For more than ten years，Cross -border e -commerce as a new foreign trade format develops rapidly。my country's cross -border e -commerce import and export amount continues to grow，The proportion of the total import and export of total import and export is close to one -third，It has become an important role in "stabilizing foreign trade"。Cross -border e -commerce is small with a single transaction amount、High frequent characteristics will "fragmented" in traditional foreign trade transactions，At the same time, directly connect domestic manufacturers and foreign terminal consumers，greatly shorten the transaction process，Save trading costs，A fundamental impact on international trade。In international trade theory，The result of trade is called "trade interest"，Cross -border e -commerce not only affects the total scale of trade interests，And the distribution of trade interests in participating countries and its allocation within one country have changed。

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First，From the perspective of globally，Cross -border e -commerce to expand the scale of global trade benefits。Trade benefits comes from the supply side from the professional division of labor、Economic effects of production efficiency and scale，The increase in consumer utility increase brought by the diversified of imported products from the demand side。From the perspective of production，Cross -border e -commerce has strengthened the international trade division of labor based on the Internet。Due to the elimination of the intermediate link of the transaction，Decrease in trade costs，Products with international competitiveness in a traditional trade model to decline，At this time, cross -border e -commerce uses a third -party trading platform as a carrier to gain competitiveness。Bet365 app download At the same time，The cross -time characteristics of the network make the cross -border e -commerce span the constraints of geographical distance，Producers truly sell all over the world，Open the international sales channel that cannot be developed using traditional methods，Easily shape international competitiveness with the help of Internet marketing models such as social media，Get traffic and orders，Therefore, the comparative advantage based on the endowment of the country is fully exerted。Production and sales expand to promote professional division of labor and scale economic effects，International trade interests further increase。From the perspective of consumption，Because cross -border logistics is often out of the country in the form of postal packets，The main trading category of cross -border e -commerce has the characteristics of fast -moving consumer goods，​​Currently mainly concentrated in 3C electronic products、Textile clothing、Mother and baby、Beauty, etc.。Most of these products are necessities of life，The diversified choice provided by the cross -border e -commerce platform has greatly improved the utility level of consumers。At the same time，Buying a global shopping experience without leaving home is also a traditional international trade model that cannot be provided，Bonded stocking、The logistics innovation model under cross -border e -commerce such as overseas warehouses makes international trade have localized characteristics，Dispel the intermediate link of trade，Make terminal consumers face lower retail prices。These have improved the utility level of consumers under cross -border e -commerce，So as to further expand the international trade interests。

Second，Cross -border e -commerce makes the distribution between exporters and importing countries more balanced。Trade interests The distribution of trade interests depends on the negotiation of exporters and importers。Since the reform and opening up，my country's OEM processing Bet365 app download trade model mainly makes the distribution of trading interests tilted to the importer。In this new model of cross -border e -commerce，Exporters can grasp the dominance of trade interest distribution。First，Domestic producers on cross -border e -commerce platforms by analyzing browsing and purchasing habits、Reviews after receiving the data and other data directly contact foreign consumers，better grasp the needs of foreign consumers，Transformation and upgrading of the product，and take the opportunity to further shape the brand。Second，In the cross -border e -commerce supply chain，The subject participating in the distribution of trade interests has been reduced，The subject participating in the distribution of trade interests has been reduced、Domestic exporters、Foreign importers、Foreign distributors、Foreign consumers are reduced to domestic manufacturers、Third -party trading platform and foreign consumers，The effect brought by it is that the export price of domestic producers rises、Foreign consumers purchase price decrease。This price change effect is expressed at the macro level as the rise in exporters exports、Imported country import prices decrease，The trade conditions of the two countries have been improved。If the scale of trade benefits is certain，Changes in equalized prices make the distribution of trade interests more balanced between the two countries。More balanced trade interest distribution pattern helps reduce global trade friction，The process of promoting global economic integration。

Last，Look from one country，Cross -border e -commerce makes the distribution of trade benefits in one country more inclusive。The distribution of trade benefits within a country mainly involves exporters and imported consumers。For the exporter,，The main composition group of cross -border e -commerce is small, medium and micro enterprises, and even individual personnel，It is difficult for this group to cross the threshold for exporters under the traditional trade model。According to the point of view of the trade theory bet365 best casino games of heterogeneous enterprises，The companies that can become exporters are those with a large scale、High productivity companies。but under the digital economy，Fundamental changes in the path of enterprises entering the international market，A large number of small and medium -sized enterprises successfully entered the international market with the help of cross -border e -commerce platforms，Changed for a long time that can only be dominated by large enterprises for a long time、The pattern of the benefits of melon dividends，Small and medium -sized enterprises can also share the "bonus" of international trade，The inclusiveness of trade benefits is realized at the supply side。From the perspective of demand，Imported products in the traditional sense are often high and widow，High prices and scarcity make imported products often not within the effective selection range of low -income groups。Under cross -border e -commerce，Reduce the transaction link to enable the price of imported products to accept for ordinary consumers，Diverse long -tailed products prompt e -commerce to produce a scope economic effect，Consumers can always find products that maximize consumption effect through the Internet，A large number of imported products have become an effective choice for ordinary consumers，The inclusiveness of trade benefits is reflected on the demand side。

