bet365 best casino games

Tan Yuanheng

Today，Step into Shunde, which is only 800 square kilometers，Many people will be surprised，A place with such a small area is actually known as & ldquo;，Have beauty、​​Grand、Wanhe and many other well -known companies。

Fengyun Interguise will see Cantonese merchants

More than a hundred years ago，That is the beginning of the 1911 Revolution，Shunde also had & ldquo; Yuehai Traffic Leader，Lingnan Machine Axis first model & rdquo;，Silk factory it has been operating、Machine Factory、diesel engine factory、Maiji Factory，In China at the time, the premier finger，The number of workers in Shunde is the crown of the country。

Touring a hundred years forward for a century，It is when the thirteenth line of wind is rising，Its foreign trade spreads all over the world，The financial network was covered with a country where Europe and the United States were undergoing industrialization at that time，So that someone thinks，Capital support of the Western Industrial Revolution，Merchants from the Thirteen Elements of China。

Shunde's Thirteenth Council，Tan Kangguan from Li Kang Yonggan，Guan Chengfa in Qianjiadao years、Li Guangyuan & Hellip; & Hellip;，There are a lot of。time to this day，Shunde's legend about them、Folk proverbs are widely distributed。

Of course，Tour backward，Cantonese merchants in the Pearl River Delta are always so outstanding and glory，and even the German scholar who came to China in the 18th century to make the following conclusions:

Big Commercial belongs to Cantonese.

Cantonese people have almost all the industries in China，Its industrial products passed to Europe hundreds of years ago。

Cantonese people have outstanding talents in operating large commerce and transportation industry & hellip; & hellip;

This is not a word of beauty。Lichhofen is the first person to propose & ldquo; Silk Road & rdquo;，and Guangdong，No doubt，It is the starting heavy place of the Maritime Silk Road。It is the Maritime Silk Road for more than 2000 years，Give Cantonese business business、Big Transportation Industry、The Qi Qi of Da Industrial。and Shunde，From the thirteenth businessmen to the helm of the national industrial and commercial carrier today，is the most outstanding representative of Guangdong businessmen。

Lichhhofen said that the industrial products of Guangdong merchants passed to Europe hundreds of years ago，and require the same price as Europeans，refers to the merchant of the thirteenth line。The merchants almost controlled the Nanyang trade before the Opium War。According to statistics，In 1819, China made 22.82 million silver earnings earnings on maritime trade in Europe and the United States，and until 1833，Each year in the sea of ​​trade at sea and the United States, the silver earns more than 23 million yuan。

                          Business Pan Qiguan               Tan Yuanheng/Figure Figure

From business to business:

Deliven to promote the development of national industrial

Actually，The annual income of the 23 million two -two -year annual income，Not a complete statistics。Because early in the Yongzheng period，Chinese merchants occupy a lot of shares on Western merchant ships，or even all。Pan Qiguan mentioned it，A sinking foreign merchant ship，bet365 best casino games In fact, it is all invested by him。The richest British East India Company，Also 20%of the shares belong to Pan Qiguan。Among the 37 merchant ships coming to China in Sweden，There are 30 ships belonging to the Chinese management，Other ships also have business shares。Wu Haoguan, the world's richest man & rdquo;，With 26 million silver assets。After the thirteen lines were destroyed，He is still investing in the Pacific Railway in the United States，Each year's interest is more than 200,000 silver。

& ldquo; Pan Lu Wuye，Tan Zuo Xu Yang，Dragon and Phoenix Tiger Leopard，Jianghuai River & rdquo;，This is the folk proverb during the Jiadao period，It can be seen that the south had already abandoned & ldquo; Shi Farmers Industry and Commerce & RDQUO;，Give a very positive evaluation of Cantonese merchants。I only talk about a few above，and they，As a whole, it forms & ldquo; shadow bank & rdquo;，Their investment orientation is obvious & mdash; & mdash; industry，This has also become the deepest historical tradition of Guangdong businessmen。Just because of the feudal system at that time，Although the businessmen are rich, they can be enemy country，But I fail to invest in domestic，Advanced technology in the West was regarded by the Qing court as a clever skill，Can't accept the feudal rulers。Two Opium War，Thirteen lines of gray flying smoke，The name of the business has also become history。Some of them & ldquo; logically chapter & rdquo; land transition to comprador。

If the merchants will inevitably depend on the official，Must buy Hong Dingzi to dress up with adults，Then the business office will mainly depend on foreign businessmen。& ldquo; Human attachment & rdquo; Began to be converted into a contract relationship，This is the difficult start of the later national industrial and commercial and commercial business & hellip; & hellip; history is paid after paying a heavy price，Finally won a front -line dawn。

Thirteen merchants later became the backbone of the Westernization Movement，As well as well -known real estate developers、Industrialist、Xu Run from Zhongshan native，is & ldquo; eight people & rdquo; the nephew of the Xu family。Started from the merchant to the business，Wu Jianzhang, who has Baoshun Xing, etc.。Western Movement，Tang Tingshu and many well -known compradors to promote China's industry，Can be described as worried，The railway is built and demolished，Disassembled and built，Unconsciously to the end of the 19th century，It's almost half a century later than others。After the rise and decline of the Westernization Movement，Xu Run finally left an empty grave for himself，It can be seen that the bitter humiliation of the business office。

                             Business Pan Youdu               Tan Yuanheng/Figure Figure

                             Business Wu Hao Guan              Tan Yuanheng/Figure Figure

Show of Xinyue Merchants

Millennium Lingnan business spirit

How to evaluate the right and wrong of the Westernization Movement，China's national industrial and commercial business is an indisputable fact for the difficulty of rising。Ma Qingbiao, etc. & ldquo; Four companies & rdquo;，It is completely based on the funds accumulated by my own hard work overseas，The founders of the four companies are all in Zhongshan，and Xu Run、Tang Tingshu, etc.，Their companies are out of the model of family business，The shareholding system。

Today's Guangdong merchants have been following the tradition of operating Bet365 lotto review industries since the thirteenth line of line，He Xiangjian、Ma Huateng, etc.，The new generation of Guangdong merchants that have risen rapidly since the reform and opening up。The early 1990s，Shunde opened up property rights reform，Further relieves the restraint of Cantonese merchants，then affects the entire mainland of China，It has made important contributions to the rapid development of the economy after China joined the WTO，A again gave birth to a group of more vision、New Cantonese Merchants with more technological strength。Li Ka -shing, who has been operating in Hong Kong、Huo Yingdong、Li Zhaoji, etc.，Become a world -class giant in more than half a century。

Business、Ethnic industrial and commercialists who have been in the 20th century，and today's new Cantonese merchant，All shows the vitality of the hot economy in Guangdong。

    (Author Unit: Zhujiang Cultural Research Association, Guangdong Province)

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Cultural genes of Cantonese business

Cheng Yuhong

How to define & ldquo; Cantonese & rdquo;? If according to population statistical characteristics，is a businessman or entrepreneur born in Guangdong or the original characteristics of the country;，is a businessman or entrepreneur who develops in Guangdong。The author advocates defining the category of Cantonese business from the cultural level，identify with certain values ​​in business activities，or its business behavior reflects certain value orientation，Industrial and commercial occupation groups that are highly related to Lingnan culture。

Cantonese business is a cultural phenomenon

If the business is regarded as a cultural phenomenon，It is not difficult to find，This group of colorful business activities and differences in professional forms，Naturally presenting some kind of & ldquo; common phase & rdquo;。

Based on the reform and opening up & ldquo; New Cantonese business & rdquo; as an example，They show & ldquo; green lights are here to run and go，Red lights are here，Touching the & ldquo; common phase & rdquo;。If we ask this & ldquo;，The answer can only be: it is a product of & ldquo;，& ldquo; outer edge & rdquo; (Social environment in the early stages of reform、Economic Policy, etc.) and & ldquo; internal cause & rdquo; (cultural gene，that is the results of the common effect of regional cultural values)。

Cantonese Culture Research，Can't stop at the collection of inductive gangs & ldquo; common phase & rdquo;，Research on the combing and research of the cultural genes of commercial gang，It seems more valuable。

​​First，Cultural values ​​highly related to regional culture，is the difference between the specific business gang and other business gangs，It is its unique & ldquo; trait & rdquo;。

Next，Cultural genes are the & ldquo; form of the business form of the business gang;。In other words，Cultural genes related to the rise and fall of business gangs。

Last，Business Gang & ldquo; Basis Evergreen & RDQUO; The key is to take measures to curb those cultural genes that may lead to decline; and & ldquo; Innovation & rdquo;，The growth factor & rdquo;，Create a suitable external condition for its growth。

Cantonese Merchant's music culture

The author has sorted out the cultural genes of Cantonese businessmen from the perspective of music culture。

Some scholars think，The Chinese seeks a kind of aesthetic pleasure in it & rdquo;，Pingning and happiness required to bet365 Play online games gain spirit in real worldly life。

Analysis of Cantonese business culture from the perspective of music culture, there are two basis.

​​First，From the horizontal comparison，and diligence、Fishing、Abstract Western Christian merchants compare，Cantonese merchants look more & ldquo; delicious、Fun、Good enjoyment & rdquo;，It has changed from ancient times to the present。Next，From the vertical cultural origin,，The concept of & ldquo; music & rdquo;、Zhan Ganquan & ldquo; Hele & rdquo; said)，Compared to other regional cultural circles，More easy to accept the Cantonese business ethnic group。Based on the perspective of music -based culture，I summarized the three genes of Cantonese business culture。

Optical Spirit，This is the attitude and value orientation of the future & rdquo;。They believe that the world always evolves in the direction of beauty，The future is worth looking forward to。Although life is difficult to avoid pain，But the pain is always temporary，Can be overcome。But look at this spirit from another angle，Lack of crisis consciousness in the crisis。

    Freedom Spirit，This is behavioral orientation dimension，Opposite external constraints、Emphasize the self -choice of the subject and the freedom of the mind，Eclecticism is existing authority and paradigm，Dare to break through the external restraint，Explore and try new things，Self -choice、Self -domination and other methods to obtain spiritual pleasure and self -efficacy。This is a Cantonese business entrepreneurial、An important psychological mechanism of innovative behavior。But emphasize individual freedom，To a certain extent, the institutional awareness is weak，Lack of interest in establishing an institutionalized rationalist governance model。

Harmonious Spirit，This is the interpersonal orientation dimension。The harmonious spirit of Cantonese business culture，The concept of Confucian & ldquo; and & rdquo;，Close to Taoism，Similar to what Lao Tzu said & ldquo; frustration，Solution，and its light，The mysterious concept of the same dust & rdquo;。From a certain orthodox standpoint，Cantonese Shang Culture，Three religions and nine streams are hybrid，& ldquo; The level is not high & rdquo;。and the author thinks，This is the Taoist & ldquo; Xuan Tong & rdquo;。

Lingnan Heart Study & ldquo; Hele & rdquo;

If economic activities originate from the motivation of individuals to chase wealth，So the real value of business culture，It is not in the spread of a group to maximize the motivation of a group & ldquo; secrets & rdquo;，and in constructing a mechanism of concept，Inhibit or transform those irrational desire for profit -seeking。From the perspective of music culture，& ldquo; Hele & rdquo; concept，Especially enlightenment meaning。Specifically:

