From the 20th century until today，Western literature and art theory and trend of thought push out new、Rushing in full swing。Forms of formalism and structuralism in the early 20th century，To the current academic circles against postmodern theory、Thinking of "Post -theory" and post -human theory，The new trend of thought and the challenges of traditional theory one wave after wave。But this period，The Western theoretical community has also experienced reflection on theory、Questions and challenges，Even the American academic community proposed the "Anti -theory" slogan in the early 1980s，I believe that the academic community has entered an era of "post theory"; more polarists have asserted that "theory is dead"，This triggers a big discussion on the theoretical reflection of the theory in the West and the Chinese academic community。Famous Western scholars such as J. Hillis Miller、Jonathan Cale、Paul Deman、Terry Igerton, etc.，All of the current status of theory、Crisis and development trends put forward their own views。

but，The development status of theory has a jet lag between the British and auspicious circles and the Chinese academic community。When the Western theoretical community began to consciously reflect on the theory in the 1980s,，The theoretical boom in the Chinese academic community is still in the ascendant stage，Even in the 1990s，The introduction and practice of theory is still in full swing in China。until the beginning of the 21st century，Only Chinese theoretical circles have begun to stand on the standpoint of Chinese culture and question the phenomenon of excessive theoreticalization。For example, the entitled "Critical Explore: The End of the theory?"，The theme revealed that the Chinese academic community at that time of the theoretical crisis consciousness and reflection; there are also domestic scholars such as Wang Ning、Shengning、Zhou Xian and others began to realize that the reflection of the current literary theory in the Western academic community has become a momentum，Therefore, actively write an article to introduce this trend and discuss in -depth discussions，Topics such as "post theory" and "after theory" have set off discussions in the Chinese academic community。

From the perspective of the world，The prosperity of literary theory in the 20th century is undoubtedly before the 1990s。and in China，From the 1990s to the first ten years of the 21st century，Our theoretical heat is actually in the prosperous period。The crisis of the theory proposed in the West is from the mid -1980s.，The crisis awareness of the so -called "post -theoretical era" in China is around 2005。Of course，The gap between Chinese and foreign theoretical consciousness is the cause bet365 live casino games of social history。At the beginning of the 20th century, we just came into contact with the Western romanticism、expressionism、symbolism、Modernism and other Western literary thoughts shortly，This upsurge containing literary and artistic practice and theoretical interviews quickly makes it located in conducive to the preservation of the seedlings、The realist thought of national salvation。The dominant literary theory after the founding of New China is a revolutionary realism under the influence of the Soviet Union。until the end of the 1970s of the reform and opening up，Only the domestic academic community has the opportunity to pay attention to the tide of literary theory from the West。The literary theory in Europe and the United States will be extremely declining，Our literary theoretical world is still rushing to it、Lien Forgotten Return。So，We hurriedly walked through the theoretical course of the Western academic community in the Western academic circles in the 1980s and 1980s。

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During the past 100 years，Western literary theory on the influence of Chinese literary theory is very important，Almost everywhere。Modernism、symbolism、Psychoanalysis Theory and other trends of thoughts and other trends of thoughts in the early 20th century and the 1980s swept the Chinese literary theory in the Chinese literature theory，Other theories such as existentialism、British and American new criticism、Phenomenology、Interpretation、symbolics、Western Marxism、Mythology prototype criticism、Reader response theory，Postmodernism that is generated in post -structural context、Post -colonialism、New historicalism、Feminism (the third wave)、Ecological criticism, etc.，All has laid deep marks in the Chinese literary theory world。These theories for activating the atmosphere of the literary theoretical community in my country、Expand our theoretical perspective、Rich our literary criticism practice、Construction of our literary discourse and discipline system，All play a role that cannot be underestimated。

