The expression of traditional Confucianism was & ldquo;，In the Qing Dynasty & ldquo; Sinology & rdquo;。Mingzhong and late stages，Cheng Zhuxue as the main content of the imperial examination，Become a stereotype that the scholar has made a fame。But，Lu Wang Xinxue as a folk academics has become the object of scholars for the sake。

The disadvantages of Cheng Zhuxue are cumbersome dogma，The disadvantages of Lu Wang's heart learning are & ldquo;，Talking on the root & rdquo;。With the decline of the Ming Dynasty，People feel the emptiness of science even more。So，On the occasion of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there was an academic tendency from transformation from science to Sinology，Where，You Lingnan factor promotes this transformation。

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Late Ming Dynasty，Lingnan has a pioneer of sinology such as Tang Boyuan and Lin Chengfang。Tang Bo Yuan，Chenghai Ren，Disciple of Lu Huai, Zhan Ruoshui Gao,，Ming Wanli Two Years Jinshi。He does not agree with Wang Yangming & ldquo; Heart Study & RDQUO;，Think of & ldquo; "Six Classics" theory of inadvertently learning，Confucianism of Inadvertent Care，Fan Yanxin scholars，Both Hou Confucianism & rdquo;，Therefore, Shang Shu opposes Wang Yangming Congwen Temple，Please Lu Jiuyuan。bet365 Play online games By "Bai Shawen" at the same time，To show support for the learning of Bai Sha。Tang Boyuan's criticism of Wang Xue，Open the new academic pioneer in the Ming and Qing Dynasties。He once said，& ldquo; Zheng Kangcheng、Zhu Yuanwan，All Holy Gate Tour、Xia Zhizhou & rdquo;，& ldquo; Nearly three generations of Han Dynasty，If Dong Zhongshu、Yangxiong、Liu Xiang、Zheng Xuan、Xu Qian，All are their masters，It is often available & rdquo;。These statements affirm the academic value of Chinese Confucianism and the reconciliation of sinology and Song Xue，This is also a common view of a Chinese scholar in the Qing Dynasty。In terms of scientific research methods，Tang Boyuan advocates & ldquo;，Not as good as the Scriptures for the Scriptures，Jie and Jie Ze Ming，Analysis and explanation is obscure & rdquo;，That is, in the study of all things in the Confucian scriptures、Like each righteousness，Make different Confucian scriptures confirm，This is also the method of governing the classics advocated by Sinologists in the Qing Dynasty。

Lin Chengfang，Sanshui people，Ming Wanli 14 years of Jinshi，Bleeding of & ldquo; Song Xue & rdquo; baptism，Proposal & ldquo; The purpose of Wang's conscience，Also with Chen's Lord's Story as the inside & rdquo;，Expressing reconciliation Chen、The tendency of Wang academic。but but，The content of the imperial examinations in "Re -engraving the Thirteen Classics" should be shifted from & ldquo; Song Ru Chuan & rdquo;Bet365 app download ，& ldquo;，It is still & rdquo;。He also appreciates the academic attitude used by Han Confucianism，Point out & ldquo;，Quotation of Scriptures，More separation and less，But often can be handsome karma & rdquo;。Therefore，He questioned，& ldquo; Anghi Perseverance of Song Dynasty? & rdquo;

Lingnan Sinology Great Confucian Chen，Point out in Lin Chengfang's contribution to Confucian academic transformation，& ldquo; This argument is no different from recently discussed Chinese scholars，and Mingwan Shi Shi already existed，The people of Guangzhou also，People in Guangzhou should know it today! & rdquo; This tells the world，The view of a master of Sinology in the early Qing Dynasty was consistent with Lin Chengfang from the Ming Wanli period。The meaning of its words，It can be understood as: Lin Chengfang is a pioneer that promotes Song Xue's transformation to sinology。

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Qu Dajun and "New Language of Guangdong"

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Qu Dajun appeared among the admirers of the Baisha of Lingnan、Hu Fang and Chen Yuefu and other buildings。Qu Dajun，Panyu people，Its thought has gone through the process of & rdquo; to & ldquo;。He proposed & ldquo in "Weng Shanwen"，Tao as home & rdquo;，Show the tendency to advocate the learning of Baisha。Another，He also declared & ldquo;，Knowledge -based & rdquo;，Emphasized & ldquo;、& ldquo; Knowledge & rdquo; and & ldquo;，Knowledge in the matter & rdquo;，For the first time in the history of Bet365 app download Chinese thought, & ldquo; Knowing & rdquo;。Based on & ldquo; Based on Knowing & rdquo; beliefs，Qu Dajun wrote a book of Lingnan Encyclopedia & mdash; & mdash; "Guangdong New Language" and "Wengshan Yiwai"。Da Qu is used to be anti -Qingzhi，Therefore, its academics have been suppressed by the Qing court and cannot be shown in the world，But his contribution in Chinese academic history is unquestionable。

