Kobian (1904-1985)，Formerly known as Li Chunfan，People from Chaozhou, Guangdong。my country's famous translator、Diplomat。Joined the Communist Party of China in 1924。In 1929, engaged in the party's hidden front work，A member of the Party Group of the Chinese Social Sciences Alliance。Going to Yan'an in 1937。Director of the Western Revolutionary History Office of the Central Marxist Institute in 1938、Director of the International Issues Research Office of the Yan'an Central Research Institute。In 1944。After the victory of the Anti -Japanese War，With Ye Jianying's work in the executive department of the Beiping Military Regulation，Ren Translation Director、Director of the News Office，Later Director of the Research Office of the Central Foreign Affairs Group。After the founding of New China，The first director of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs，Vice Chairman of the Chinese People's Political and Law Society。In 1955, the Chinese Ambassador to Romania。In 1962, the Chinese Ambassador to Denmark。In 1973, he served as Vice President of the Chinese People's Foreign Affairs Society、Deputy Director of the Institute of International Relations。1977 was elected as the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of China。In 1981, the chairman of the Editorial Committee of the Foreign History of the People's Republic of China、Legal Group Review Member of the State Council's Degree Committee。In 1982, served as a consultant of the Chinese Translator Association。Died in Beijing in 1985。

Kobian made outstanding contributions to the Chinese revolution and construction cause: First, translate a large number of Marxist classics, etc.。He is proficient in multi -language，Translation and publishing a large number of Marxist classics，Promoting the spread of Marxism in China。The more representative translations include: "Imperialism", "The Socialism of Science and Science", "Criticism of Gosida", "French Class Struggle", etc.。Second, it has achieved significant achievements in foreign affairs and diplomacy。Kobian has been engaged in foreign affairs and diplomatic work in the party and the country for a long time，Participated in the North Korean Cructer Agreement negotiation、1954 Geneva Conference、1955 Sino -US ambassador -level talks and other major diplomatic affairs，With rich experience in foreign affairs and diplomatic experience，Promote the continuous development of foreign affairs and diplomatic work，Gradually grew into an outstanding diplomat in practice。

Ke Bai was born in Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province，Multi -language，Early dedicated to translating the classic works of Marxism，After turning to foreign affairs and diplomatic work，Gradually growing from a red translator to a famous diplomat。He always adheres to Marxist beliefs in his life，His name vividly illustrates this: "K" in Chinese Pinyin's first letter "K" in the word "Kobinian" represents Karl Marx，"B" represents Engels (the early pen name of Engels is Ferradrick Bander)，"N" represents Lenin。

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Kobian's youth in his youth，All kinds of thoughts are constantly emerging，New and old thoughts fierce confrontation。He has recalled: "Ahead of the Fourth Four，Various thoughts、ist，Baijia contention。After a period of study、Comparison and research，I finally chose Marxism。"Why did Kobian choose Marxism? Mainly a family atmosphere、The effects of studying experience and early revolutionary practice。