But so many theories come in a short time，It is also necessary to produce a lot of raw swallowing peeling in the process of "localization"、Questions that do not dynamic food。Many scholars in our country have seen many difficulties that theory encountered in the past，Especially when facing the Chinese context and the "disconnection" of Chinese text。Many domestic scholars are very disgusted with these Western theories (especially some Chinese translations) of these 诘 聱，Some domestic scholars are very disgusted with the self -interpretation of the modern theory of the West，I believe that these empty and magnificent theories are indulged in the continuous delay of the capable chain，The ultimate loss of interpretation; some people clearly oppose the theoretical deficit of Chinese and foreign theoreticals，Opposition to the downturn of local theory caused by the dumping of foreign theories in China; some people point out that the use of Western Bet365 app download theory discussions in Chinese literature is mostly excessive interpretation，Therefore, it is advocated to build China's own literary discourse system。Domestic discussions in these aspects in the past 30 years are very lively and have profound insights。

In fact，Western theory does cause many problems when introducing Chinese contexts，Especially questions that Western theory and Chinese literary and cultural practice cannot be well matched。means，Even if we do not have misunderstandings or partial problems when we understand Western theories，Also there are still issues that are not compatible with local theory and local texts。For example, many domestic scholars have seen the consequences of blind worship and abuse of western literary theory to the Chinese academic community: Professor Cao Shunqing and others have proposed the problem of "pronounced symptoms" of Chinese literary theory，Professor Zhang Jiang proposed that some people "moved" Western theory "forced interpretation" of Chinese texts。Cao Shunqing emphasized that our literary theory has lost the traditional literary theory language of Chinese native literature due to copying and applying Western literary discourse，Then we lose our own unique thinking ability and ability，Proposal returning to traditional literary discourse。Zhang Jiang pointed out in his argument，"Forced interpretation" is the various (non -literature) theory in the West "active preset position、mode and conclusion，Prove the conclusion through an interpretation of conclusions "，These theories invading the Literature and Art Research Territory，Forcibly explains literary text with its preset positions and front conclusions，Therefore, it eliminates the aesthetics and literary value of literature itself，It has led to the disconnection of theoretical and text and self -copy of the theory，The theory then reduces literature to its slaves。Zhang Jiang thinks，Our current task is to start from Chinese literature practice，Persist in the direction of the nation，Back to the context of China and fully absorb the traditional Chinese literary theory of Chinese literary theory。

But we should also see the active side of us when "bring" Western theory，That is to look at history fairly，To see our "subjectivity" feature when learning and reference foreign theory。From the author's view，Two most prominent large -scale introduction of Chinese intellectuals in the Chinese intellectual industry，Fundamental is caused by China's theoretical scarce condition。Especially in the end of the 20th century, China has a large concentrated concentration of Western theory，A normal reaction after about 30 years of information in China。It is precisely in this sense，Some scholars think，We have been in the threat of theory today，The "missing state" of "the real original ideological inspiration and penetrating theory"。The theoretical excess accusations of the academic community、Poor of the combination of theory and text、The invalidity or illegality of text interpretation，bet365 best casino games Professor Jiang Chengyong once pointed out: The root cause of theoretical heat is the theoretical industry's thirst for theory and needs，Its starting point and motivation are good，Breaking the original rigid situation of the theoretical world and injecting the ideological vitality of it; for various new theories in the West、Exploring and trial of new methods，Open the new situation of the diversification of literary theory and literary criticism in my country，Many new results have also been achieved。So，"Analyze and criticize the defects of modern and contemporary Western literature，Reflection、Criticizing the mana of the theoretical fever in my country、superficiality and all kinds of misunderstandings are necessary，But the reason and deficiencies of finding innate and acquired in the theoretical subject are also indispensable or even more important，Because this helps the self -‘tone’ and ‘repair’ ”。Jiang Chengyong warns us: "Theory is important and indispensable，Don’t be scrapped due to the errors of the theoretical heat，Understand theoretical improvement、Theoretical application and theoretical construction。”

