplement to the "surplus time" caused by the operation of the sky。Someone even thinks，The so -called "Sky myth" is a romantic expression that supplements this time。After all, the ancients explained when explaining the phenomenon of the age of age，Also use common workers to hit Zhou Shan, which leads to "the northwest，Falling the Southeast "to explain，and this is also the direct reason for the legendary "son -in -law to supplement the sky"。

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The phenomenon of the age of age is directly related，This is enough to explain the complexity of astronomical observations，It indicates that the ancients had observed the data deviation of the astronomical operating data and data remaining。Even if the operating cycle of the celestial body itself is not an integer，But it does not hinder ancient people think that they are the performance of time and bet365 Play online games cosmic order，Not only "Qin Ruo Haotian，Calendar, Sun, Moon Star，Time to Teach the People "，and sacred into it。If anyone takes a closer look at the so -called "orthodox" of Jiang Ziya in "The Romance of the Gods"，You can find that they are almost all star gods。Some scholars think，Regardless of the East or West，The oldest religion of human beings is "Paying Stars"，Even if the rise of agriculture、This ancient religion has been replaced by the so -called "city -state religion"，You can still find its shadow in various religions。For example, the extremely typical star worship in Shamanism，and the worship of the stars and "Doum" in Taoism。and Wang Mang until defeated，Still expecting yourself to imitate the special device "Weidou" made by the Beidou Seven Stars，Being able to suppress the uprising army with the help of the stars。

We often say，The method of thinking of the ancients is "Heaven and Man"，But the general philosophy breakthrough in the "Axis Age" breakthrough，This "unity" is not a concept、Ideas in one，but is specific and closely related to daily life。In addition to the formulation of calendar by observing the heavenly phenomena，It is precisely because the Tianxiang itself is not perfect，So the entire natural phenomenon and even the universe's complete operation，You must participate in the participation。In addition to conceptual participation, supplement the data generated by the running of the sky，The more important aspect is when the ball runs on the same day into an important link，A certain ceremony is held to participate in the operation of the entire universe，And think that these rituals "help" and the entire universe runs smoothly in this link，or overcome some difficulties。and this link，That is "holiday"，The festival is the "node" operating by the sky。Lichun has appeared bet365 best casino games in "Shang Shu · Yao Dian"、Liqiu、Spring equinox and autumn equinox four important celestial operation nodes，These four nodes have also become the basic festival of ancient people in later generations。

We can now generally understand the common way of thinking in ancient times as "cosmology"。Just as the word "cosmos" (cosmos), the source "makeup" and "modification" revealed，It implies that this orderly universe is now a product of the disorderly overcome and suppression of the original，It is the result of the order that overcomes the chaos。For example, in the myth of Pangu open the world，The original state of the world is "Chaos Like Chicken"。In this world map，Not only is the spring equinox、Autumn equinox, etc. that can show an important position of the sky running，To celebrate the stability of the cosmic order in the form of festival，And when abnormal celestial phenomena appear like a day or moon eclipse，Related rituals also need to be held。Because at this time，The ancients would think that the disorderly disorderly was once overcome.，Cosmic order that is currently threatened，So you have to "make a force"，Help the sky run smoothly，Make the universe return to order。For example, "Spring and Autumn Fan Lu" proposes "Japanese Food ... Reverse Section，Oblique and attack from the drum，Zhu Si threatened "。Threat rituals that seem to be "scared away" through "Drums" and "Zhu Si"，People have also participated in the recovery of the order of celestial elephant，This can "change the position of the world，Preface to Yin and Yang "。Similarly，In ancient Egypt，People formulate calendar through the water level of the Nile and Sirius，Wait until the critical time of the river water rising，Pharaoh will go down the river to hold a certain ritual，"Help" the Nile River normal operation，Then "help" Zhou Tian is running normally。

bet365 Play online games For this ancient relationship of heaven and man，"Yi Chuan · Classical Chinese" concluded: "Master of the husband，Combat with heaven and earth，together with the sun and the moon，Sequence with four o'clock，Combat with ghosts and gods。"" Harbin " in the sense of" personally participating "，On the one hand, it reflects the myth — the high degree of participation in the universe's operation of the universe in the cosmic theory，On the other hand, it also reflects what a person thinks of its own "sense of responsibility" for universe operation。Although we are now far away from the mythical era，The world map at the moment is no longer the ancient cosmic theory，But the existence of the festival is still an ancient memory，A kind of original thinking echo of the original thinking of "Heaven and Man"。

　　holiday, memory and remaining

Of course，This memory is not always accompanied by beauty and celebration，​​It is also accompanied by crisis consciousness、Killing and contraindications。As mentioned earlier，The ancients were worried about the disorderly rolling soil on the one hand，On the other hand, from the records of various religious documents and evidence of archeological mining，We can also imagine the "crisis public relations" method of the ancients when the ancients faced with disorder，That is the order of the universe and the political order at the moment，and the virtue of the ruler is unity，If this political order has a crisis，Then the method of solving this crisis and the "restore" cosmic order have become the same thing。For order for order，disorder is a "excess object" that should have been overcome，So the so -called "surplus" of sacrifice becomes necessary。For example, archeologists reveal to us，The late period of shaking in the Maya Empire，The scale of human sacrifice to the sun god has repeatedly expanded。Bet365 lotto review and "Bible · Old Testament" also indicates，When the Jewish kingdom is turbulent，Not only the number of people who believe in the other gods is increasing，There are even records that have a record of children who sacrifice their children to the so -called "Moro" God through fire festival。As German philosopher Xie Lin said，If myths are only "superstition" and "childhood of human thinking"，So why did the ancient people do not hesitate to sacrifice these sacrifices? This explains that the cosmic thinking mode of the mythical era is real for those of the time。The famous British Hebrew scholar John Spencer has demonstrated in his masterpiece "On the Rites of Hebrews"，The universal cutting phenomenon in the nearby region is not actually a simple medical behavior，but a religious ritual，It means removing the "remaining" on the "natural person"，"Civilization"，Then it is consistent with the realization of the current world order。So as Foucault said，The establishment of "civilization" also means "taboos", "uncivilized" and "remaining outside civilization" indeed stand out。

but but，Just as it is manifested by Pangu myth，The disorder of the original at the beginning is also the mother's body that includes the follow -up everything in the self，Although it is overcome，But everything was originally included in it。It means the dead silence of all things，It also means that everything is sleeping and possible in the future，In many myths，Original disorderly symbol is water and fish。For example, in the unearthed cultural relics of Banpo Culture，The famous human face fish pattern pottery pot is used as a coffin cover for children's coffin。This is reminiscent of the famous myth of the 颛顼 in the "Shan Hai Jing": "There is fish biased，Grade called a fishing woman。颛顼 death is recovery。Come north，Sky and Dashui Spring，Snake is turned bet365 best casino games into fish，Is for the fisherman。颛顼 death is recovery。"Therefore, although for the current cosmic order，The original disorderly "remaining" is harmful and needs to be expelled，But it also represents the infinite possibilities of the original，Represents death and newborn。The source of the word "lucky" in English is the Roman goddess Fortuna，She is also known as "Fortna of the Newborn"，In this title，"Newborn" and "Fortna" are the same language。This goddess not only master luck，Also mastering Hades and Reincarnation，She also represents the infinite richness of the world itself。So on this Roman goddess，The original image of the original disorderly is also more obvious，And she also tells us what is lucky: luck is that it should not exist in the reason、But existing things，As disorderly is something that should not exist in the reason。

So in general，Despite the myths behind the holiday -the cosmology world map has been far away from us，But the memories of them still retain our lives and festivals in our lives and often。We can't simply reprimand them as "feudal superstition"，Instead of understanding these are memories left in the development of human civilization，Is the road sign of the civilized road that humans have traveled。Chinese people pay attention to "more than year"，Perhaps Chinese civilization is more optimistic and positive，Not afraid of disorderly "remaining"，Instead of leaving it，Then eat it。After all, "eating" is also an important festival ritual，Perhaps our ancestors once thought，Eat carefully、Eating hard will also help the universe to overcome difficulties on a node，Help it run in the established order。So in the new year，I wish everyone to eat well，Live up to every festival food，This is not only for yourself，It is also for the universe! But more importantly,Bet365 lotto review ，From the festival -mythical cosmic thinking mode，We have also seen the ancients of the ancient people for heaven -calendar、Season、disorder -remaining、Death -Lucky and other phenomena，We can see，The ancients did not unilaterally perform a one -sided and unlimited sacred worship of any of them。This may also be the thinking quality that people who are more and more "unity" in modern times。

　(The author is a professor at the School of Philosophy and Social Development of Shandong University、Director of China Interpretation Research Center)