The Chinese nation has a history of civilization for more than 5,000 years，Make an indelible contribution for the progress of human civilization。From the pre -Qin Dynasty's "Entry and Exit Friends，Watch Xiangxu "，To today's "one party is difficult，Eight Party Support "，The expression of mutual assistance has changed，But its essence has always been evergreen。Especially with the arrival of aging society，Mutual help aggregate as a way to keep the old -age care of Chinese customs quietly rise。In today's social structure that advocates diversified governance，Mutual help is becoming more and more played an important role。

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mutual assistance has a long tradition in my country，There are traces in the classics of the pre -Qin Dynasty to follow。"Book of Songs · Da Tian" "By Bing Bing，There is a stagnant ear here，The profit of the widow "describes the good farmers with compassion，Interested in leaving some grains when the farmers are busy harvest，For orphans and widows to pick up。Confucian classics "Book of Rites" about the "Datong" society: "The old man does not get his own kiss，Not only one son;，You have the director，You have the director，Those who are lonely and lonely abandoned Bet365 app download are raised "，It is a comprehensive description of the spirit of mutual assistance。

among the pre -Qin sons，Except Lao Tzu's "Damage and Insufficient Insufficient"、Confucius' "Benevolence"、Xunzi's "Fun Group"、In addition to the thoughts of Mozi's "love"，Talk about the most mutual assistance，The most familiar to future generations is Mencius。The "Dead Migration and No Township advocated in" Mencius Teng Wen Gong "，Tongjing Tongjing，Entry and exit friends，Watch Xiang help，Disease Support，Then the people are kinship "，Describes us in an ideal society，Harmony scrolls that care and help each other。other，And familiar "Old Old and People，young and young and young "，It is a strong manifestation of friendly and mutual assistance。Obviously，In Mencius's thought，A society with mutual help and mutual help is the ideal society。

Beyond the pre -Qin，The Song Dynasty was another peak of traditional Chinese culture，In this era of thought, there is also a lot of mutual assistance thoughts。For example，Zhang Zai proposed in "Ximing": "Respect the year，So it grows long;，So you are young; Holy，Its ethics; Xian，Its show also。Fanxia fatigue、Disabled、茕、鳏，All my brothers are connected without sued。"Obviously，This idea implies many mutual aid ingredients，Even the concept of modern social security。other，Song and its later Ming and Qing Dynasties a lot of county chronicle、Fang Bet365 app download Zhi、Note、Letter、Stele inscription、epitaph, etc.，Records the deeds of mutual aid thoughts by the virtuous villagers and Zhishi officials。

Social practice of mutual assistance

Due to frequent natural disasters，Governments of the past have used warehousing reserve ideas to solve the country's disaster relief and the problem of life of the people。Although the government was led by the government at first，But in the process of evolution, civil forces gradually participated in，Therefore, it has the essence of mutual help。Especially the evolution from Yicang to social warehouse and Guanghui Cang，Sinking the main body of relief，From cities to rural areas，From officials to folk，Mutual assistance thoughts are more obvious。For example，The Valley of the Social Warehouse originally originated from the house of the government and the rich，Later, there was a situation where the villagers raised the valley，This reflects the innovation of Confucianism on the social system to some extent。

Another traditional social organization with deep mutual assistance is the clan，It takes care of life、Starting righteous learning、Ashi disaster、Pension service, marriage and funeral, and other affairs handling in the process of dealing with affairs, play an indispensable role。Especially after the Song Dynasty and it，The impact of clan in grassroots society is becoming increasingly far -reaching，Including a family field with disaster bet365 best casino games relief and mutual assistance functions、Yizhuang、Yixue, etc.。The income of the family field is mainly used for sacrifice、Poverty、respect for the elderly、Awards、Assistance, etc.，For example, Fan Zhongyan founded Yizhuang's purpose，Except "Jingzong Collection"，It is still in realizing mutual aid cooperation within the clan。Visible，This blood -based clan mutual assistance guarantee and geopolical -based neighborhood mutual assistance network，shaped the Chinese folk informal security system and civilian non -formal economic system。

Because traditional China is a typical rural acquaintance society，Therefore, the practice of mutual assistance in rural society is endless。Help each other from farmer season、Marriage and funeral, marriage、Masolians when making a house，to various forms of chamber of commerce、Guild、Tongxianghui and other mutual assistance organizations，All show the era that lacks modern social security and commercial organizations，The importance of mutual assistance in folk life。For example，In Mao Zedong's "Xunwu Investigation"，"Jianzhi Gong Tian" and "Demonstration" and other social assistance organizations，Vividly presents the mutual aid culture of rural society in China，Both solve the difficulties of farmers，It also effectively maintains rural order。

　　The value of the new era of mutual assistance thought

Since the founding of bet365 Play online games New China，Especially after reform and opening up，A huge change in the social structure of contemporary Chinese，Gradually move from traditional rural acquaintance society to modern city strangers society，But the thoughts and essence of mutual assistance have long been embedded in people’s deep consciousness，Its vitality cannot be underestimated，Once the condition is available，It will inevitably produce a new form of mutual assistance with the change of social form。For example，Reconstruction of the rural clan organizations that have appeared in recent years，Various Township Clubs、​​Classmate Association、Chamber of Commerce and other organizations，All in the form of new society and business organizations，New embodiment of mutual assistance thoughts and practice。

If you use "Watching Assistance" to summarize the essence of mutual assistance，So in modern times，Mutual assistance is to mobilize the strength of all parties to the society to face the difficulties that may be encountered together。​​In real life，Everyone may suffer unpredictable risk accidents，But everyone's strength is always limited，Therefore, in the design and organizational structure of the social system，Efforts to create a cooperation with each other、The atmosphere or mechanism of helping each other，Is an effective integration of social resources。For example，In the background of aging Bet365 app download society，Pension is not only about economic development，and related to social services。Taking care of the elderly alone for children，Obviously it is not realistic, it is impossible to achieve，Therefore, all places work hard to explore and continuously innovate mutual help pension methods，Used to solve the problem of human resources shortage。

In the new era，Mutual assistance can also be understood as mutual help for internal help，to make up for the lack of government and personal security capabilities。As a whole，Jointly resist nature and social risks。Internally，Clan pension of traditional society、Internal relief of the tribe is a good mutual assistance practice，At present, it should also be reforming and innovating mutual assistance pension mode，You can encourage clan、The community supplements the problem of insufficient rural pension supply in charity or mutual assistance。On the outside，Mutual assistance can not only alleviate the adverse effects caused by various natural disasters and accidents，And can be used as a social capital for the construction of water conservancy in traditional society、Starting School, etc.。and modern society can fully play the spirit of mutual assistance，Vigorously develop volunteer organizations，engaged in helping the crisis and help、Social governance and disaster assistance, etc.。These are the values ​​of mutual assistance in the new era。

bet365 live casino games (Author Unit: School of Economics, Beijing University of Technology)