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Cross -border e -commerce while restructuring international trade interests，Its dependence on the Internet may lead to further intensification of North -South trade imbalances。The development of cross -border e -commerce is based on Internet infrastructure，This makes those "small countries" originally in international trade further marginalized，to exacerbate the risk of adverse globalization。Low "small country" trade participation in international trade，less trade benefits。At the same time，These "small countries" are often relatively backward economic development、Weak Internet infrastructure，Their participation of new formats of cross -border bet365 Play online games e -commerce is lower，Cross -border e -commerce will automatically exclude these "small countries" during the re -distribution of trade interests。So，The problem that may be caused is，Global trade interests have expanded，Those Internet penetration rates high、The trade interests of the economically developed countries have also expanded，But those Internet penetration rates are low、The trade interest of the country is relatively backward than the original contraction compared to the original，Northern and South Trade imbalances intensified。

Digital gaps have adversely affected global trade and economic integration，Cross -border e -commerce re -distribution of trade interests makes this adverse effects influence，Trade interests are really difficult to achieve in a short period of time。At present, the main destination of my country's cross -border e -commerce exports is still North America、EU、ASEAN and other traditional export markets，It has not opened up a new for the help of the Internet、Large -scale export market。Traditional trading model and cross -border e -commerce new format superposition，my country's trade with these main markets has further expanded。Therefore，In the context of the digital economy，It is an important job to make those trade "small countries" that is exacerbated by the marginalized trade，This also provides opportunities for global investment development。Increase network infrastructure investment in low -income countries，Establish a sound enterprise、Consumer credit system，Balanced distribution of truly realizing trade benefits，Only in order to promote globalization to develop in depth。

The virtual characteristics of cross -border e -commerce may lead to reinforced comparative advantage chain very fragile。From a traditional perspective，The comparative advantage of a country is based on the factor endowment and productivity，Comparison advantage Basic and strong，Once it is established, it will maintain a long period。Current，Adopting the appropriate path to strengthen the existing bet365 Play online games comparative advantage，It is a cross -border e -commerce continuous、Key development of healthy development。This year Amazon's large -scale titles against Chinese merchants involved more than 600 brands、More than 50,000 shops，The reason is mainly inappropriate use comments。In the e -commerce model，Relying on brush comments、Marketing Internet Red Explosives, although they can get a momentary bonus，But once the Amazon title is similar to events，So the comparative advantage of strengthening will be difficult to maintain。

Under the premise of cross -border e -commerce companies focusing on small and medium -sized enterprises，It may be difficult to achieve international competitiveness with technological breakthroughs。So，The current problem is，How to improve the international competitiveness of the product at the existing productivity level。Inserting with international standard、Effective online marketing becomes a feasible choice。First，Create an Internet brand。Make full use of foreign mainstream websites、Socialized Media、Live and other new media，Create an Internet brand，Improve product competitiveness and added value。Second，Cultivate cross -border e -commerce operation professionals。Cross -border e -commerce operations need international trade、E -commerce、Internet technology and other composite knowledge。Universities should adjust the structure and plan of existing related professionals，The government must provide relevant training and resource supply for the main body of cross -border e -commerce industry，Shop Design of Raising Practitioners、search engine optimization、Diverse and other abilities，Further enhances the professionalism and quality of the services of outer comprehensive uniforms and operating enterprises for operations。Although most cross -border e -commerce companies cannot break through the restrictions of product technology in the short term，But by improving business capabilities、Bet365 lotto review Accumulate human capital to shape international competitiveness，It is a sustainable sub -best choice。

　(This article is the impact and countermeasure research on the innovation and countermeasures of trading friction on the innovation and countermeasures of the manufacturing enterprise in Shandong Province "(2021RKY03043) in Shandong Province's key R & D Plan (Soft Science Project) in Shandong Province (2021RKY03043)

(Author Unit: School of Economics, Shandong Normal University)