Hu Fang，Xinhui people，Master Huishi in the early Qing Dynasty said he & ldquo;，Academic alcohol & hellip; & hellip; Note "Yi" and "Four Books"，6653_6663，The Cantonese people are compared to Jiangmen Chen Xianzhang & rdquo;。Hu Fang thinks，The way of the sages is not outside & ldquo;，The learning of sages is not outside & ldquo;，It is suitable for acting & rdquo;。He advocates the governance of the sages，Not outside & ldquo; Make the character's life，Reunion & rdquo;，It is necessary to take the purpose of improving people's livelihood and improving people's morality。

Chen Yufu，Xinning (now Taishan)，Born in Confucianism Zhengsheng、The Kangxi dynasty, the gradual Chinese learning。At that time，Faculty has long been regarded as the official and academic circles as & ldquo;，and Sinology is excluded in & ldquo;。But，Chen Yuefu believes: & ldquo;，Think about it well，How from Han to Tang a thousand years，Think about it well，The purpose of the sage is only one or two? & rdquo; So he wrote "Zhengxue Continuation"，Yizhao & ldquo;，The meaning of the sighted & rdquo;，and bet365 live casino games clarify that & ldquo; continuing & rdquo; Han and Tang dynasties & ldquo; Zheng Xue & rdquo;。He pointed out，& ldquo;，Remember to recite the relics，All with the Saint Gate，Do not also & rdquo;，& ldquo; It is said that the Chinese Confucianism is not as good as the Song of the Song Dynasty.，It is said that the Chinese Confucian Poor Sutra always has no vision to the sage and cannot & rdquo;。This is actually found the basis for the rise of Sinology in the early Qing Dynasty。Of course，Chen Yufu as Lingnan，Still inheriting the inheritance of Baisha as the mission。Therefore, he redefines the "Bai Sha Quotations"，To understand the learning of sand & ldquo;，Non -fallen Zen enlightenment & rdquo;。Another，His view of the portal of his opposition to the academic world，Special Yinzhuangzi & ldquo; Taoism will be alert to the word of the world & rdquo;。At the same time，He advocates the tolerance of each academic academic，Pointing out & ldquo;，& ldquo; Baijiayue，Finally entered in it & rdquo;。

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From the Qing Dynasty, the wind of Sinology raised in Lingnan

In the early Qing Dynasty, Guangdong Academic Chengbaiha and Yangming Yu Xu，Song Xueju dominated，Lingbei Sinology has begun to enter the prosperous period，At the same time in Zheng Huang、Huosqi、Zheng Huwen、Qian Daxin、Driven by scholars such as Weng Fanggang，The style of Sinology in Lingnan also started to rise。For this，Bet365 lotto review "Guangdong Tongzhi" edited by Ruan Yuan mentioned，& ldquo; Cantonese Dun Chongjing，"Guangdong Tongzhi" edited by Ruan Yuan mentioned，& ldquo;，and Huwen Fu Zhen's falling & rdquo;，It is said that Cantonese can & ldquo;，Passing the past，Talking about the success or failure of the dynasty，The right and wrong of the history of the test history，People know the mandarin of Lu Hai，Family Xi Donghu's learning & rdquo;，It is the power of & ldquo;。"Jiujiang Rulin Township" edited by Feng Yizong pointed out，& ldquo; Yuanhe Huishi、Daxing Weng Fanggang has studied Guangdong East，Taking the chapters of learning as a seduce，and then the young man who learned all the "Five Classics"。& rdquo; Lingnan scholars are also with Huosqi、Dai Zhen、Ji Yan、Qian Daxin and other northern sinologists in the north，Bring this academic fashion to Lingnan，Make Sinology grow in Guangdong。

After Ruan Yuan served as the Governor of both Guangxi，Founding Xuehai Hall，Guide Lingnan Academic from Song Xue to Sinology、From the time of focus to the point of view of the emphasis on practical learning。Lingnan began to enter the age of sinology，Lin Botong、Zeng Zhao、Li Yiping、Hou Kang、Zou Boqi、Chen Yan、Gui Wencan and other groups of Lingnan Sinology masters，Yue Ting School, represented by Lin Botong、The Dongshi School represented by Chen Ye and the Jiujiang School represented by Zhu Ciqi。These schools had a certain impact in the Chinese academic community at that time。

(Author Unit: School of Public Management of Guangzhou University)