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More than a hundred years after Marx and Engels died in one hundred years，Capitalism has achieved unprecedented development，Deep structural transformation of capitalist production methods。This makes the theoretical boundary between class and class struggle that seemed to have already overflowed with traditional class analysis。First，In -depth adjustment of the structure of the capitalist industry，The complexity and liquidity of class structure，The number of two major classes in the traditional sense continues to decline，Rise of the middle class。Next，The internal heterogeneity of the workers class under the "rich society" prominent，Revolutionary decline。When workers get rid of the absolute poverty of the economy，The confrontation with the bourgeoisie has been greatly weakened。Last，The bourgeois rule has changed significantly and established "new hegemony"。With the development of democratic politics and the improvement of the new form of rule，The bourgeoisie as the ruling class becomes a hidden existence，The confrontation of the two major classes is gradually replaced by politics based on "consent"。Do these changes mean that Marx's class analysis has lost its science? the answer is negative。Examination of class problems，The key bet365 live casino games is to understand the true connotation of the "binary" structure composed of the "bourgeois" and "proletarian"。This means，Discussion of the question has to be returned to the analysis based on the "production method"。

Class is one of the core concepts of Marx Politics，The "class analysis" that is launched is still an important source of ideas for understanding the class problem under contemporary capitalist conditions，It is a scientific theoretical armed and mobile program provided by the struggle of the proletariat，It is a direct reality basis for Maxurge Engels for class analysis。At the end of 1847，Marx headed to London to participate in the Second Congress of the Communist Union，and proposed "overturning the bourgeois regime，Establish a proletariat rule，Destroy the old -class bourgeois society based on class rule and establish no class、The claim of no private society "。January 1848，The "Communist Declaration" that was finalized by Marx's final amendment was publicly released。The Communist Declaration is after the founding of historical materialism，Marx Engels and various socialist thoughts，The important theoretical expression of the final condensed scientific socialism。This text emphasizes that the modern bourgeoisie itself is a series of long -term development products such as production methods and exchange methods，At the same time as the bourgeoisie gives full play to its "revolutionary"，"The first thing that is produced is its own tombs" -The proletarian。bet365 best casino games This laid the foundation for the further development of class analysis。

Back to Marx's thought development We will find，Class analysis is not just the theoretical guidance of the "wartime" theory，More historic generation。Class analysis of historical materialism is marked by the establishment of the concept of "production method"。The final completion of this theoretical clue roughly experienced the following stages。First，In "Crozana Note"，Marx has formed the initial concept of class and class struggle with the help of historical research，Aware of the limitations of the political revolution of the bourgeoisie，And advocating that in order to achieve real human equality, it is necessary to eliminate private ownership。In the same period of the "Introduction to the Black Philosophy of Hegel French"，Through the inspection of the civil society，Marx clarified the proletariat that will generate as a liberation force，This class is the historical subject of human liberation。2，"Manuscripts of Economics in 1844" obtained on the basis of the first separation of capital and labor，The basic facts of the two major classes of "capitalists and workers" of human beings。third，In "German Ideology"，Marx Engels criticized Ferbaha from the abstract personal "love religion"，Emphasizing the need to be subject to certain material activities and material living conditions、Personal personal issues to understand history。So far，"Production Method" is elaborated as a new bet365 Play online games theoretical framework。It is also in this sense，Engels pointed out more than once when talking about "Declaration" later，The basic principle is historical materialism: "The main economic production methods and exchange methods of each historical era and the social structure that it must determine，It is the basis that the history of politics and wisdom in this era ...。Fourth，With the change of capitalist social relations at the real level，and Marx's understanding of the specific production method of capitalism，Class analysis is further internalized to the development of production and reproduction.。1852，Marx talked about the recovery of Joseph Weidemai: "The existence of class is only related to a certain historical stage of production and development。"and in the preface of" Political Economics Criticism "，It pointed out deeper: "The production relationship of the bourgeoisie is the last form of confrontation in the social production process，The confrontation mentioned here ... refers。"The two clues of class analysis of the class are expanded here: First, as a dialectical relationship between productivity and production relationships in the form of social production process; second, a certain social form reflected in the" social living conditions "，Conflict between the "production of production and its social form"。Correspondingly，This conflict is manifested in the social and political field as an irreconcilable struggle between the bourgeoisie Bet365 lotto review and the proletariat。Also because of this，"The bourgeoisie and the proletariat are not abstract individual existence and simple political groups，but the undertaking of the capitalist production process，It is a certain capital and 'personalization' hired work '"。

Deep cultivation of Marxism and its contemporary value，It is the basic path for us to re -understand class problems。This as a methodology basis should be clearly defined。

First，To penetrate the specific historical process，Breaking the concept expression of abstract abstract and false opposition。Marx pointed out: "If the expression of things and the essence of things will be directly combined into one，All science becomes superfluous。Discussion on the class problem should not be defined by specific concepts such as visible labor form and the composition of the working class，It is to inspect it based on the essence of specific social and historical conditions。The struggle of the working class lies in its "deepest (even unequal) experience of capitalist contradictions、Restrictions and oppression "，Therefore, as Illy said: bid farewell to the working class, premature time。

Next，From the perspective of historical subjects，Capitalism "Tomb Diggian" is still the "working class"。In the original sense of Marxism，The proletariat is the product of the capitalist production method based on employment labor，It is the latter that created "Except for the proletarians who have nothing to do with their own labor"。The reason bet365 live casino games why the working class can become the "real revolutionary class"，It is not naturally revolutionary because of its natural，Instead, in the development of large industrial development，The proletariat realized "only to abolish your existing possession method，to abolish all existing possession methods，can get social productivity "。Therefore Marx said，Products as a large industry，The demise of the bourgeoisie and the victory of the proletariat are inevitable。Although the capitalist production method and accumulation mode has changed，But as long as the overall mechanism of the capitalist operation and the production relationship behind it have not changed essentially，This logic is still valid。

Last，Since the working class has not separated from the capitalist operation mechanism，The scientific and effectiveness of class analysis based on the theoretical structure of the "production method" must be adhered to。A person's working class attribute is not in what way to engage in labor，or not whether it belongs to the hired position in the process of capitalism and create "surplus value" for capitalists。It should be clear，Marx's class analysis is formed on the basis of a certain material production method and its historic development，Therefore, "specific 'subject' constitutes the essence of class"。Also because of this，The proposal of "Community of Human Destiny" is fundamentally surpassed by 桎梏，is the contemporary development and reality of the scientific socialist world view。

　　(Author Unit: College of Marxism University in Suzhou)