National Theory is an important part of the Marxist theoretical system，But the rapid development of economic globalization，once made the country seem to be the yellow flower of the "surpassing"。But，Starting in the 1990s，The occurrence of "East Asian Economic Miracle" and the US hegemony policy further expand，Make people start re -thinking about the role and role of the country。

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No doubt，Marxist classic writers attach great importance to national issues，Discuss the origin of the country from different angles at different times、Essential、functions and forms such as functions。Their view constitutes the directional indicator of the theory of Marxist state，Understand the successor、Deepening and deepening this theory lays an important foundation。But，To a certain extent，In Marx、Engels and Lenin have died one after another，Apart from the critical analysis of the members of the Frankfurt School of Frankfurt School，National Theory has actually been silent for a long time。

The 1960s，Understanding the traditional interpretation of the country from the perspective of the tool theory is questioned，National Issues Reinvigators。Liefelh、Liefelh、Alduse, Provence and others have expressed their views on the nature and methodology of national theory，Tool Theory and Structure Theory、The debate of economic decision theory and relative autonomy shows the main features of national theory development during this period。Among them, the most influential theoretical incident is the "Smilbene -Provenis Content"。

1969，Milbende Published "Country in Capitalism Society"，Directly point Bet365 lotto review the theoretical spearhead to the allegations of the Marxist country view of the Multi -Doctrine，The two Big Marxist classic propositions of the two Big Marxist propositions are "determined by economic foundation" and "class struggle".，Reading the theory of Marxist country。In the same year，Pulangus, who holds the basic point of view of structuralism, is relatively accusing Mir Bende of failing to grasp the objective structural reality of the social class and the country，and further explain and maintain your point of view。A response，Mi Libende quickly wrote an article back。Both parties, you come and go，Anti -defense and defense，Ten years of theoretical confrontation。

This controversy without results is called "dialogue between deaf"，But it caused far -reaching theoretical effects。It really re -pulls the national problem into the mainstream research field，It provides a starting point for the innovation and diversified development of the theory of Western Marxist countries since then。This table is now: first，It has strongly hit the national theory of the bourgeoisie，reiterated the essence of the country's class rule，Indicates the disappearance of the absolute poverty and the emergence of the new ownership of the working class，It has not changed the fundamental attributes of a developed country's affiliated capitalist society。Second，Discussion on the relative autonomy of developed capitalist countries，Emphasize that capitalist countries as a relationship with "institutional entity" function，Explain the reality of contemporary capitalist countries。third，Controversy revealed the changes in capitalist production methods and their social effects，The national form of developed capitalism in the state of social crisis and their transformation issues have a critical point of view。

bet365 live casino games Starting from the early 1990s，Marxist countries theory entered a short tide period in the West。Contemporary capitalist countries have undergone new changes。Economic Globalization、Regionalization has spawned the birth of some super national groups，They have challenged the original privilege status of capitalist countries。At the same time，Economic globalization has also brought new opportunities、Improving the national system，Eashing social contradictions from European and American countries，Capitalist countries more use governance means rather than past governance methods to handle domestic affairs。

　　The recovery of the theory of Western Marxist countries since the 21st century

On the eve of the 21st century，Some changes in Western capitalist countries，This promotes the recovery of the theory of Marxist country。First，The United States accelerates the establishment of a single hegemony，Fully demonstrated the nature of imperialism's country，Discussion on the new path of scholars on the new path of American imperialism。Next，The rapid economic development of Asian countries，Show a way to exist in capitalist countries that are completely different from European and American forms，This triggers in -depth analysis of Western scholars in the form of non -European and American capitalist countries。Last，2008 financial crisis，Globalization of the capitalist economy encountered setbacks，Anti -globalization trend gradually spreads。Under the highlights of these problems，Western scholars began to combine the critical method of Marxist countries，Re -examine the structural function of contemporary capitalist countries，Promoting the revival of Marxist countries theory。

Negury and Hart in the "Empire Trilogy" ("Empire", "Volkswagen" and "Datong bet365 Play online games World")，Borrowing the concept of the "Empire" describes the new features of the country in the new liberal global rule。In their opinion，As the international organization of the super nation gains more and more power，The Empire as a centered、New power form without boundaries，It is replacing the traditional imperialist sovereign structure based on the nation -state。It breaks the clear hierarchy of the traditional imperialist internalism，replaced by "Differentiated by High Differential、The global power network structure composed of a highly flowing structure "，It is manifested as a distinction of no center and edge、Continuously expanding divergent network forms in non -compulsory assimilation。

Compared with the above views，David Harvey, Allen Wood, and others insist that imperialism not only does not disappear，Instead, it threatens the world with new means and ways，Capital and state relations reshape the form of contemporary new imperialism。They all agree that the country and capital are always in a dialectical relationship between contradictions: on the one hand，Capital accumulation will inevitably require the protection of national political power，and further extend the radiation range of national political power; on the other hand，Territory logic will inevitably cause hindrance to the endless expansion of capital accumulation，A clear contradiction formed by both parties。But，Different from the point of view of the two in the analysis of the specific expansion，The so -called "Harvey -Wood's Controversy"。Harvey believes that capital logic occupies a dominant position at the current stage of capital imperialism，Political power must continue to extend、Expansion to ensure the continuous occurrence of capital accumulation。Wood is the opposite，He believes that bet365 best casino games capital imperialism depends more on nation -state than ever.。

，The theoretical research expert of Western Marxist country Bob Yasup has published a series of works in the past 20 years，Completed the critical theory of capitalist countries in the era of globalization。He pointed out，Competition in the face of emerging industrialized countries，European and American countries have to go to regional union in the era of globalization，Its core is to use the knowledge economy to create a new competitive advantage、Reconstruction of the welfare national system based on the new principle of participating in work。This new change shows that in the era of globalization，The national type of capitalism faces many major challenges，But the nation -state did not go down，but being re -imagined、Reduce，To respond to the challenges of the times。In this sense，He reiterated the important value of Marx's world market and national world thoughts，Elaborates between capital accumulation and countries in different forms of capital，and the interdependence relationship within the country。

Perry Anderson's job is also worthy of attention。In the past 20 years，Several works he published will the actual survival status of the public、Political position and social class status and capitalist political ecology，Especially the combination of Western political parties，clarified the critical theory of your capitalist country。Its work is mainly concentrated in the following aspects: First, through the history of European integration，Emphasize the significance of geopolitics and ideology in the process of integration，reiterated the necessity of examining the national country; the second is to examine the historical evolution of the concept of hegemony，Criticized the nature of the country's new liberal hegemonic country; the third is bet365 live casino games that the prevalence of European and American populism is the response of Western society to the financial crisis，I believe that this trend cannot really change and challenge the form of new liberal countries。

　　Reflection of the theory of Marxist countries

Look at it historically，The development of the theory of Western Marxist countries is rooted in the keen observation and system analysis of changes and transformation of capitalist countries。Related research results prove that the essence of capitalist countries as class rule has not changed，Critical theory of Marxist countries is still a scientific tool for seeing the current operation of Western capitalist countries。But，From the critical sense，These studies have intentionally or unintentionally ignored the inspection and analysis of socialist countries，Weakened the scientific nature of its own theory。At the practice level，Socialist countries not only given a beautiful answer sheet on a series of issues faced by all human beings，It also showed a strong cohesion and vitality in a series of "Black Swan" incidents，once again proves the superiority of the socialist country，Give the Marxist country theory with richer connotation。

That's for this，We should reflect on and continue to deepen the theory of Marxist countries。On the one hand，Fully attach great importance to the Marxist country view，Development of national doctrine with the modernization of governance systems and governance capabilities，closely combined with the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics，"Adhere to and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics，Modernization of the National Governance System and Governance Capability，Strengthen the function of socialist countries，Highlighting the socialist country as the realization of people's democratic dictatorship、The essential attributes of promoting the liberation of the bet365 best casino games people。On the other hand，Continue close attention to the new changes and trends of the reality of capitalist countries，Summarize the development of contemporary capitalist countries and socialist countries from a critical perspective，Start from the method and content，Further enhances the value of the theory of Marxist countries。

　　(Author Unit: Marxism College of Nanjing University)