Overall，I think the introduction of Western theory、Trial or even misappropriation，It is beneficial to the development and construction of Chinese literary theory，Its role is positive。Here，We should not just see the various problems brought by Western theory and the hard set of life，Instead, we should see that we have achieved great achievements that we have achieved in more than 40 years, especially more than 40 years。Introduction to Western theory，Breaking the monotonous situation of the Soviet literary theory before the reform and opening up，People’s theoretical concepts and methodological concepts have changed dramatically。Especially the ideological liberation movement of the 1980s，New policy in reform and opening up，After the long -term imprisonment, academic colleagues began to set their sights on the world or even the world; there is philosophy、Sociology、Literature、Ethics、Political Science and other theoretical works of almost all disciplines。The input and reference of these theories to a certain extent promoted people's ideological liberation and the prosperity of the academic community。So，We must never forget to get the initiative and subjectivity of foreign theory。It can be said，Whether it is the introduction of Western culture for the purpose of saving the diagram in the early 20th century，It is still the introduction of Western theory that emancipates the mind in the 1980，All reflect the thirst of Chinese intellectuals on external knowledge，Reflect that we borrow the western cultural ideas to open people's wisdom、The desire of the rich country and the strong people。

　　Blind and reflection: The twists and turns to the literary theory with Chinese characteristics

At this stage，What we need to do is not to abandon all Western theories and keep the car closed at the door，but further improve our own theoretical literacy，Continue to develop theoretical bet365 best casino games vision，Further strengthen our subjectivity as a Chinese theoretical worker，Can build a Chinese literary theory discourse as well as compensation。Under the current Chinese context，We need to stop blindly obeying Western theory or Western theory horses on the basis of reflecting on the past and status quo.。This requires us to return to the context of China，Taking Chinese literary and cultural text as the core thinking object，instead of theoretical as the center、Use text to adapt to theory。For questions in this area，Many well -known scholars in China have proposed their own opinions。Professor Gao Jianping pointed out，We should adhere to the theoretical "plurality", "dialogue", "contemporary" and "practicality" and other principles，Neither the road of westernization，Can't refuse foreign literary theory，"Construction of Chinese literary theory，Based on contemporary practice，All the excellent results of absorbing human civilization extensively "，"Develop Chinese literature theory in the exchange dialogue"。I think，This communication and dialogue is both horizontal communication，Including translation of foreign theory、Use、Correct、Development; also a vertical dialogue，We need to absorb excellent literary theory resources from traditional culture，Integrate it into the current literary theory of literary theory。

my country's theoretical circles in the 21st century are undoubtedly a great thing。"Anti -theory" or "post theory" topic proposed by the Western theoretical community，It just gives me a deep opportunity to reflect on our theoretical world。In the Western Academy，Although there are many people who have a heavy question about theory，But the legitimacy of its theory has not been affected very much，Theory will still occupy an indispensable position in future literary criticism and cultural criticism。The theory is like Deman、Miller、Cale and other firm confidence in the future of theory。Demman pointed out in his "Resistance on theory"，Some people's resistance to theory in the theory in the name of "ethics and aesthetic value" actually reflects their anxiety and fear of the theory，Because of "the theory opposition to the philosophical tradition, including aesthetics，The theory will overturn the classic literary classic，The boundary between the literary discourse and non -literary words will be blurred "。He believes that theory can help deeper literary reading，Not only will it not lead to the end of literature，and will continue to play an important role in literary criticism.。Miller respects a critical "Rhetoric Reading"，It is believed that only this de -mysterious interpretation can allow readers to see the connotation of the text and the relevant races behind it、Unjust assumptions of gender, etc.。Cale even pointed out，Although theory has been degraded，But in fact the theory has achieved victory，"Because it's the shadow everywhere"。

