From the text point of view, the rabbit work in the late Oracle of the Shang Dynasty("Collection" 10197)，Western Zhou Hanhuang Father Dingzhong Rabbit("Integrated" 2548)，It means that rabbits have entered people’s daily life very early。"Said the Wingwen · Rabbit": "Rabbit，Beast Name。Elephant，After the tail shape。Rabbit head andThe same head。"Zhang Shun Hui Press:" The words of the rabbit also，It is said that it is good and self -solving。Rabbit walking is very fast，Suddenly, see，The so -called moving like a rabbit also。""，Huazhong Normal University Press, 2009 edition) So，Yi、婏 婏 婏，That is quickly、The meaning of good running。It reflects the lively and active of the rabbit from the text、Flexible and agile characteristics。"Book of Songs" in "Book of Songs" and "Yueyue Rabbit" describes the appearance of rabbit freedom and jumping cunning。According to Yuan Jing statistics，So far，Among hundreds of animals in my country，It is found that there are 79 places with rabbit relics。From the perspective of geographical range，It is mainly concentrated in the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin;，It is mainly concentrated in the Neolithic era，and Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties and Han Dynasty。("Animal Finding Ancient: Finding China in the Zodiac"，Guangxi Normal University Press 2023 Edition)

Decoration of rabbit patterns on the bronze wares originated from the late business Wangyu Yinxu area，With the migration of Yin people at the end of the Shang Dynasty，Rabbit pattern bronze wares expand from the Central Plains to the surrounding area，Users involve merchants、Zhou Ren、Qin people and grassland nomadic peoples。Shang Zhou period，The emergence and distribution of rabbit patterns is a microcosm of the development of Chinese bronze civilization。

Rabbit in bronze civilization in the Yellow River Basin

Shang Zhou period，Copper bet365 live casino games Copper Copper is one of the bronze rituals with the most animal patterns，Plane realistic rabbit patterns are often and elephant pattern、Bird pattern、Snake pattern or dragon pattern is decorated on the copper。Early beast noodle patterns of the Elephant Beast Face of Daishang Village, Anyang, Henan Province，Fluttering rabbit，Rabbit head micro，Slightly leaning back，Short -tail upper warp，Fill in the rabbit body with scales，Shunchen appearance。，Rabbit patterns are also seen in the elephant rabbit beast noodle pattern、Beast Facing collected by the Ferl Art Museum in the United States，and 疐觥 疐觥 疐觥 疐觥 疐觥 疐觥。The first three pieces were unearthed in Yinxu，Dynasties for the late Shang Dynasty。As for the age of 疐觥，Chen Mengjia Cong instrument、The judgment on the decoration is the early Western Zhou Dynasty。("Western Zhou Copper Broken Reconstruction" Previous，Zhonghua Book Company 2004 Edition) The decoration of the 疐觥，The expression of the sacrifice is no longer like the late Shang Dynasty，Dynasties should indeed be at the beginning of the week。Ge Ye's neck in the northeast tomb of Luoyang Old Town decorated eight lying lying rabbit patterns，Two or two phases，The string pattern is bounded up and down。(Luoyang Museum: "Luoyang Beiyao West Zhou Tomb Cleanings"，"Archeology" 1972, No. 2) Rabbit long ears sloped，Short -tail lift，The head is slightly low，Leaning back with legs，Face -to -eat，Frequently expression。Ge Yan is related to the Ge people in the Oracle of Yin Dynasty，Bupu records "Wei Ge Ren" ("Collection" 33002)。The user of Ge Ye should be the Yin Lisu of the early Zhou Dynasty，Its bronze decorative rabbit pattern，probably good at hunting with Ge people、Like rabbit related。Late Shang Dynasty，The only bronze ceremony decorative rabbit pattern is found in Anyang, Henan; early Zhou，Rabbit patterns appear in other device categories of Yin Lisu，The decorative rabbit pattern on the bronze ware should be derived from the Shangwangwang area。

The rabbit -shaped decoration bet365 best casino games on the bronze ware has strong artistic expression，Also with people’s life、Production and ideological and belief is closely related。Rabbit pattern is not simply decorative on the ritual for sacrifice，but the medium of communication between the sacrifice to communicate with the ancestors。The layout and configuration of the rabbits surrounded by the dragon and tiger should be an intentional arrangement，Has a certain symbolic meaning，May imply that rabbits are used as sacrifice or hunting objects，With the assistance of Dragon and Tiger，Pray to the ancestor gods for a good wish。

Rabbit in bronze civilization in the Yangtze River Basin

Rabbit patterns on the bronze wares of the Yangtze River Basin are generally decorated with relief methods on the lid of the bronze ceremony、Shouchou and other positions。Zeng Houji, unearthed from M28, Yejiashan, Yejiashan, Suizhou, Hubei，The lid button is a standing rabbit shape，Rabbit ear stickers，Both eyes are angry; the duct drooling is decorated with an antlers climbing beast，High -relief -shaped new and three -dimensional climbing beasts make copper 盉。The era of Zeng Houzheng was early Western Zhou。

Hubei collected in the National Museum of China，Catching hand cover，Round Drum Nellast，Half -shaped 鋬 鋬 鋬，Tingming "Night Supervisor Xin Baoyi"。Some scholars think，"Night Supervisor" is the supervisor of the Zhou Dynasty set up in the night kingdom，Zhu Jian is the world guard，From Zhou Tianzi to Life，Lords in status。(Tian Zhi, etc.: "System of New See Hubei Supervisor and the Western Zhou Dynasty Supervision System"，"Jianghan Archeology" No. 1, 2015) Night Supervisor first test "Father Xin" to use the Japanese name，The title of the businessman is in line with the businessman，The identity of the night supervisor may be a businessman。

From the shape of the shape，This canine ring -shaped ears that are popular in the early Western Zhou Dynasty belong to the style of Yin Lisu，In Baoji Stone Gu Mountain、Zhuyuangou、This type of 簋 found in the Western Zhou Dynasty found in Jinnan Yong Ningbao and other places，Most of the owners are not the surname bet365 live casino games of Ji Zhou。The Bunny Bronze Bronze Ware in the early Western Zhou Dynasty of the Yangtze River Basin，Its layout and decorative techniques break the atmosphere of the late business bronze wares，Create a fresh and natural aesthetic interest。

Compared with the rabbit pattern in the late Shang Dynasty，The rabbit pattern in the Western Zhou Dynasty is no longer a dragon with mysterious colors、Tiger and other decorations appear together，It is used alone to decorate、簋、Zun、卣，Rabbit pattern changes in the sacrifice function。Casting "device" elephant，People cast the bronze ceremony with three -dimensional rabbit -shaped decoration，On the one hand, it is related to the petite and round cute figure of the rabbit; on the other hand,，"Rabbit said to be bright", "move like a rabbit"，The spirituality and strong vitality of the rabbit are appreciated by Zhou people。The innovative application of rabbit patterns on the copper ceremony has a lot to do with the spirit of pioneering and inclusiveness of the nobles at the beginning of the week。

Rabbit in the bronze civilization in the northern region

Jin Di is close to the northern grassland area，Doron Ren，A total of 7 rabbit -shaped bronze residues were unearthed in the Jinhou cemetery，Scholars generally believe that rabbit Zun may have cultural factors in the northern Rongdi。Jinhou Tomb M8 unearthed 3 rabbit shapes，Among them, M8: 20 retains the horn -shaped port of Zun，Under the lying rabbit -shaped body，m8: 21、m8: 22 Two rabbits showed a piercing shape，Two ears close to the neck，Babbled body hollow，Four -foot bend，Shape the static beauty of the rabbit。According to the carbon fourteen period, measurement，M8 is equivalent to Xuan Wang Shi。(Qiu Shihua et al.: "The Carbon in the Fourteenth of the Jinhou Cemetery M8 and the Jindu Bell"，"Archeology", 1999, No. 5) Rabbit temperament meekness，The ability to reproduce at the same time is strong，There are so many rabbits unearthed in the Jinhou Cemetery may have the beautiful meaning of the prosperity of the children and grandchildren。Jinhou Tomb M8 is stolen，Copper Bet365 app download ceremony is basically retained in the original position，Ding、簋、square pots, etc. are located in the southwest corner，and the three rabbits are located at the southern end of the puppet room，That is the top of the tomb owner，The core position of the burial bronze ritual，means that the rabbit has a special significance for the tomb owner。