Kobian was born in a revolutionary family from the Shi Shi，The strong revolutionary atmosphere of the big family guides him to Marxism。Uncle Li Xiusheng，Once following Mr. Sun Yat -sen for revolutionary activities。In my hometown，Li Xiusheng actively promotes the three civilianism，Take the lead in cutting the braids，I often talk about national affairs at home with friends，Enlightenment of family members with revolutionary thoughts。Kobian's cousin Li Chuntao，I accepted progressive ideas under the influence of the family，As early as I was studying at Waseda University in Japan, I bet365 Play online games participated in the Construction League with Peng Yue when I was studying in Japan，After returning home to actively engage in revolutionary activities，President of the "Lingdong Republic of China Daily"，It is called "Bolshevik outside the party" by Zhou Enlai，In 1927, he was secretly killed by the Kuomintang reactionaries。Ke Binian in his youth often borrowed progressive books with Li Chuntao，If you want to think about socialist novels "Looking back", etc.，Enlightenment of Socialist Thought。To seek truth，Kobian in youth went to Shanghai to study，It was also successful with Li Chuntao's help，The study experience in Shanghai gives Kobian's opportunity to contact more Marxist theory。Under the influence of Li Chuntao，Kobian also actively participated in revolutionary activities，He has established "Oppose the Christian Alliance" with the revolutionaries such as Li Chuntao，Also assisted Li Chuntao for a newspaper。It can be said，Whether it is ideological or in action，Li Chuntao is the leader of Kobian。Affected by the family atmosphere，Kobian's younger brothers have also chose Marxism one after another，Subsequent steps，Drop of the Chinese revolutionary cause，Among them, the younger brother Li Chunlin presented valuable life for the revolution。Li Chunlin resolutely joined the Communist Party of China at the moment of the revolutionary crisis，The Secretary -General of the Political Department of the Fourth Fourth Fourth Fourth Fourth Fourth Fourth Fourth Fourth Army。In the Long March，He resolutely fight against the wrong route，Resolutely maintain the internal unity of the Red Army，Unfortunately sacrificed in the battle in 1937。Cousin Li Chunzheng，I participated in the Bayi Nanchang Uprising，Later, engaged in education; cousin Li Chunqiu (Li Wu)，Arrived in Yan'an in 1938，Join the Communist Party of China in the same year，Later, engage in publicity work。Kobian grows in such a revolutionary family，Under the guidance of the family，He reads progressive books，Participate in revolutionary activities，Finally chose Marxism，Struggle for it for life。

Ke Bonian's progressive study experience，It plays a key role in the process of establishing Marxist beliefs。The study experience of the Church School of Kobuya has laid a good foreign language foundation for him，Make reading and translation of classic Marxist works possible。Kobian was studying in an American church school -Shantou Yanshi Middle School。He is studying carefully，Excellent results，Especially have a strong interest in English，I read a lot of original English novels，Has a high level of English。1919，Kobian transferred to the prestigious church school -study of Shanghai Hujiang University Middle School，Later, I was promoted to study at the Department of Sociology at Hujiang University。During this period，He uses his spare time to translate English short story，Earn the manuscript fee，Maintaining academic。A large number of translation practice has continuously improved Kobian's translation level，That is from this time，He started his translation career。Kobian uses his own foreign language advantage，Try to translate American socialist works，and gradually turn to translating Marxist works。other，In order to better read and translate foreign books，He also taught himself Russian、German。1923，Due to participating in progressive student movements and promotion of Marxism，Kobian was fired by Hujiang University。With the help of Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei，He transferred to Shanghai University with a strong revolutionary atmosphere。Transfer to Shanghai University Study is a major turning point in Kobinian's life。Shanghai University is a new type of revolutionary school co -founded by the Communist Party of China，In fact, it is led by the Communist Party of China，Hiring a large number of theorists and educators with a large number of ideological progress。Shanghai University actively promotes Marxism，attracted many patriotic youths，Cultivated many revolutionary cadres，once became the center of the Shanghai Revolution。Qu Qiubai once hopes to build it into the "New Cultural Movement Center in the South"。After entering Shanghai University，Kobian met many early famous bet365 best casino games CCP characters，like Qu Qiubai、Cai Hesen、恽、Xiao Chu Nu、Zhang Tailei, etc.，With their help and guidelines，Kobin's English、Russian level progress progress，The understanding of Marxist theory is more profound，Believe in Marxism is more firm，Revolutionary enthusiasm is also rising。1924，Kobian joined the Communist Party of China。The study experience of the church school of Kebobian，Make him have a good foreign language level and ability to translate，Can read and translate progressive books，It laid a solid foundation for his final choice of Marxism; Kobian's study experience at Shanghai University，Especially the contact and communication with the early leaders of the Communist Party of China，Make him finally chose Marxism，Established Marxist belief，Become a member of the Early Communist Party of China。

