Huang Mufu

In the history of modern seal engraving，Huang Mufu is a master of seal engraving，Is Ji Lingzhi、After Zhao Zhiqian，An print giant rising with Wu Changshuo at the same time。Although he is from Anhui，Deep Anhui、Zhejiang Second School Impact，But because of the eighteen years of living in Guangzhou in the south，It has formed a unique seal，It has a great impact on the Lingnan printing altar。

　　bet365 live casino games

Huang Mufu (1849 & mdash; 1908)，Famous Shi Tomb，The word Mufu is famous，Anhui Laoshan (now Qixian County)。He has studied fumigation from his childhood，End with the printing of poetry documents。Seal engraving is a child's age，Eight or nine years old starts to learn to print。When Mufu is 14 years old，The Taiping Army and the Qing Army are in a fierce battle in Qixian County，Homeland is destroyed，Later parents died one after another。For the survival meter，He was forced to leave his hometown at the age of 20 to make a living in Nanchang，First work in a photo studio，Later, it was specially printed bet365 live casino games with a word。Huang Mufu has lived in Nanchang for more than ten years，Since then, I will come south to Guangzhou to seek development。

Guangzhou is located on the coast of Lingnan，Quartet spoke，Commercial and Trade，Cultural activity。This is for Huang Mufu, who is a living for a living，It is undoubtedly an ideal place。Huang Mufu came to Guangzhou，After a period of time，A group of literati who have met in the local area，and got the expensive appreciation of the then Guangzhou generals and his son Zhirui。Mu Fu created a large number of works for them，Rely on their support，There is a relatively stable environment in life，There is also great development in art，Its printing art has also been widely appreciated and praised。Guangxu Eleven Years Yiyi (1885)，Huang Mufu is recommended，Entering Beijing Guozi Supervisor。Thirteen years later in Guangxu, Dinghai (1887) He came to Guangzhou again。Huang Mufu at this time，A reputation in Jinshi and seal engraving，It has entered the list of celebrities in Lingnan，Most of the associates officials、Time Junjie，The seal is even more endless。Therefore, during this period，He engraved a lot of seals。His seal engraving has entered the peak period of creation，Printing style is also completely mature。

Huang Mufu's engraving，Inherit the former sages Bet365 app download of Anhui and Zhejiang and return with three generations of Qin and Han dynasties，Public outlet，Forming the flow of Pingzhongzhong、His Elegant artistic style。His engraving，Small lines，Strong and sharp，Chapter Fa Ping is easy to integrity without lack of changes，Tibetan Daqiao Yukong，Gao and Elegant，It means long，reached & ldquo;，The highest state of reunion & rdquo;。The formation of this kind of printing wind，It has a close relationship with its travel in Lingnan。

Huang Mufu has lived before and after Guangzhou for eighteen years。This eighteen years for Huang Mufu，Not only the most important stage of his life，It is also a big change in its printing art、Big Development、A period of a big harvest。and its seal achievement，In addition to factors such as my own talent and the harder of the day after tomorrow，More than its extensive communication。Because of these friends，Make him from a folk artist from a mixed city well to be among the social scope of the upper -level literati。This not only allows him to have a good environment in life，You can get timely and powerful support in your career，More importantly, through these friends，Born his vision，enriched his knowledge experience，improved his artistic aesthetic realm，bet365 Play online games and spread and promote his seal。

　　Change the entire Lingnan printing atmosphere

Because he stopped in Guangdong for a long time，Seal flowing wide，Therefore, its engraving art has the greatest impact on Guangdong，Even twisting and changing the atmosphere of the entire Lingnan printing altar。As Mai Ganxiu said: & ldquo;、Huang，From Huang Mufu to the south，Changing at the atmosphere。Li Yin Sang、Mr. Dunria will follow，Zhejiang School is always not fashionable。& rdquo;、On the occasion of the Republic of China，Lingnan Printing Altar is the most popular with Huang Mufu's seal，There are many heirs。Due to it deeply affected by it and outstanding deeds，Liu Qingsong、Li Yin Sang、Yi Da Factory、Hu Man、Dunria、Feng Kanghou, etc.。Among them, Li Yin Sang、Yi Da Factory、Three Family of Dunria，Enjoy a high reputation on the Indian altar of the Republic of China。

With Li Yin Sang、Yi Da Factory、The second -generation Indian seal represented by Dunria，Make forward Mufu Yinyi，and passed through the gatekeeper and the heirs，Make the Laoshan faction get wider communication and greater development in Lingnan。and then pass by the second -generation Indian person，Then the third -generation heir who has formed the Laoshan School。Chen Rong learned from Liu Qingsong、bet365 Play online games Feng Kanghou and his nephew Liu Yulin，Dream Liang, from Li Yin Sang's learning、Feng Yanzheng and his son Li Buchang，Simalian menstruation learned from Yida Factory、Rong Zhaozu、He Xiufeng，Yu Zhongjia, who learned from Dunria、Rong Zhaozu、Zhang Xiangning，And his nephew Rong Geng、Rong Zhaozu、Rong Zhaoxin and nephew Deng Zuyi。Zhao Hao、He Yongzhai、Li Shouyu、Huang Wenkuan、Huang Siqian, etc.。So far，The spread and development of Lingnan in Lingnan reaches the heyday，Mufu's seal is all over Lingnan，Form a regional fashion。Lingnan seal engraving is under the influence of Laoshan Yinfeng，Don't start a lifetime，Different Army protruding，Has an important position in the Indian altar in the Republic of China。

　Creation of the Republic of China's India & LDQUO; Lingnan School & RDQUO;

In view of the spread and influence of Huang Mufu Yinyi in Guangdong，Someone directly calls him the engraving genre directly as the & ldquo; Guangdong school & rdquo; or & ldquo; Lingnan school & rdquo;。This title，At least the facts in the following two aspects: First, the source of the formation and development of Mufu's sealing wind is in Guangdong，The greatest impact on Guangdong's printing altar。Although Mufu had moved in Hubei in his later years、Anhui bet365 best casino games area，For Hube、Anhui Indian people have had a large impact，But the wide circulation、The depth of influence，It is the most with Lingnan。Mufu's printing art，Although there are Huang Shaomu、Qiao Dazhuang、Zhong Gang's medium -sized in all parts of all parts of the mountains，There are also many people from the masters，If it comes to the heir of the people、Order of inheritance，It's far from Guangdong。Second, it is on the Lingnan printing altar since the Republic of China，Huang Mufu's Yin style becomes its main characteristic and fashion，Lingnan seal engraving is also a place that can occupy an important place in the history of the Republic of China。So standing at this specific historical stage since the Republic of China，Let Huang Mufu & ldquo; Pushan School & RDQUO;、& ldquo; Lingnan school & rdquo; alias，To a certain extent, it is not unreasonable。

time to this day，Huang Mufu's seal is increasingly attracting people's general attention，Its influence also spread across the country，far beyond the area of ​​Lingnan。

(Author is a professor at the School of Art of Jinan University)