On the occasion of the early and middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Tomb of the Jin Hou couple M113 and M114 unearthed the pigs and bird respects，In the late Western Zhou Dynasty, Jinhou Tomb Rabbit Zun is more than both，During this period, the rabbit has a special significance in the tomb funeral ritual that transmits emotion to the deceased during this period。"Book of Songs · Da Ya · Si" said:，If Best Boy。"" The wife of the King of Wenwen, the big tradition,，There are many children。"The Book of Songs, Da Ya · Shengmin" means "Kewei Kee"。Ephesi No Child "。means to hold a sacrifice，Eliminates the disaster of no child。Zhou people attach great importance to the reproduction of the son -in -law，Common "children and grandchildren" category in the bronze inscription。Book of the Midsteenth Period of the Shanghai Museum 嗌卣 An inscription records: "，Jue Name Yi，Said: ‘Son and Sun Bao。，Ziyan died first。Dead Zi，Son with Sun。Dare not dare，叨Casting Yi，Used as the royal royal ancestor、Parents、Multi -God，No thought，弋 嗌鳏，Widow 祏 祏 刜。"" ("Integrated" 5427) means that the son of 嗌 is dead，Danzi has grandson，嗌 This is a grand festival for this for this，and sacrifice grandparents、Parents and Gods，Make the ancestors god blessing to help offspring。In the concept of Zhou people，Children's reproduction is the successor of the ancestral temple.。The large number of bunny of the tomb of the Kingdom of Jin Kingdom，When you have blessings, Jin Hou descendants are prosperous、Jin Guozong Temple sacrifice the righteousness。"Erya · Shi Beast" cloud: "Rabbit said to give birth。""，Birth original refers to the reproduction of rabbits，Later, gradually used for human fertility，bet365 live casino games Rabbit Zun earlier hidden this beautiful wishes。

other，People in the north and northwest are also decorated with rabbits in copper car horse、Tools and other small -piece living items。Such as a rabbit -shaped decoration unearthed from the early Spring and Autumn Period of Longxianzhuang, Longxian, Shaanxi，Decoration on both ends of Che Heng，Rabbit decoration rolls; 4 pieces of rabbits。Rabbit -shaped puppets reflect the relaxation and freeness of people in hunting activities。，A copper knife unearthed from the M31 of the Zhoujia cemetery in Aohan Banner, Inner Mongolia，Rabbit patterns of the handle decorated with a mouthful of ears，Rabbit body decoration cloud pattern。Duo Rabbit's Called Copper Jewelry is also seen in the Ordos area，These rabbit pattern bronze wares depict a cultural life scene of the northern grassland。Rabbit was an important source of meat at that time，It is also the main object of people hunting during the Shang and Zhou dynasties，"Collection" 10407 records a hunting result: "Get 6、豕 ten and six、Rabbit Hundred and Nine and Nine。"" through hunting，It can achieve the purpose of military exercise。"Mencius Teng Wengong" contains "Zhou Gong Xiangwu，诛 …… ……、Leopard、Rhino、Far away from the elephant "。

Rabbit -shaped ornaments first appeared on the new stone artifacts and jade。Film jade rabbit unearthed from the Lingjiatan site of Anhui, 5500 years ago, is the earliest rabbit -shaped jade，There are rabbit -shaped pottery in Shijiahe culture in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River，But the rabbit pattern on the bronze wares of Shang and Zhou Dynasties is more diverse，It also contains more meanings。Fantasy animal patterns such as rabbits and dragons and elephant patterns、Bird pattern、Snake pattern and other realistic animal pattern combinations reflect the relationship between the late people and animals in the late Shang Dynasty。Western Zhou Dynasty，Rabbit patterns are independent from the combined decoration，Decorative bronze type more，The shape is more vivid，Style is more realistic。Looking at the entire Shang and Zhou dynasties，bet365 live casino games Whether it is driving、Hunting and other life scenes，Still use the rabbit sacrifice to pray for multi -child，Rabbit patterns express emotions、Treatment of sentiment is a good choice。Rabbit has different expression forms in bronze civilizations in different regions in early China，But in terms of spiritual bond，The cultural image represented by the rabbit spans the region，Even through ancient and modern，Maintaining the simple emotions and good wishes of the common Chinese nation。

(This article is the "Study Research on Ancient Chinese Bronze" (19xkg009) in the Western Project of the National Social Science Fund)

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture, Shaanxi Normal University)