Johan Huizinga, 1872-1945) is the outstanding historian innovator in the Netherlands，It is also the famous cultural historian after the 19th century Swiss historian Jacob Buckerharrt。The two of them are also known as the pioneer and pioneer of the new cultural history。Herjinha's in -depth view of historical facts and unique applications of historical materials，Basic concepts and categories for cultural history as a branch discipline for history，and provide new historical ideas and histori -vision for historical research。He influenced the development trend of new cultural history since the 20th century under the broader humanistic history research paradigm，Become one of the important figures to promote the development of modern Western history。

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Herinha's historical thought is first of all in the view of cultural history。For the late 19th and early 20th century，The whole Europe is permeated with a "cultural crisis" caused by industrial civilization，He actively advocates "history of culture"。In the article "The Mission of Cultural History" published in 1929，His history and political history、Division of economic history，and point out，Cultural history compared to more comprehensive、Knowing history more deeply，For "theme、symbol、Concept、Ideal、Style and Feelings "and other cultural categories to study，Show the emotion of people in a specific historical period、temperament and dream。He thinks，Cultural Bet365 lotto review history involves law、Philosophy、Music、Literature and art and other history，But the research of these specialized history cannot replace the history of culture，Because "culture exists only as a whole"，Only historians use the "method of continuously changing cultural style to conduct overall research methods"，Life、The pattern of art and thought is integrated together，It is called the history of culture。

The research results and main cultural history of Heidinha cultural history are reflected in several works that have a greater impact: "American and crowd" (1918)、"Middle Ages" (1919)、"Question of Renaissance" (1920)、"Irasmo Biography" (1924)、"Ten Papers" (1926)、"Cultural History Discussion" (1929)、"Renaissance and Realism" (1929)、"Tomorrow is Coming" (1935)、"The Man of the Game" (1938)、"The Dutch Civilization of the 17th Century" (1941), etc.。These works fully indicate，The cultural history research method of Herinha and the research style of Book of Buckerhart in the book "The Culture of the Renaissance of Italy"，They all attach importance to the subject of history -people's history，That is human life、Human feelings、The spiritual essence of a person and the meaning of the person。Bakhart believes that the essence of the Renaissance is not the revival of classical culture，and in the rise of modern spirit，Especially "plump and complete human nature discovery" has become the beginning of modern history of the world。So，Hitzinha highly evaluated Bakhart in the fourth editor of "The Culture of the Italian Renaissance" "The Discovery of the World and the Discovery of Man"，The content of this part can be regarded as a classic example of bet365 best casino games cultural history，It perfectly interprets the essential characteristics of cultural history，reveals the history of the world as the same important as the history of people，and closely connected between the two。

Heidinha thinks，The concept of history and culture is dependent on，Historical research and cultural interpretation、Cultural criticism is also complementary。So，He proposed to establish a method and theory of "cultural morphology"，Build an overall structure covering the elements of various cultural。At the same time，He also proposed the famous "cultural balance theory"，He thinks，Crisis in the field of ideology and culture is more serious than imbalances in social life，Once the ideological and cultural crisis, it will affect all aspects of social life，Then leads to the generalization of crisis。So，He emphasizes，We must be in the new、On the basis of more stable, go to the valuable heritage left by history。

　　Discipline History Vision and History Method

Hitjinha's writing involves linguistics、Religious Teaching、Cultural philosophy and psychology areas，This has also made him a cultural critic、biographical writers and anthropologists' weight identity。He thinks，"Reappear" in a specific historical period，Multi -disciplinary methods must be adopted，Only in this way can we get a full understanding of history。He uses symbols、Poetry、symbol、Proverbs、Endless text and other materials with evidence，The concept of a specific historical period、mentality、In -depth exploration of Burgundy culture at the end of the Middle Ages，It is considered to be the representative of the "history of mentality"。Contemporary French new historian Jacques Legos bet365 Play online games highly evaluated Hydinha's pioneering contribution to the study of mentality history，I believe that he has a deep and keen capture of the times，Follow the collective psychological structure of the public in history，Especially pay attention to the personality of each historical figure、Personality、The significance of the spiritual structure contained in the behavior，In fact, the pioneer of the history of contemporary mentality。

Herjinha used cross -disciplinary historic methods and historic perspectives to form various research on the organic overall。His works can be said to be "Concentrated Teaching Materials about Western Culture"，While pointing out different cultural interrelated connections，He also "encourages people to surpass the boundary between any culture and impose to people"。In his opinion，Economy、Politics、Science、Philosophy、Literature、The history of art is the branch of cultural history，and any aspect of culture can not understand it in isolation，It exists in the cultural system that belongs to it and is also an component of specific culture。He emphasizes，The historian cannot rely on the official document simply，To make full use of those unofficial literature resources，both include literature at that time、Art works、Identification logo，also included people's clothing at the time、Bill records、Table etiquette, etc.，They all contain rich historical information，Become a historian to rebuild an necessary material for the past scene，This shows complex historical charm。

So，"Middle Ages" starts with all aspects of history，Show the details and scenes of life and life scenes in the 14th and 15th centuries Bet365 lotto review of Burgundy，Explore the thoughts of people in the late Middle Ages、Emotional、Ideal and Passion。He adopts the literary delicate narrative，The spiritual connotation of the artwork、Rich scrolls and proverbs of daily life，Show the lively historical scroll，Color and sound of French and Dutch culture at that time、ritual and superstition、Emotional and Value and other living history "reproduced"。

　Research the history of culture with aesthetics

Herjinha believes that "image is a component of history"。The original title of its masterpiece "Middle Ages" was "Fan Aike's Mirror"。At the same time, he also saw the oil painting "Christ in the Magis" with the author signed "Verme" as a pupae。He directly doubts，If a person does not have the knowledge of art history，Can you study history。Because in his opinion，The maturity of cultural history and the establishment or disintegration of the concept of Renaissance，inevitable is related to art history。

In Hydinha's historical narrative framework，Historical Aesthetics is an academic purpose that runs through the always。Although he is a professional historian，But is also a "historical painter" that is difficult to distinguish with Buckerhart。Hei Yijinha is the same as Bu Shi，Not only can you draw a beautiful sketch，And its histori -inspiration also originated from the understanding of art works。He was an excellent Sanskrit scholar at first，Its doctoral dissertation explores Indian culture from a wide linguistic and aesthetic vision。1903，In the "Research and Evaluation of Buddhism" at the Public Class of Leiden University，Hitzinha divides the history of historians into three ways: science、Art and Ethics。1905，In the article "Aesthetic Factors in bet365 best casino games Historical Thinking"，He pointed out，History theory must be readable，The aesthetic attitude in the historical thought can help us evoke the living images in our heads。As Wendel Ban said，The trend of natural science is abstraction，The tendency of historical imagination is to structure images。The task of his claim is "the image must be summoned"; "the characteristics of historical research are the way to build an image"。Another，According to his self -report，The idea of ​​"Middle Ages" is directly related to the idea and painting。

To form a complete historical picture，Herjinha emphasized the imagination of history、History insight、historical sense，and way of expressing the word expression beyond the simple logic activity。He said，The intention of historians is to help readers imagine the scene where the literal meaning is surpassed，To understand history while improving our ability to appreciate history。If you can properly form a "historical picture" on the basis of historical materials literature，Then it can enhance our "delicate sense of history"。So，Herinha adheres to a unique point of view: the aesthetic elements in historical thoughts are important，It is because of the partner of art history as a partner of cultural history，Not due to the cross overlap of their research content，but because of the highly developed "form" in the history of art,，"Form" is the intuitive presentation of cultural symbols。

In short，Herinha is the best interpreter for cultural history to "image as a historical document"，It is the full display of the style of "poetic and painting" and "exciting people" in its historical narrative method。Since the 1980s，A "cultural bet365 best casino games steering" in the study of Western cultural history，That is the "visual culture" Boxing，The cross characteristics of cultural history and art have received wide attention，The influence of He Yijinha also increases with the day。

(Author is an associate professor of the China Institute of Rule of Law Strategy at East China University of Political Science and Law)