Today's World，The global political and economic pattern is still in a period of great change，"Adverse Globalization" thought and the continuous spread of forces，All countries around resources、Market、rules and standard games are becoming more intense，The reform of the multilateral trading system has become the core proposition of a new round of trading rules reconstruction。The current multilateral trading system reflects the hegemonic thinking of developed economies such as the United States，It is not enough to deal with various problems that occur in the further development of global division of labor and multilateral trade。

Theoretically，The multilateral trading system is used as an international public item，Not only does it have non -competitiveness and non -discharge，The scope of influence exceeded the country、Regional or National Group's boundary，widely covered developed countries and developing countries、Big Country and Small Country，Therefore, the supply of multilateral trade systems highly depends on mutual cooperation between countries。Efficient promoting international cooperation of the multilateral trading system，A consensus on the existence of consensus on all reform matters between 164 WTO members bet365 Play online games has "difficulties in collective action"。The more realistic and feasible approach is now，Learn from the United Nations Security Council、The operation experience of international organizations such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank，Form the "core management" and the corresponding decision -making agency，It helps to solve the dilemma facing the reform of the multilateral trading system，Provide feasible paths for the implementation of independent governance in the international trade field。

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Current，Regional Free Trade Agreement in Global Trade Fangfei。Compared with it，Global trade rules can save a large number of organizational costs brought by a large number of dispersed negotiations，Improve international trade efficiency。Although the negotiations of the Dorha round are suspended and not decided，But striving to maintain the multilateral trading system with WTO as the core has become the consensus of the members of the members。The United States and China as the two major economies in the world，It constitutes the main supplier and builder of the international public item of the multilateral trading system，It must be widely concerned about the interests of the major emerging economies。Great country cooperation, especially Sino -US cooperation, is a key means to expand the scale of the supply of multilateral trading。

　Improve the supply efficiency of the multilateral trading system

Under the background of diversified global Bet365 app download power patterns，WTO provides global trade rules.，Urgently need to reform the decision mechanism of the WTO。For issues with greater controversy，Considering the "key majority" negotiation method，Using "trade share" instead of the "number of members" to measure the degree of intention of the agreement，According to the principle of the best benefit of the country，The open interests brought by the agreement that reaches the "key majority" to benefit all members。Current，"Key majority" negotiation model usually takes 90%of the trade share as the benchmark for achieving the best trade governance effect。In essence,，"Key majority" negotiation is a mode of cooperation in a certain industry or domain cooperation。Of course，In this process，It should break the situation selected and dominated by the developed countries，Expansion of the right to participate in the development of large powers in the "big country cooperation"，Promote the topic of negotiation to the textiles and clothing that the developing countries are concerned about、Agricultural products and other fields，Properly reduce the proportional setting of the "key majority"。

　　Optimize the supply mode of the multilateral trading system

In the eight -wheel multilateral negotiations of GATT/WTO，The supply of international trade rules highly depends on the "single hegemony mode"，It is mainly led by developed countries such as the United States。Since the 1990s，The supply Bet365 lotto review model of international trade rules has undergone important changes。The dominant position of the United States in the WTO is increasingly decreased，But still has a dominant position in many regional free trade agreements; Mexico、Chile and other developing countries and ASEAN use their own geopolitical influence and economic impact，signed a regional free trade agreement with many countries; some countries still have competition in the supply of public items in relevant regions。For this，Promote cooperation between big powers, especially the cooperation between developed powers and developed powers，It helps to eliminate the "erosion" of the regional trade system to the multilateral trading system，Public items supply models that cooperate with international cooperation and take into account the interests of all parties to effectively overcome the negative effects brought by the supply model of hegemony。When conditions and timing are mature，WTO can consider promoting and applied to the effective regional trade system to the multilateral trading system。

　　Balanced membership of the members of the multilateral trading system

The direction of the reform of the future multilateral trading system is，Take into account the interests of each member，Reduce the level of tariffs in each member through traditional way、Reduction of trade liberalization such as cutting non -tariff barriers to create organization rents，It should be better assigned the organization rent，The results of the WTO reform benefit each bet365 Play online games member。In this sense,，The interests of members of the member of the multilateral trading system have become an important factor for whether the reform of the multilateral trading system can be steadily advanced。Where，The role of the development of the big country and the emerging country as the coordinator of the parties to the negotiated parties，Balance the interests of all parties、Guarantee final negotiation results、There is a lot of interest in realizing interests and north -south balances。Development of major powers actively participating in negotiations of the multilateral trading system，Effective checks and balances of hegemonic thinking and unilateralist measures，Take out a practical reform plan for both efficiency and fair multilateral trading system，It has important practical significance。So，Cooperation of big country, especially the cooperation between developed powers and developed powers，is the core measure of the interests of the members of the membership of the multilateral trading system。

The direction of the development of the multilateral trade system in the future、Reform topic selection、Reform timetable and reform results，All members should be communicated equally、Gradually reached consensus under the premise of mutual respect。Considering the many issues of reform、The differences between the reform demands of the members of the WTO member，To improve the efficiency of consultation，Bet365 lotto review Avoid the situation of a small number of developed countries leading decision -making mechanisms，The process of negotiations and negotiations should ensure that some members of the developing members, especially the development of large countries, participated。To fully consider the representativeness of the members、Decision Transparency、Trade influence and other factors，Establish a core member decision -making mechanism representing the global public interest as soon as possible。The major country of trade must balance the relationship between the interests of national trade and global trade，Cooperation negotiations around the reform of the multilateral trading system，"Game Balance" of reform between developed countries and developing countries。In particular, the developed economy must take the lead in compliance with the new rules of the multilateral trading system that has been reached，helps to form a "demonstration effect" for other members，Therefore, the new rules are promoted and implemented in a larger scale，Really form a new multilateral trading system。

　(This article is the "Multilateral Trade System Reform and Research on China Plan" (20bjy194) in the general project of the National Social Science Fund "in the perspective of the big country)

(Author Unit: School of International Economics and Trade, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics)