The four major academies in Xiqiao bet365 offers in the Ming Dynasty (Part 1)
June 21, 2013 18:01 Source: "Humanities bet365 offers" Issue 27, April 26, 2013 Author: Ren Jianmin

“Two firewood trees in famous mountains in southern Guangdong”,The Erqiao here,refers to“Dongqiao”Luofu bet365 offers and“Xiqiao”Xiqiao bet365 offers。Huo Shangshou, a man from Wanli era: “Luofu is the Immortal Cave,Qin and Han Dynasties and above,Already have a voice”,But the name of Xiqiao is “See you once and for all”。(Ma Fu recorded "Xiqiao bet365 offers Chronicles") Xiqiao bet365 offers was unknown until the middle of the Ming Dynasty,Why can it become "" after the mid-Ming Dynasty?;Bo Zhong Luofu”Where are the famous mountains in southern Guangdong?

The process of Xiqiao bet365 offers from being unknown to becoming famous,Occurred during the one hundred years from Hongzhi to Wanli in the Ming Dynasty,At this time,Xiqiao bet365 offers not only won the ";famous Neo-Confucianism bet365 offers”’s reputation,And during the Wanli period, it became ";Eight Scenes of Yangcheng”one,established its“Bo Zhong Luofu”’s solid foundation。Xiqiao bet365 offers was in Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty、Jiajing period,Shanshan Academy、There are many monasteries,The four most famous academies,Dake Academy and Yungu Academy founded by Zhan Ruoshui respectively、Shiquan Academy founded by Fang Xianfu、Sifeng Academy founded by Huo Tao。Four major academies because of Zhan、方、Huo Zhugong’s advocacy of learning became prosperous,During this period, numerous celebrities emerged in Guangdong,The four major academies became an important place for lectures by Guangdong scholar-officials in the following decades。Liu Zixiu from the Qing Dynasty said: “Dang Zhanzi Lecture,Inquiries from five directions gathered,The name of Dake in the bet365 offers,Ji and Yuelu、White Deer Dingzhi,Therefore Xiqiao is called the bet365 offers of Taoism。”(Liu Zixiu's "Xiqiao Tour") Xiqiao bet365 offers“famous Neo-Confucianism bet365 offers”’s status,It was established at this time。

Established earliest among the four major academies、The most famous,Be among the famous Neo-Confucians of the Ming Dynasty、Dake Academy, a place where people from Zengcheng are as smart as water。Xiqiao bet365 offers“famous Neo-Confucianism bet365 offers”’s title,The most important contributor is Zhan Ruoshui。

Zhan Ruoshui lost his mother to Ding You in February of the tenth year of Zhengde (1515),Fuxunan returned in the same month。After serving the throne in the twelfth year of Zhengde,以“There is no better way to help the sick than before”The reasons for requesting permission from the court“Original conditioning,Decline personnel,Collecting herbs from Xiqiao”。Leap December of the same year,The Yanxia Retreat and Dake Academy located in Xiqiao bet365 offers Yanxia Cave (today’s Xiqiao bet365 offers Peach Garden) were completed。But at this time, the Dake Academy as an independent entity has not yet appeared,Only attached to Yanxia Retreat。The next two years,“It is difficult to accommodate the gathering of scholars from all over the world”(Lv Nan's "Dake Academy"),More and more students are studying under teachers,The original building is not enough for use,So in July of the 14th year of Zhengde,Students of Dake University requested to build a hall under the seclusion of mist,Passing through Bu Di、Operation、Supervisor,It will be completed in December of this year。To this point,Dake Academy is large in scale。

The main building of Dake Academy is divided into two parts: Yanxia Seclusion and Dake Academy。Above it is the Haze Retreat,The main building is Qixia Tower、Ruzhitang、Zhengyi Hall、Chongjing Tower、Lege;Below it is Dake Academy,The main building is Ningdao Hall、Study Zhai、Jingyi Zhai、Yin Hotel、Taishifang, etc.。From the time when I entered woodcutter in the 12th year of Zhengde to the end of the 16th year of Zhengde when I came out of the bet365 offers in response to the order of Emperor Jiajing,Zhan Ruoshui spent four years in Xiqiao bet365 offers。

The Da Ke Academy period was of great significance to Zhan Ruoshui’s academic life,Xiqiao bet365 offers has become an important teaching place and ideological dissemination place of Ganquan School in Lingnan,In addition,What’s more important,Zhan Ruoshui during this period,Created a large number of representative works,In just over four years,Zhan Ruoshui started or completed "University"、"Moderate"、Exegetical works on Sutras such as "Li" and so on,"The Discipline of the University of Science and Technology" is regarded as a model academy standard by later generations,And "Zun Dao Lu"、"Woodcutter"、"New Theory"、Books on Neo-Confucian quotations such as "Zhi Xin Hou Yu"。These works have brought Zhan Ruoshui a huge academic reputation,It also established the Ganquan School as equal to the Yangming School。Huang Zongxi said when summarizing Zhan Ruoshui’s lectures: “王、Zhan Family,Each has its own purpose,Club of the Zhan family,Although not as prosperous as the Wang family,However, those who were very knowledgeable at that time,Maybe graduate from King,Learn from the King,Maybe graduated from Zhan,Yiyu Zhu、Under Lu Zhimen,Changes in and out。It has a long history after that,Other than Wang family,Famous Zhan scholars,Never ending yet。”(Huang Zongxi's "The Case of Confucianism in Ming Dynasty")

(Author’s Affiliation: Department of History, The Chinese bet365 offers Hong Kong)

Editor in charge: virtual system user
二维码图标2.jpg
Highly recommended
Latest articles
bet365 offers

Friendly links: Official website of Chinese bet365 offers of Social Sciences |

Website registration number: Beijing Public Network Security bet365 offers. 11010502030146 Ministry of Industry and Information Technology: Beijing ICP bet365 offers. 11013869

All rights reserved by China Social Sciences Magazine. bet365 offers reproduction or use without permission is allowed

Chief editor’s email: zzszbj@126.com Contact information of bet365 offers website: 010-85886809 Address: Floor 11-12, Building 1, No. 15 Guanghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing Postal Code: 100026