Du Lele is not as good as Zhongle。Ming Dynasty Lingnan Heart Scholars Zhan Ganquan opposed the popular & ldquo;、The saying of extinguishing people & rdquo;，He thinks，& ldquo;，I don't have to have nothing to do，No，The speaker of no desire，Puzzle & rdquo;，& ldquo; But can men and women eat men and women abolished? King Qi Laori，Mencius leads to King of the Ether; good goods are attracted to the public Liu。Therefore, public and private tied to this heart，Not for the color of the goods & rdquo;。This means that everyone is good for desire，Gentleman push himself and others，& ldquo;。In this sense,，Individual bet365 live casino games desire to gain wealth in business activities，Nothing to do not。But you can't just consider your own interests to maximize，Need for benefits of other stakeholders、Happy to people，This is the real happiness。

Litong Yiyi。Zhan Ganquan is answering his disciple Ge Yan & ldquo;。One person has no desire，No desire to enjoy and enjoy & rdquo;，& ldquo;，Only with deacon respect，Self -independent until reading remuneration，It is nothing more than this & rdquo;。How to take care of the dense，He said: & ldquo; When the students encounter composition，Practice on the composition，It is easy to work hard when you are reading，Take photos for the order，No stagnation，is the standing respect。& rdquo; Emphasize people to do anything & ldquo; Lijing & rdquo;，Receive miscellaneous disturbance，Carefully and focus on doing things well，And this concentrated mind state，You can perceive & ldquo;。This kind of spiritual happiness，Any external joy is not enough。

The associated with this is，Zhan Ganquan serves as the Nanjing Military Department Shangshu，Zeng Zou Zhe proposed the four peoples & ldquo;，Profile & ldquo;，​​So specializing in its business & hellip; & hellip;，Industry Specialty Zhi Ding，The people's wisdom is cured by the world & rdquo;。In his opinion，There is no job of workers、Shangwu Dingjie，Only luxury and prosperity are the trend，It can be called & ldquo;，It is due to the unsure of the business。

It is not difficult to see，This advocates industrial and commercial people & ldquo;、& ldquo; The concept of dedicated & rdquo;，For the current business community & ldquo; make fast money & rdquo;、& ldquo; Stir -fried hotspot & rdquo;，Still with the merit of the needle。

(Author Unit: School of Business Administration, South China University of Technology)

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Reflecting Lingnan's business spirit

Gu Wenjing

Lingnan's business spirit has a clear growth characteristic，Low -key、Practical、Integrity、Cooperation tolerance、Pioneering forging ahead is the excellent gene of Lingnan's economy，But when economic development requires a new round of self -breakthrough and self -transcendence，The profound reflection of Lingnan's business spirit is very necessary and urgent。

& ldquo; Connotation and standards of pragmatic & rdquo;

Practical is the main feature of Lingnan's business spirit，It is also the key factor in the success of Guangdong merchants，But the pragmatic connotation and standards have no clear statement or explanation。Practical also has another popular saying & mdash; & mdash; & ldquo;，It is to deal with things well。But how to do it as a good deal，What is the standard，Few companies think about it in detail，so that after developing to a certain stage，Different understanding of future development。

Current Cantonese Business Enterprise，The pioneering and aggressive hovering all calls themselves pragmatic。Different internal and external environment and corporate foundation faced by different enterprises，Different response methods are used without controversy，But the question is whether their pragmatic understanding is based on a unified platform。A contradiction between when the quality and quantity appear，It is a part of the rapid growth of the upper quantity and sacrifice some of the quality，Or is it better to abandon the quantity for quality? Is the pursuit of excellence，Can it be quality at the standard? It is to meet the needs Bet365 app download of the market & ldquo; Twist of illness & rdquo; homework，Still slowing down、Take every step well? & hellip; & hellip; which method is more & ldquo; pragmatic & rdquo;?。

