Cai Meibiao (1928-2021)，People from Hangzhou, Zhejiang，Famous historian。1949，Graduated from the Department of History of Nankai University。1949-1952，Graduate student at the History Research Department of Peking University。In 1950, he also served as a assistant instructor at the Institute of Liberal Arts of Peking University。Working at the Institute of Language Research, the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1952。The following year，Transfer to the Institute of Modern History。Researcher for the Institute of Modern History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Member of the Academic Committee。From 1981，He also served as Peking University、Nankai University、Professor of History at the Department of History of the Central University for Nationalities (now Central University for Nationalities)。1985，Faded as a member of the History Discipline Review Team of the Degree Committee of the State Council。Also the chairman of the Mongolian History Society、President of the China Yuan History Research Association、Consultant of the Chinese Earthquake History Research Association、Editorial Committee of "Encyclopedia of Chinese Encyclopedia · Chinese History"。China History Society 2、3、Fourth Director。1987，Elected as the Executive Member of the International Mongolian Academic Association。

Based on Fan Wenlan's first four volumes of "Chinese General History"，Hosted "Chinese General History" fifth to twelve volumes，Published。Research and Treatment of Chinese information written by Baziba Mongolia。Translation of Baziba character Mongolian monument carrier literature，Deep excavation，Make it history、Historical materials available to literature。Long -term research on Liaoning and Jin Yuan History，History of the Ming and Qing Dynasties。Editor's "Chinese History Dictionary · Liaoning Golden Yuan History" Volume。Academic works include "Yuan Dynasty Vernacular Stele Records", "Best Baba and Yuan Dynasty Chinese" (co -edited)、"Person Baba Stele Research Collection", "Genghis Khan Biography"。Special Thesis "On the inheritance of Marshal and Emperor's Position in the Liao Dynasty", "Preliminary Exploration of Women's True Characterism", "Genghis and Relief Religue", "Mongolian and Great Yuan Guo", "Daqing Kingdom Construction The country number in front of the number、clan names and Chronicles。Compiled by the seismologist "Compilation of Chinese Earthquake History Information" seven volumes。

Mr. Cai Meibiao learns Hongfu，History in the field of academics、Literature、Linguistics and other disciplines，In the frontier nation、Political System、Stele -engraved historical materials、Data Edit、National Chinese and Opera Miscellaneous Examinations，All achieved outstanding achievements。and his most representative academic activity is to compile "History of China"。In the minds of our generation and the previous generation of readers，The first four volumes of this book can evoke people's memory of a historical work of a era。Especially after the publication of the twelve volumes of "Chinese General History"，Help readers understand the long history of the motherland、Cultivation of patriotism、Promote the excellent traditional culture of China，Play an important role。"Chinese General History" is a far -reaching historian book，It is also a microcosm of Mr. Cai's academic career。

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Mr. Cai Meibiao's ancestor home Zhejiang Hangzhou，Born in Tianjin on March 26, 1928。1933-1939，Reading in Tianjin Private No. 1 Primary School，After graduating, study in Muzhai Middle School。This middle school is the Promise of Zhili Promise in the late Qing Dynasty、Patriotic educator Lu Jing (1856-1948，Word Muzhai) Founded。During reading in middle school，bet365 live casino games It is a matter of influence on Mr. Cai's later governing history，Learn from Teacher Wang Xiang。Wang Xiang (1876-1965) is one of the first famous scholars in my country to collect and study Yinxu Oracle。1942，Wang Xiang teaches "Zuo Zhuan"。At that time，Mr. Cai study at school during the day，Listen in the lecture class in the evening。Wang Xiang was almost old at that time，Lessons are very serious。His class is in -depth，Following good temptation，Not only teaching historical knowledge，Also explain text training。Mr. Cai once remembered: "I later embarked on the road of historical work，Wang Lao is one of my earliest enlightenment teachers。"Wang Xiang's residence in Tianjin is very close to Mr. Cai's house，Only one street。Mr. Cai is smart and good to learn，The two people have a close relationship。About six or seven years of time，Mr. Cai often goes to Wang Xiang's house to ask questions。Although he did not enter the professional field of Oracle research later，However，and master the skills of using the historical research of ancient history。

1945，Graduation of Mr. Cai Middle School，Those who are admitted to the History Department of Peking University。Due to war，1937 Peking University moved south to Changsha，National Changsha Temporary University with Tsinghua University and Nankai University。Move to Kunming the following year，Rename the National Southwest United University。In 1946, the three universities relocated to resume schools，Mr. Cai entered the Department of History of Nankai University。Graduated from college in 1949，Graduate students of the History Research Department of Peking University，Division Shao Xunzheng from the famous Mongolian history expert。When Mr. Cai was in the second grade of graduate students in 1950，Positive Teachers at the Institute of Liberalization of Peking University (at the time of the Department of History of Peking University undergraduate，Graduate Student Literary Science Research Institute)。Mr. Cai revealed his talent in history very early。July 1947，He uses summer time when he is studying at Nankai University，Written "Liao Jin's Stone Carvings (Da) 靼" with classical Chinese body。The academic background of this article is，Wang Guowei wrote "鞑靼 鞑靼"，Inference "resistance" in "Liao History"、"Golden History"It is the "鞑靼" recorded by the Tang and Song people。But because you can't find a record of "鞑靼" in "Liao Shi"，The argument is not enough，Many objections caused by Chinese and foreign scholars。Mr. Cai based on the stone monument materials such as "Liao Dao Zong Sa" in the "Liaoling Stone Carvings"，I found a record about "鞑靼"，Provided the most powerful new certificate for Wang Guowei。This year，Mr. Cai is only 19 years old。The academic journal "Xueyuan" published by this manuscript published this manuscript "Xueyuan"，Receive letter，To inform the journal for。Later，Tianjin Jiefang，There is no message in this manuscript。So，In 1951，Published in 1952 Published Peking University "Sinology Season Journal" Volume 7 Issue 3。After more than thirty years，When Mr. Cai visited the University of Washington, the University of Seattle, 1985，Professor Chen Xuelin, the school, the third Volume 3 of the Hong Kong Business Press, published by the Hong Kong Business Press in 1951、Issue Issue Published to Mr. Cai，Among them, there is a article "Liao Jin Stone Carvings (Da) 靼" written by Mr. Tsai in the first published in the classical Chinese body。until this time，Mr. Cai learned that the old manuscript had been used for the time of the publication。This manuscript is mostly cited by overseas scholars，Domestic scholars quoted according to the vernacular manuscript of the "National Studies"。Two drafts together Shenghui，A positive impact was generated。

At that time, the Peking University Liberal Arts Research Institute has many gold and stone pads，Uncontinrative number，It is not easy to use。Mr. Cai uses the opportunity to serve as an instructor of the Institute，Announcement Bet365 lotto review on the inscriptions and remittances of the inscriptions of the Yuan Dynasty inscriptions and the bookmark of Jinshi Books，Compiled into the "Vernacular Monument Record of the Yuan Dynasty"，Published by Science Press。1952，Mr. Cai graduated from Peking University graduate，allocated to work in the Institute of Language Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。He cooperated with the famous linguist Luo Changpei，allocated to work in the Institute of Language Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。These two books are studying Mongolia History、Gumeng and Chinese history are very helpful，Has high academic value。In the second half of 1953，Mr. Cai transferred to the Institute of Modern History of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。

　　Fortunately in life, ending history writing

When Mr. Cai entered the Institute of Modern History，The director is Fan Wenlan。At that time，Fan Wenlan is engaged in the revision of "Brief History of China"。The background of this book is different。Fan Lao graduated from Peking University in his early years，Study from a famous teacher，Old learning skills deep。Studies with science、History and classical literature as the main，Published "Wenxin Eagle Dragon Lecture", "Introduction to the Scriptures", "Zhengshi Kao Zhi", etc.。At the same time，He accepted new ideas，Drop of the revolutionary cause。January 1940，Fan Wenlan arrived in Yan'an。In Yan'an，He was received by Mao Zedong，Director of the History Research Office of the Central Malaysian Academy of the Communist Party of China。At that time，The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is preparing to carry out a rectification movement，Mao Zedong called on the whole party to understand Chinese history，Learn Chinese National conditions。The staff of the History Research Office of the Fan Lao Organization of the Party Central Committee wrote a concise Chinese historical reading book for the majority of cadres to read。This book is actually written by Fan independently，Name is "Brief Crossing in History of China"。This book is recognized as a work that uses Marxism to study Chinese history。

"Brief Crossing China" was originally divided into three volumes，At that time, only the top was completed、Two volumes，Write before the Opium War。Book of Book Plan to write a modern part，Fan Lao invested in the rectification and has a new task and failed to finish the draft。After the founding of the People's Republic of China，Fan Lao started to rewrite "Simple Chinese Study in China"，The title is "Revised the Book of Chinese General History"，But it is not a simple revision of the original book，but another newly edited history book。The person who assisted him work according to division of labor，Study a field per person，Provide information or first draft，For him analysis summary，Re -writing。This book is still based on the majority of readers，Try to absorb new research results of academic circles at the same time。At this time, Mr. Cai is Youth Hua，In language、History、Ethnicology and other research areas have built a tree。His Institute of Modern History，Assist Fan Lao work，Become Fan Lao's Divine Assistant。1953-1965，"Simplified Chinese Study of China" (revised book) has been published in the five generations of ancient to Sui and Tang dynasties，A total of four volumes。At this time, Fan Lao has suffered from heart disease，The body and energy are increasingly unreasonable。He wrote to Mr. Cai in his illness: Writing by him alone，It is difficult to continue，I hope Mr. Cai organizes personnel，Tongli cooperation，Write this。The letter says: "Complement is better than not to complete。"This book written by Fan Lao has attracted the attention and care of Chairman Mao Zedong，He has commented: More information about this book，Easy to see，Makes people willing to read。July 1968，Mao Zedong sent his daughter Li Na to visit Fan Lao，and go to this way: China needs a history of general，Before a new way of writing，Still write down according to your old law。but a year later，The ruthless sick demon captured Fan Lao’s life。

Fan Lao's death，The compilation bet365 best casino games of Tongshi was trapped at a time。Later，Premier Zhou Enlai personally asked about this，Instruction of the organizational power to continue writing。Organization decide by Mr. Cai to be responsible，Carry out this job。Mr. Cai said to me，This decision is probably because of long -term assistance to Fan Lao's work，Only he is still young。He also quoted a sentence in "Biography of the Three Kingdoms · Lu Xun"，Say he is young，"Ren Tale"。This is the humor and self -modest of Mr.。Mr. Cai knows clearly，Take over this job，It means that his life will be dedicated to this unfinished career left behind Fan Lao。

　　Fifty Spring and Autumn Period, sequ to "History of China"

Sequel "Chinese General History" is a vast and arduous project。As an editor -in -chief written，What Mr. Cai has to do is thousands of。First is the range of continuous writing，This involves the lower limit of the history of China。Mr. Cai has long thought about，He wrote in an article in 1956: "A complete history of Chinese generals，It should include the entire historical era from ancient times to the present。"" But there is a point of view.，"The history of China can only be the history before the Opium War，In addition, there are modern history and modern history。This，castrated modern and modern history from the field of Chinese general history，and the concepts of modern history and general history opposite。This is no scientific basis "。But at this time，Mr. Cai consider writing six volumes first，to the Jiaqing period in the Qing Dynasty, before the Opium War。Followed by the title。Mainly I think this book is actually not a revised book for "Simple Chinese Study in China"，The more the content is written, the more content，Nor a "brief editor"。And because the renewal part is not a revision Fan Lao’s work，You can no longer use the original book called the revised book。More importantly，Fan Lao's "Simple Lord of China" and its amendments have established positions in academic history，The title of this book should be permanently retained。Renewal books are integrated with Fan Lao's book，There should be a new name，Calling "History of China" is the most suitable。

There is also the method of writing。At that time, the China General History Research Office of the Institute of History alone，Can't complete all jobs，So he invited some scholars to cooperate，Including Nankai University、Northeast Normal University、Liaoning University、Inner Mongolia University、Northwest University、Experts from schools such as Fudan University。Written first draft or provide materials for collaborators，Presidented by Mr. Cai。Mr. Cai does not simply take everyone's manuscript to edit it，but from beginning to end，Care word by word、Repair。This is actually the same as Fan Lao’s writing。One 100,000 words for the first draft，Only 30,000 words in the book。Mr. Cai thinks，If a person writes a section of patching together，Each has its own writing、Style，Beginning contradictions、Conflict，So I need to rewrite it。Adhering to the use of basic historical materials to narrate basic facts，It is also a basic experience of Mr. Cai's continuation history。Professor Cui Ruide (1925-2006), a professor at the University of London, England, edited "Cambridge Chinese History"，He once said to Mr. Cai: "The first volume of this book can't be written，Because you are constantly archeological discovery，Can't catch up with rushing。"" Finally, I had to give up the first volume of the pre -Qin part，Writing from Qin and Han dynasties。If you pay attention to and absorb the latest unearthed documents and achievements at any time，There will be a situation of "unable to keep up"。The focus of Mr. Cai's writing，Just do not pursue new research results。

Mr. Cai was in a sequel，Very well inherited the concept and method formed by Fan Lao's history，and have your own accurate understanding and innovation。Trial two cases。

First，National Questions。Fan Lao's concept of national equality，Try to compile the common history of Chinese nations。He in "Revised the Book of Chinese General History"，Exclusive bet365 best casino games chapters to narrate the Huns during the Wei and Jin dynasties、、Xianbei、氐、History of ethnic minorities such as Qiang。In the book, the five generations of the Sui and Tang dynasties，There is also Tubo、Back、Special chapters of Nanzhao and Dali Kingdom。Mr. Cai continues to write "History of China"，From the beginning, it was the Song, Liao Jinyuan period，This is an era of intensity of national contradictions，Many problems encountered are unprecedented in the previous generation。He thinks，Since the death of the Qing Dynasty since the Han Dynasty, more than 2,000 years，The Han nationality has ruled various nations who have repeatedly ruled the non -Han nationality，Some ethnic groups of non -Han nationality have also ruled the Han nationality many times。Historically between Han and non -Han people，and the non -Han ethnic groups，There have been conflicts and war，But the result is not the enhancement of each other, but the enhancement of communication and contact。This is because of the new dynasty in the new dynasty formed after the conflict and the war，Non -Han nation draws the Han civilization and gives its national culture a new form; Han civilization has been widely spread during the non -Han nation's rule，and absorb the cultural content of other ethnic groups and get new development。Disputes and fusion，constitutes a complicated and colorful historical scroll。To book a straight book，Look at the question objectively and dialectically。He in the "Chinese General History" Song Liao Jinyuan part，Added Xixia Chapter (This is what the previous history books did not)。In Liao、Xixia、Gold part，Added economy and culture，and the fusion and struggle between ethnic groups。Yuan Dynasty，Listing "All ethnic groups under the Yuan Dynasty"。Also aid this example，Also aid this example。The nature of war involved in the oppression and war between ethnic groups，Truth writing。Acting for aggression and national oppression，condemn。This is a respect for history，It is also a respect for various ethnic groups in history。

2，elegant and vulgar reward。The reader target of Fan Shu was the majority of cadres，The revision book adds academicity。Mr. Cai proposed that the history of history is different from professional papers，To achieve the combination of academicity and popularity，Let professional people think that you have done research，The majority of readers can watch it again。This should pay attention to details，To explain。For example，When will the character play，How to explain when playing，All have to be considered。He also quoted the Qing Dynasty historian Zhang Xuecheng's "the most difficult to narrate" as the basis，Requires your own narrative to express history。narrative here，It is based on the solid and rigorous research of many experts such as Mr. Cai。

Mr. Cai has entered the Institute of Modern History and followed Fan Lao's history，It will use most of the time and main energy on this book。After the continuous compilation history，Even so。He once said to me with interest: "I am now‘ two cadres ’，Home and Office Gate。If ‘Three Gate’，Add the door of the library。"Mr. Cai's home lives in Dongguo, Beijing, Dongguo Street, East President Buhu，Institute of Modern History at East Family No. 1。This road is not too far，But for an elderly old man，Back and forth is not easy。He insists on taking a bus every day (later a taxi) to work，Writing in the office。For decades as one day，storms and rainless。Use lunch in the place，Sometimes it is a pack of instant noodles。Under the unremitting efforts of Mr. Cai and his colleagues，Under the unremitting efforts of Mr. Cai and his colleagues，The first four volumes of Fan Fan are ten volumes，Published by People's Publishing House。1978 to 1993，Published the first to tenth volume of "Chinese General History" and the tenth volume and hardcover single line; in 1994, the ten -in hardcover book was published; the second year was published again.。Volume Tenth according to the original plan to Bet365 lotto review write to the Jiaqing Dynasty。Many scholars and readers create suggestions，Replenish the history of the late Qing Dynasty from the Daoguang to the Xuantong Dynasty。Discussion，Mr. Cai is already a rare year，But he still made up his mind，Organizational power，Start again。I store a borrowing note from Mr. Cai at the Library of the Institute of Modern History，The date written above is January 7, 2002。That year he was 74 years old。Many people remember，Every time I go to his office，I can see him working in desk，or communicate with people。Complete two books in 2005，described the decline and perishage of the Qing Dynasty。In 2007。In 2008, the newly compiled two new volumes and the first ten volumes of the first ten volumes were published，Nearly 4 million words。Someone advocates writing another four volumes，It has been written until the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949。Mr. Cai discussed with many people，Everyone thinks it is very difficult，and do not have conditions，It should be left for future generations to write。

Sima Guang of the Song Dynasty wrote "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" in more than 20 years，Book at the age of 63，The table above says: "Vehicle faint，There are almost a few teeth "，"Energy of the Sinica，Full of this book。1995 "The History of China" Ten Volumes of Luxury This Published，Some reporters interview Mr. Cai，Write an article，The title is "Forty -three years grind a sword，See the Kung Fu outside the book "。There are also newspapers called "Forty Spring and Autumn Periods"。Mr. Cai 67 years old。2008 "Chinese General History" combined twelve volumes of new books，Mr. Cai is 80 years old。Before the book，Mr. Cai said: "Looking back on me since I participated in the first book of this book in 1953，I don’t think it is 55 degrees spring and autumn。”

　Ancient real people, the style of the style of the gesture

"Chinese General History" was published after twelve volumes，Unanimously praised by readers of the academic circles and all parties，It has had a great social impact。Looking back on the past of Mr. Cai and "Chinese General History"，There are a few impressive items。

First，Knowing the regularity of history。My diary once recorded: "October 7, 2009 (Wednesday): afternoon，Our family to visit Mr. Cai。Say 4 o'clock to，We are late for a moment。Unexpectedly, Mr. Cai and Master Hu are waiting at the stairs of the corridor。"" Mr. Mr. "，Very talk。He said: "There are two characteristics in history: First, economic development，The second is head fever。When economic difficulties，Everyone struggle hard，The mind will not heat up，less corruption; economic development，With a certain material basis，The mind is easy to heat，Corruption Hengsheng，Results leading to death。"I was shocked after listening，Thinking of the historical dynasty "It is also educated，The cycle rate of death is also suddenly "。The rise and fall of the cycle，Is a surface phenomenon。What are the profound reasons? Mr. Cai's words made me think of，"First is economic development，The second is the brain fever "，Isn't it a good interpretation of the connotation of the cycle? Few words，It is Mr. Cai's decades of research and treatment of Chinese history.。

2，The meaning of "flat"。In the description of the 11th volume of "Chinese General History"，There is such a paragraph: "Narrative strives to be plain and simple，Victory things，for reading。"" Pinglian is the significant characteristic of Fan Lao's history and methods，It is also an important criterion for Mr. Cai's sequel to the "History of China" throughout the book。"Platform" word，It is both a method and a purpose。Say it is a method，Including research methods and writing methods。Requires us to study the problem from actual，Talk with the facts。In research，Slightly subjective、Random，It is easy to lose in Ping Yun，flowing bias。This also includes the character、Incidents and an article, grasp of the time of review。Mr. Cai’s "Chinese History Outline" came out，I wrote a comment article "" Chinese History: New Focus on History and Sciences in my country "。After publishing，I will bet365 best casino games give the journal to Mr. Cai for a copy。He said after reading, "This topic is a bit high。"He just asked himself。How to be flat? Mr. thinks the spirit of sitting on a cold bench。Sitting cold bench can not only resist loneliness，And can keep your head calm，Seeing the problem objective flat allows。Say it is the purpose，Because history is different from philosophy、Literature，Is a kind of practical learning。Mr. Cai has defined a definition of the purpose of historical research: restore the truth，Cracking historical mystery。Research History，Just start from the specific facts，Historical historical materials for possession，After a flat demonstration analysis，Seek the truth、Breaking mystery，The conclusion that the conclusions are drawn are close to the actual practice。

third，"Do some work，After death, "。Twelve volumes of "History of China" was published，Mr. Cai did not stop his research work。He said to me，His requirement for himself is "strict with self -discipline，Keep the evening festival;，Do my best。"explained again:" The following sentence，It can also be said ‘do some work，Dead and then '。"He still runs between his house and the Office of the Institute of Modern History。In the afternoon of the day at the end of October 2016，When he goes home from the office, he will fall on the side of the road and fall on the side of the road。At that time, he was an 88 -year -old，Can't go to the office anymore，Continue reading at home。The scope of his reading，It is still around "History of China"。I have a manuscript that Mr. Cai sent me- "" "The Tenth Volume of China" is questionable.。The content of the content is arranged in the form of table form: the number of pages of the first line，Number of lines in the second line，The original text of the third line to be changed。Original Words with a red pen circle，Then in the bracket is the proposed word -to be modified，Drawing circle with red pen。This is after the full set of "Chinese General History"，Mr. Cai personally classified the text，Prepare for the reinstatement of "Chinese General History" in the future。Out of the same consideration，His "Chinese General History" book also directly modified。I see him in the seventh volume of the Yuan Dynasty in "History of China"，Use the pencil to change the "casting" in the book to the "sealing system"，Change the "investment" to "divide" and other。He practiced his promise with action。In the early morning of January 14, 2021，Mr. Sir with the world。At his simple body farewell ceremony，Lingtang's front couplet wrote: "Xiu WenyiZhixin's distance, with Shi Yuan through ancient and modern. "(yù)，It means literary talent。Later "彧"。Xin，Same as "Xin"。Joy。distance，It means to resist。Xinchuan，"Zhuangzi · Grand Master": "Ancient Real Man，I don't know (Yue) Life，I don't know the evil death，It is unwilling，its entry (into the territory) is not distance。"Facing life。This is the state of ideology of sir。The following sentence summarizes the academic career of Mr.。And all this，All condensed and integrated into the emperor's masterpiece "History of China"。

　(The author is a professor at the School of History of Qingdao University、Vice President of the China Integrity and Legal Research Association)