In the world of literary theory，Although some people have sang the theory of decline in the past few years，But we are still Bet365 app download happy to see some domestic scholars attach great importance to theory，and continue to achieve gratifying results on the academic road of theoretical construction。Ru Fanren Professor Zeng Fanren's combination of western ecological aesthetics and traditional Chinese aesthetics proposed the theoretical concept of "life aesthetics"，Professor Cao Shunqing is based on ancient Chinese literary theory and revised the comparative literary ideas of the West to propose "comparative literature and mutation"，Professor Fu Xiuyan breaks through the tradition of Western narrative science and constructs the "Chinese narrative science" that focuses on Chinese traditions，Professor Nie Zhenzhao proposed "Literary Ethics Criticism"，Professor Zhang Jiang put forward the claim of Chinese interpretation on the basis of criticizing the Western "compulsory interpretation theory"，Professor Hu Gengshen was inspired by ecology and proposed "Ecological Translation"，Professor Zeng Daxing、Professor Zou Jianjun, etc., proposed "Literary Geography"，Become a bright spot in the Chinese literary and art theoretical world in the past ten years。Total view of these new theoretical growth points in Chinese literary theory，You can see a few common features。One is interdisciplinary。Literature Ethics、Ecological Translation Theory、Literary Geography, etc. are new theories that cross different disciplines and post it after the discipline mix。The second is dialogue and communication。Including both Chinese and foreign theories, including dialogue exchange of ancient and modern theories，such as ecological aesthetics、Chinese narrative、symbolics、World Poetics, etc.。Third is to focus on both literature and social reality，Ru Sheng Aesthetics、Literature Ethics、Chinese interpretation, etc.。This undoubtedly reminds our future theoretical exploration some development direction。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in an important speech at a symposium on the Society of Philosophy and Social Sciences，To speed up the construction of philosophy and social science with Chinese characteristics，Based on China、Drawing on foreign，Digging History、Grasp the contemporary，Care humans、Future -oriented thinking，Focus on building a philosophy and social science with Chinese characteristics，Guiding thought、Disciplinary System、academic system、The discourse system and other aspects fully reflect Chinese characteristics、Chinese style、Chinese Qi Pai。This policy is timely and very far -sized。Our literary theoretical research，Just like the practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics，It is now in a vital new development stage，Hundreds of years of academic accumulation、Exploration and pursuit of several generations of generations，Give us a wealth of academic heritage and deep academic accumulation。Of course we cannot ignore the various problems that we currently encounter，But you must never use skepticism and nihilism.。What we need to do is Bet365 lotto review to stand on the shoulders of the predecessors and continue climbing the peak。And the reason why we can examine the past from the advantages and perspectives of the future party，It is just thanks to the courage and courage of Qishan Forest in the blue width of the predecessors，It is the academic road that they have opened a twisty but eventually leading to Chinese characteristics。

2021 is the beginning of the "14th Five -Year" plan，We need to seize this historical opportunity，Plaster，Strive to make the humanities and philosophy and social sciences in a new step in the next five years。The literary theoretical world is urgent to do，I want to reflect on the introduction of Western literary theory in the past、Practice、On the basis of exploration，Learn the lesson and experience of the predecessor，The cultural context based on China，Focus on China's social reality and development characteristics，Efforts to grasp the changes and pulse of the times，Forecast my country and the world's development direction，Deeply analyzes the characteristics and needs of the people in our country in the social transformation period，"According to China's Based on China、Drawing on foreign，Digging History、Grasp the contemporary，Care humans、Future -oriented thinking，Focus on building a philosophical and social science with Chinese characteristics "。This is an inexplicable responsibility of the literary theoretical world，Also the ability we have the ability to do。

　　(This article is the key project of the Beijing Municipal Social Science Foundation "postponent" colonialism、Global Studies of Worldism and Chinese Literature (18WXA002)、Tsinghua University's independent scientific research plan funding project phase results)

(The author is a professor at the Department of Foreign Language and Literature of Tsinghua University)