Kobian actively devoted himself to revolutionary practice，I chose Marxism in practice、firm Marxism。1919 May 4th Movement Explosion，Students in Chaoshan area in Guangdong have rushed to march，Sound in Beijing students，Kobian, who is reading middle school, joined the great patriotic student movement。He actively participates in various rally，Listening to the speech and debate of the progressive people，Further recognize the essence of imperialist aggression and the darkness of warlord rule。May 4th Movement promoted the booming rise of new ideas and the spread of Marxism，Ke Bonian and other progressive youths have been baptized in ideology in this huge movement，Differential anarchist、Social Democracy、Practicalism and other social trends，Starting to Marxism。During school at Hujiang University，Kobian has the opportunity to directly participate in the new cultural movement，He read Chen Duxiu on "New Youth"、Li Dazhao and others about Marxism，Further understand Marxism，and accept Marxism in ideology。Kobian as a progressive student，Actively participate in the student movement，Translation of Marxist articles and published in newspapers，Promote Marxism in this way。Kobian was fired from Hujiang University and transferred to Shanghai University。Here，Kobian finally chose Marxism，Established Marxist belief，Joined the Communist Party of China。Kobian was selected as the executive member of the first student union of Shanghai University，At the same time, organize leadership non -based supervision movements。He participated in the Organization Committee of the Non -founded Student Alliance，Specifically responsible for the propaganda and organization of non -Christian movements。Since choosing Marxism，Kobian did not treat Marxism as a simple advanced theory，Instead of using Marxist theory to guide revolutionary practice，Actively devote themselves to revolutionary torrents。After that，Kobian is in education lectures、Edit Revolution Newspaper、Participate in the National Revolutionary Army、Participate in the revolutionary practice of social and cultural group activities constantly practicing Marxism，Deepen the understanding of Marxism，Therefore, Marxist belief is more firm。

　"Translation work, ask more Kobno"

Yan'an period，Comrade Mao Zedong once said: "Translation work，I want to ask Kobino more。"Kobian has no experience in studying abroad，But his translation level is highly affirmed。Since the 1920s，He has always been committed to translating Marxist works，In addition, a large number of social science books have been translated。Affected by the revolutionary situation，His translation career is divided into preliminary exploration、Twitching Development、Throughout the four stages of comprehensively advance and make persistent efforts。

Preliminary exploration stage of translation work。From the May 4th Movement of 1919 to 1927, the historical stage of the "April Two" counter -revolutionary coup，Kobian started from writing "What is socialism"，Gradually developing to translated Marxist classic works。This period，His translated Marxist work has become an important textbook for many Communists' enlightenment books and learning Marxist theory，Promoting the spread of Marxism in China。1922，To better analyze the difference between Marxism and non -Marxism，Kobin, who was studying at Hujiang University, published "What is Socialism"，Point Bet365 app download out "Study Socialism，must have a concept of ‘what is socialism’ first，Then do not cause no clue "。1923，Kobian published "Why am I going to be a socialist"，Think that "socialism is the most effective and most fundamental method for solving various social problems"，This is why he chose socialism。At that time，Facing the era of the times where China goes，Chinese intellectuals are divided into revolutionary and improved factions。In this historical background，Kobian translated the first chapter of Ko Zuki's "Social Revolution Theory"。Book identifies the difference between social improvement and social revolution，Point out that the difference between the two is to see if the emerging class has the power。Kobian translated Ke Zuji's ideas on the social revolution into China，Provided the theoretical basis for the establishment of the correct revolutionary program for the Marxist at that time。The National Revolutionary Movement based on the KMT and Communist Party has created a favorable environment for the further spread of Marxism，Kobian seized historical opportunities，Shin from related works of translation socialism to the original translation of Marxism，by the original translation、Translation、Ji Translation and other methods to turn to full translation，Start translating the classic Marxist classic works。Kobian translated Lenin's "Theory of Imperialism" 1 to 6，The purpose of translating this book in the translation preface is to confirm "the basis and inevitable social system of socialism"，Point out "Foreign Plording my country，is the inevitable result of the developed capitalism "。"Imperialism Theory" has triggered the domestic struggle on "imperialism"，Clear the fuzzy understanding of the Chinese people's vague understanding of imperialism，Provides theoretical support for the Communist Party's anti -imperial policy。1924，Kobian translated Engels' "The Socialism of Science and Science"，This book is an entry work for scientific socialism，Provides theoretical support for the Communist Party's anti -imperial policy，To understand the theoretical system of Marxism to play a guidance and leading role for the Chinese people。1925，Kobian translated Marx's "Critical Criticism"，This book gives the young Communist Party of China with a warning function，The goal of guiding the Chinese Communist Party to recognize the essence of the Kuomintang and the proletarian revolution during the guidance of the National Revolution、Strategy、Method is important。Kobian once said: "" Critical Criticism "is probably the most widely circulated book in my translation of Maron's works。"This version was recognized as the best version at that time，Early reading books for many Communist Party members to learn Marxism -Leninist works。After the failure of the National Communist Cooperation in 1927，Kobian Exile Thailand，Back to Shanghai in 1929。

The tortuous development stage of the translation work。From 1929 to Shanghai to Shanghai to go north to Yan'an, this stage，Kobian transfer to the hidden front work，More and more people who translate Marxist works，He rarely translates the original book of Marxism -Lenby，Instead, it is mainly based on writing and translation social science works。With the movement of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to Shanghai，Communists who exile back to Shanghai one after another，Participate in the cultural struggle，A research boom in the field of social sciences has emerged。1929，Kobian translates Di Citang's two philosophical works into "Logic of Dialectics" and "Dialectical Materialism Theory"。These two works discussed the basic perspective of dialectical materialism，Answer the basic questions of philosophy，revealing the limitations of metaphysical materialism。Kobin's translation of Di Tigen's work has opened up a new field of Chinese research Marxist philosophy。In the same year，In view of the lack of systematic understanding of the doctrine of Marxist countries in the party，On the basis of the previous translation，Kobian translated and published the full translation of Lenin's "National and Revolution"，and call it "the most important work on political issues"。Translate this Bet365 lotto review book，He introduces Marxist national doctrine to China。1930 and 1933，Kobian and Wu Nianci (Du Guo)、Wang Shen's name co -edited the "New term Dictionary" and "Economics Dictionary"，This is two very practical reference books，It is helpful for learning Marxism。1933，Kobian also wrote "Social Issue Outline" and "How to Study Emerging Social Sciences"。The Outline of Social Issues uses Marxist Material History Outlook，Criticizing social issues as life problems、Viewpoint of Psychological Problems，revealing the essence of social problems is a social and economic system，The fundamental way to believe that solving social problems is to change the social system。Kobian hopes to "let this book be given to the school students to study social problems for the middle school"，can help them "further study the topic of social problems in detail"。"How to Study Emerging Social Sciences" is a social science research book introduced by self -study methods，It adapts to the needs of spreading Marxism and emerging social science research，Through easy -to -understand language，Apply Marxist dialectics to new social science research，Introduced Marxist methodology。1936，Kobian compiled "The Essentials of the World Social Sciences"，The book briefly introduces Plato、Aristotle、Kant and others' works and excerpt the essence of them，This is this very good world social science name guidance。

The comprehensive advancement phase of the translation work。From the north of 1937 to Yan'an to the stage of foreign affairs work in 1943，On the basis of organizing translation and publishing Marxist works on the Party Central Committee，Kobian concentrated energy to invest in the translation business，and many experienced Marxist theorists、Translator together，Translated a large number of Marxist works，contributed to the spread of Marxism。The Yan'an period is both the heyday of the translation and publishing of the Marxist -Leninist works，It is also the golden period of Kobin's translation career。1937，Kobian came to Yan'an，I was arranged to take the translation work at the Marxist -Leninage Academy。1939，Kobian translated with others, "Germany's Revolution and Anti -Revolution"，Because this version is loyal to the original，High -quality translation，Therefore, it is one of the largest number of replies in 5 Chinese translations。1940，Kobinian translated Marx's "The Third Conduction of Napoleon"，The book clarifies Marxist national doctrine，The idea of ​​the proletarian revolution must destroy the old national machine。1942，Under the unified organization of the Party Central Committee，According to the requirements of the compilation department of the Marxist -Leninage Academy，Kobian re -translated Marx's "French Class Struggle" for the second time and published it。"French Class Struggle" is one of Marx's most important classic works，It is a model for Marx's use of class struggle views and class analysis methods to study social historical events。For "Napoleon's Third Conduction" and "French Class Class Struggle"，Kobian believes that "Marx is the application of his materialist history in these two books to analyze the major events in his era。If we want to learn Marx’s theory，Learn how he applies theory，Then you must carefully study these two books "。Yan'an period，According to the needs of the revolution and mission，Kobian, in addition to translating the original Marxist -Lenne original work，Also participated in a number of topics、Selected translation work，He participated in the translation of "Selected Works of Main Communication"，Edited "Mainlus Thinking Method Theory", etc.。

Repeated stage of translation work。Since 1943, I have been engaged in foreign affairs until the stage before the death，Kobian mainly moved to China's diplomatic field，Although it is no longer based on translation work，But as long as the country needs，He still engaged in translation work without hesitation and made outstanding contributions。1943，Kobian was appointed by military observation teams sent by the US government，From then on，Kobian started his foreign affairs and diplomatic career。1947，With more and more contact with the United States，The Party Central Committee urgently needs to fully Bet365 app download understand all aspects of the United States。For the Party Central Committee, you can understand the United States as soon as possible，Kobian started collecting materials，Written a "American Manual"。1949，"American Handbook" edited by Ke Bobinin，This book includes geography、History、Economy、Military、Political Party、Sino -US diplomatic relations and other 14 chapters and other American political nouns and other、Five Appendix, including the annual table of the American historical event，Introduction to the specific situation in the United States in detail，It is a good American problem reference book，Later, it became an important textbook for the new diplomat training of New China。1971，Mao Zedong saw part of the "India War to China" in the newspaper，Discussion with Zhou Enlai，Discussion with Zhou Enlai，Decide to translate and publish the full translation of the book。Zhou Enlai personally deployed，The Ministry of Foreign Affairs organizes a special translation team，Translated by 6 comrades including Kobinian，Published by Sanlian Bookstore that year。The author of "The War of India" is Maxwell。When conflict between the border between China and India in 1962，He is the British "The Times" reporter in Derry。Maxwell carefully collects the internal information of the Indian government，Objectively analyzing the background of the conflict between the border between China and India，pointed out that the border conflict between China and India is the result of India's implementation of the "forward policy"，India is responsible for this。"The War of India" is a authoritative book with high credibility，Its publication causes a great response。

　　For decades of diplomatic business

With the development of the New China Revolution and the development of construction，Ke Bainian has continuously contributed wisdom and strength。The party's initial stage of the party's creation urgently requires the guidance of Marxist theory，He translates a large number of Marxist works as a text support; diplomats who need to be capable and experienced before and after the founding of New China，He is actively engaged in foreign affairs and diplomacy，Play an important role on the diplomatic front。

The initial stage of foreign affairs work。From 1943 to foreign affairs work to the founding of New China，Ke Baonian's main foreign research is mainly based on，Also do foreign guest reception work，At the same time, it is also responsible for a large number of foreign research tasks，Translation English newspapers for central leaders for reference。Late War of War，The central government to receive a military observation group sent by the US government，Established the Central Military Commission Foreign Affairs Group，Kobian became a member of the group because of its strong political literacy and excellent foreign language ability，Participate in the reception work of the military observation group。With the joint efforts of Comrade Kobian，The US military observation team learns the real Chinese Communist Party，Some representatives passed the evaluation of the objective and fair to the Communist Party of China to the world。This reception activity has greatly enhanced the positive image of the Communist Party of China，expanded the influence of the Communist Party of China overseas。After transferring to a foreign affairs front，Kobian also did a lot of foreign affairs research。At that time，The Party Central Committee urgently needs to understand the situation of various countries，Kobian collects foreign language newspapers and books through various channels，Invest a lot of time and energy reading、Excerpts、Translation of these information，Provide the situation of various countries to the Party Central Committee for reference，enable the Party Central Committee to grasp the dynamics of various countries in time。After the victory of the Anti -Japanese War，The Foreign Affairs Group of the Central Military Commission is upgraded to the CPC Central Committee Foreign Affairs Group，Ye Jianying as the leader，Kobian as the Director of the Translation Department、Director of the News Office、Director of the Research Office，Continue to engage in foreign affairs research。Liberation war period，Central leaders are very concerned about the situation in the United States and policies to China，Kobian Bet365 app download proposed a lot of constructive opinions on the Party Central Committee，To accurately judge the international situation for the Party Central Committee、Forming the correct decision to play a staff role。

Fully engaged in diplomatic work。After the founding of New China，Kobian began to work in diplomatic work，Dooring of diplomatic research，Play an extremely important role for New China to open a diplomatic situation around the world。After the founding of New China，Kobian was appointed as the first director of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs，Continue to engage in foreign affairs related to the United States and Australia。1951，During the During the During the Cruc method of North Korea，The head of the delegation of the negotiating delegation Li Konon is ill，The Party Central Committee immediately decided to send Wu Xiuquan、Kobian went to North Korea to assist in work。Under the host of Li Keong，Wu Xiuquan and Kobian have launched a marathon negotiation with the United States。During the negotiation process，Kobian revealed the US imperialist crimes，clarified the great significance of resisting the United States and aid North Korea，Actively strive for support from international public opinion。The Korean War stopped and stopped，Sino -US negotiations are intermittent，In 1953, the two parties finally signed on the "North Korea Counterfeit" Agreement。1954，Kobian is one of the consultants of the Chinese delegation，Accompanying Zhou Enlai to attend the Geneva conference。The Geneva conference realizes the peace of Indochina，Ensure the relative stability of the southern border of China，significantly improved Sino -British relations，Bridge from Sino -US communication。1955，Kobian was officially appointed as the Chinese Ambassador to Romana。In the same year，He participated in the Sino -US ambassador -level talks，promoted the signing of the civilians of the two countries' return to China。This agreement is of great significance to New China、Far -influence，Many scientists can return to China through this agreement。From 1955 to the end of 1965，There are more than 130 scientists returning to China from the United States，Among them, "two bombs and one star" Yuanxun Qian Xuesen, etc.。1959，Kobian was appointed Executive Deputy Director of the Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs。1962，Kobian is the Chinese ambassador to Denmark。1973，Kobian is the vice president of the Chinese People's Foreign Affairs Society、Deputy Director of the Institute of International Relations。1977，Kobian attended the eleventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China as a party representative。1981，Ke Bonian was hired as chairman of the Diplomatic History Editorial Committee of the People's Republic of China、Legal Group Review Member of the State Council's Degree Committee。1982，Kobian was hired as a consultant of the Chinese Translator Association。

1985，Red Translator、Famous diplomat Kobin died in Beijing。To commemorate him，English "China Daily" published entitled "Ke，Diplomat Revolutionary，Victory of the World，I introduced his life。No matter what stage of life，What kind of work is doing，Whether it is smooth or adversity，Kobian always adheres to Marxism，It is an excellent Communist member with 61 years of party age。

　　(This article is the "Research on the Research on the Spirit of the Red Army and its contemporary value" (18cdjj06) in Shandong Province Social Science Planning Research Project)

(Author Unit: Marxism College of Shandong University of Finance and Economics)