The rise and rapid development of system science，Methods of thinking about the complexity of human treatment，Methods of thinking about the complexity of human treatment、The great change from restoration to the overall theory。As an important system theory，System Dynamics (System Dynamics) to explore the world complexity problem and non -linear causality feedback relationship for humans，Provides a systematic concept and method。Since the 1960s，The development of self -organizing theory and complexity theory further promotes the diversified development of system dynamics，I put forward new challenges for system dynamics research。

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Is the real world simple or complex，It is a theoretical problem that has long plagued philosophers for a long time。Facing complexity problems，It has also produced some philosophical and scientific ways of thinking and methods in history。

Early philosophers generally believe that，The real world is simple，This is mainly reflected in their philosophical defense of the world's original issue。They generally think that "everything is simple"，This simple way of thinking lays a deep -rooted ideological foundation for restoration theory。From the perspective of ancient Greek philosophers，Their exploration of the Bet365 app download world's original original，Partially reflected the logic and reasonableness of the scientific thinking of generations。Mili Metropolitan School in the Ionia region、Pythagoras School in South Italy，It can be called early ancient Greek philosophy。They gradually get rid of the restraint of myths，Start with a philosophical vision to examine the composition of the world。It can be said，The sages advocate to explore the entire complex world with a simple way of thinking，and try to restore the world into one or some entities or abstracts。They are simple in adhering to the world、linear、Balanced order、OK、Belief can be restored，And think that human acquisition knowledge also follows this basic concept。

With the rise of modern natural sciences，Represents the brilliant achievements obtained by Newtonian tactics，This type of restore theory with "the world is simple and restored" has achieved great success，Become the mainstream thinking method at that time。Restore theory thinks，Various complex phenomena can be recognized as a basic individual of interaction。But，Many scientists are deeply aware of the limitations of returning theory in scientific research。The first director of the American St. Philippine Research Institute of the World Complex Research Center、George A. COWAN believes，Although the glorious hall leading to the Nobel Prize is usually taken by the thinking of the theory of restoration，But the real world requires us to look at the problem with a more overall vision。bet365 Play online games This is exactly the strong call for people's complicated thinking methods。

　　The rise of complex thinking methods

Simple and complexity, although it seems to be two extremes of things，But it is the two very important and unable to split open thinking ways that look at the world。

Since the 1920s，The rise of system theory and rapid development have caused great changes in the way of thinking。The complexity of the system makes scholars deeply realize，The real world is not only simple，and still complicated。Facing the complexity of managing real society，system analysis in the field of system science and system management、System Engineering、Operational learning、A large number of theories and methods such as system dynamics。Based on these system theories and methods，Gradually formed a study of application system ideas。where，System dynamic, founded by Jay Wright Forrester from MIT，is one of the important areas of system management theory and practice research，Once it is proposed, it is widely recognized，and quickly become one of the important representatives of the overall thinking method of complex systems。

But，No matter how we understand and explain the world，Can't avoid the questions that philosophers have been questioning: Is the world simple or complicated? Should the understanding of the world's original theory or overall theory stand?、System scientist、System dynamics researchers continue to discuss hot issues。

　　Contemporary value of system dynamics

initial，System dynamics is widely used in the field of industrial enterprise Bet365 app download management，Therefore, it is called "industrial dynamics"。With the continuous expansion of the application field，Its name is gradually replaced by "system dynamics"。The Roman Club published "The Extreme of Growth" in 1972，It is an important milestone for system dynamics to be recognized and promoted in the world。Peter M. Senge at MIT of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology simplified the dynamics of the system，Proposal to build a "learning organization" through systemic ideas。His book "Fifth Cultivation" makes the system dynamic reputation.，It is even known as the "Management Bible in the 21st Century"。Current，System dynamics has become an indispensable method for managers' daily activities。

Early system theory provides a scientific foundation for the generation of system dynamics，The main source of the core concept of system dynamics。System Science was born in the early 20th century，and develop rapidly in the 1920s and 1960s，Main representative theory is general system theory、Control theory、Information theory, etc.。System dynamics is based on the concept of the above discipline。where，Open System、Feedback、Control、Information, etc. become the core concept of system dynamics。

The 1960s and 1970s，The problem of system evolution appears in people’s vision。Dimension structure、Classmate、Super cyclic theory, etc., is committed to explaining the conditions and mechanisms generated by the self -organization of the system，Discuss how to make the system develop from disorder bet365 best casino games to orderly，and the formation and evolution mechanism of the system。The rise of self -organized theory，Research objects that promoted system dynamics have changed。Researchers in system dynamics start to pay more attention to some more complicated，There is a variable variable、High -level、Multi -circuit and strong non -linear，and the feedback system for self -organized dispersing structure。Since the 1980s，Research on complexity science once again expanded the research field of system science。In the study of complexity, the emergencies、Adaptability and other concepts have an important impact on the continued development and application research of system dynamics to a certain extent，System dynamics began to involve research on complex adapting systems such as social ecosystems。

With the rise of interdisciplinary research，Many scholars gradually realize the grim of the management of complex social system，and the cross -study of systematic methodology is put on the agenda。Facing system structure complexity、Diversified situation of the problem、Challenge of differentiated interests of all parties，Managers need to have a variety of systematic methodology (including model、Tips, etc.)。In -depth exploration of the overall theory thought in systematic methodology，It has become one of the main research roads in the scientific community of international systems。But，The development of system dynamics still faces some dilemma。In recent years，Acedles based on the main model modeling bet365 Play online games and intervention and improvement of system dynamics through soft system thoughts。

System dynamics can achieve great success in system management，The key is to overcome the operation of operations、System analysis、Disadvantages of hard system ideas such as system engineering (these system thoughts contained in the road seem to be unable to solve the problem of no good structure)。Research from the Thought of Application Systems into the way to inspect system dynamics and its improvement path，For managers to grasp the behavior direction of the organization as a whole，and the potential problem of discovering social system management has important theoretical significance。System dynamics has a very important position and influence in the international system science and system philosophy.，In some countries, it has even become a mainstream area of ​​systematic ideological research。

In recent years，Related research on the complexity and sustainability of the social ecosystem，It has attracted widespread attention from scholars in the field of system theory and practice research。where，Adaptive governance with the characteristics of the complex structure and subject adaptability of the social ecosystem becomes a new research hotspot，and provide a cross -disciplinary entry for adaptive evolutionary research on the social ecosystem。System dynamics has the advantages of combining qualitative and quantitative，It will play an important role in the overall research of adaptability governance and social ecosystem。

　　(Author Unit: School of Philosophy at Beijing Normal University)