From future development,，Pioneering and innovation is a pragmatic expression，But there is no strategic goal and the pioneering innovation of pioneering innovation，It is not pragmatic; in order to avoid risks only to maintain temporary interests，It is by no means really & ldquo; pragmatic & rdquo;。Cantonese merchants must have a clear concept for & ldquo; pragmatic & rdquo;，Otherwise & ldquo; pragmatic & rdquo; may become a stumbling block for future development。

& ldquo; Low -key & rdquo;

In the early stages of reform and opening up，The development and growth of all new things is not easy，High -profile、A great thing for great skills，Its vitality is often fragile，Can't afford to scrutinize and long -term inspection，Low -key sometimes is indeed a good self -protection。

Now Lingnan Culture has developed into one of the backbone in the business gang culture，Excessive low -key will lose the opportunity to communicate and cooperate，The reinforcement to the business spirit of Lingnan is a kind of damage。

Lingnan Culture，Entrepreneurs are always inclined to work hard，Not good words。Although there are many successful cases in the company，But being able to form the theory of your own method and system，and the discussion based on corporate experience and culture is very small，Many fresh cases that are of great significance to enterprise development and social development are buried in & ldquo; low -key & rdquo;，This is for corporate practitioners and corporate researchers，All are regrettable and regrettable。Create a new brand of Lingnan Culture、Welcome to the new challenge today，Entrepreneurs must have a solid theoretical foundation and rich practical experience，The ability to practice keen thinking and open communication skills。

Emphasize moderate changes in low -key，Not to be exaggerated and vulgar publicity。Guan Wan、Humidity、tolerance、Freedom is the heritage of Lingnan's business spirit，While performing Lingnan cultural exchanges and experience exchanges，The cultural heritage of Lingnan Business is the key point of conveying。But also to look at the connotation of & ldquo; low -key & rdquo;，Low -key is not a word、Reject communication and transmission。After years of polishing and market baptism，Lingnan's business spirit removes impetuousness and maintains characteristics，Simply reflect the perfection，Molying in maturity，and this noble and the beauty of affinity and warmth。This beauty requires Lingnan enterprises to pass instead of buried，But the method of passing needs to be carefully studied，Straight and high -profile always contain risks，High -profile without revealing is the intention。

Expansion of Lingnan's new business spirit

With the continuous development and growth of Lingnan enterprises，Enterprise's own sense of social mission becomes stronger and stronger，This sense of mission is strongly enriched and enhanced Lingnan's business spirit。

The so -called & ldquo; mission & rdquo;，It is mainly from the social responsibility of the enterprise。Lingnan has donated donations since ancient times、Folk -style folk style，Initially many Lingnan merchants brought social responsibilities simply as charity，But bet365 live casino games this is a shallow responsibility for social、One -sided、narrow understanding。Social responsibility may not necessarily appear & ldquo; noble & rdquo;、& ldquo; Great & rdquo;，It is a systematic thinking about all activities of the enterprise，Including employment、Create value for customers、Winning global influence for Chinese manufacturing through competition。Entrepreneur's sense of mission is the soul of the enterprise，determines the final goal of the development of the enterprise，Entrepreneurs as social elites and public figures，Their mission also reflects the mission and values ​​of people in the ecosystem of the contemporary enterprise。

Currently Lingnan Enterprise is in the period of transformation and upgrading，The most critical transformation is the change of values。Enterprise takes off again. It requires soft power、Values ​​that can promote the development of social civilization，Entrepreneurs must work hard to maintain the basic guidelines of society，Midsmidity of doing health forces，Lingnan's business spirit must have the power that makes people find inner tranquility in a simple life。

Lingnan's core competitiveness of economic core competitiveness is still in the transformation and improvement of Lingnan's business spirit，This is a higher cultural competitiveness。More broadly inclusive and higher -level mission can make enterprises gain great advantages in the acquisition of hidden knowledge，Trust of each other、Respect、Tacing and win -win is the essence of Lingnan's business spirit。

(Author Unit: School of Business Administration, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics)