China is an ancient country with a long history，It is also the country with the most non -heritage projects in the world，Fifty -sixth national -rich and colorful intangible cultural heritage constitutes an indispensable component of the Chinese national cultural treasure house，It is an important force to promote the exchange and mutual learning of human civilization。In the background and modernization process of globalization，Many precious intangible cultural heritage faces the danger of disappearance，How to protect intangible cultural heritage becomes a question that cannot be ignored。

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，my country's discipline construction is continuously strengthened，greatly promoted the edge discipline、The formation and development of cross -disciplines and emerging disciplines。Research on Intangible Cultural Heritage as a major era topic has attracted widespread society，The construction of non -heritage disciplines has been on the agenda。

A non -heritage is an emerging comprehensive discipline that studies the laws of the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage，Research fields are widely involved，It needs to be comprehensive from a multi -disciplinary perspective、Multi -layered、Multi -dimensional research，and absorb the theoretical essence of related disciplines，to form a non -heritage unique theoretical system。Anthropology, especially cultural anthropology, unique discipline perspective and methodology，It has important inspiration and reference value for the construction of a non -heritage theoretical system。

　　Bet365 app download Anthropology is a comprehensive discipline that studies the origin of human origin and the origin and development of cultural origin and development。There are two major branches of anthropology: physical anthropology and cultural anthropology。Cultural Anthropology Research on the Origin of Human Culture、The process of development and changes and its laws，Following the creation of all nations in the world、Culture enjoyed and inherited，Especially the "living fossil" of national culture。The intangible cultural heritage of some nations in my country enjoys the reputation of "living fossil"，For example: the Mongolian long -tune folk songs are called "grassland music living fossils"、Tibetan opera is known as the "living fossil" of Tibetan culture。The founder of British anthropology Taylor is the earliest scholar to make a comprehensive explanation of cultural concepts，He thinks，Culture includes knowledge、Faith、Art、Moral、Law、Customs and abilities and acquisitions obtained as a member of a social member。

The concept of "Intangible Cultural Heritage" first appeared in the "Cultural and Financial Protection Law" promulgated by Japan in the 1950s。2003 The Convention on Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage issued by the UNESCO、Definition of science。Intangible cultural heritage refers to the group、Groups and even individuals are regarded as various practices of their cultural heritage、Performance、Performance form、Knowledge System and skills and related tools、physical、Crafts and cultural venues。Obviously，The research objects of non -legacy and cultural anthropology have high similarities or overlap，Both are collecting、Sort the data and exploration、Elaborate theory and other aspects can be used to learn from and inspire each other。

　　2. The commonality of the research method.Field Survey is an iconic research method of anthropology。Human scholars go to the field to use the fields to participate in observation and interviews to collect real and reliable first -hand information。The Anthropology Field Survey Law is also a non -heritage census、Discovery、Basic methods of finishing work。Non -heritage researchers must make accurate judgment on non -heritage projects，You must go deep into the field，Based on the folk。Only in a specific cultural place，Communicate with non -genetic inheritors and groups，Personally feel the natural and cultural life of non -heritage survival，can we understand the cultural connotation behind the phenomenon，Digging the historical culture of non -heritage、Science Art、The value of socio -economic。Field Investigation Law is both a housekeeping skill for human scholars and non -survivors。

Cross -cultural comparison method is an important method for anthropological research，That is from transnational、Cross -ethnic and cross -cultural perspectives conduct research on different culture，Observe yourself by understanding others，Respect different countries、The cultural interpretation system of different ethnic groups。The cross -cultural research method of anthropology to understand the differences in the culture of the world、Handling cultural conflicts of different nations、Maintaining world peace and promoting the construction of the community of human destiny has positive significance。

Non -legacy research requires cross -cultural comparison perspective。Non -heritage protection emphasizes the subject of inheritance as the core，I advocate thinking about problems from the perspective of natives，I advocate thinking about problems from the perspective of natives。Now，Non -heritage has become a valuable resource for the development of the cultural tourism industry in many regions，In the development of non -heritage projects，The right to ensure that the non -genetic inheritance people obtain legitimate income through inheritance and practice，Enhance the recognition and self -confidence of the national culture，Play benign interaction to promote non -heritage protection inheritance and the development of the cultural tourism industry。

　　3. Activity of cultural relativity.Cultural relativity is the theoretical perspective of an anthropological evaluation of a certain cultural value，Method orientation of reflection on the diversity and differences of world culture。Culture due to different nations、Nationality reflected in different times and space、Time、Regional differences The characteristics form a cultural diversity。Cultural Relators Considering，Each culture has its uniqueness and value，The value of culture is completely judged by the nation with the culture。The criteria for judging cultural value are relative，instead of absolute。Representatives of Human Academy History School Bois and Founder of Functional School Marinnovsky advocate cultural value equality，Opposition to racial discrimination。Anthropology adheres to cultural relativity，It also advocates the combination of cultural relativism and universalism。

Intangible cultural heritage is the essence of national culture and the crystallization of national wisdom。Non -heritage is both the nation and the world。Current，40 non -heritage projects in my country are included in the UNESCO Non -Heritage List，Among them, there are 15 items of ethnic minorities。These intangible cultural heritage not only belong to the Chinese nation，It is also the common wealth of all mankind。

Non -heritage research should adhere to the division of nobleness and disadvantages of culture、Beauty of Beauty、The objective value concept of beauty and beauty，Oppose national discrimination，Overcoming narrow cultural centralism or cultural inferiority，Deeper excavation of treasures scattered in the people，Promoting the communication and mutual learning of civilizations of various nations，Strengthen national unity，constantly casting the consciousness of the Chinese nation community。

　　Four, the consensus of cultural changes.Cultural changes are an eternal topic of anthropology research。Anthropology universities all have discussions on cultural changes。Anthropology believes: Culture does have a relatively stable phenomenon，But changes are inevitable。The culture of all ethnic groups in the world will continue to change with the changes in society。Causes of cultural changes are both internal society，There is also a natural environment、Social environment and political system external factors。

The intangible cultural heritage of various ethnic groups in our country contains language、Literature、Music、Dance、etiquette、bet365 best casino games festival、paper -cut、Painting、Carving、Embroidery、Printing and dyeing、Diet, etc.。Intangible cultural heritage in the process of long -term development and evolution，Basic accumulation，There are also constant mutation，A non -heritage inheritance with people as the carrier is likely to generate new cultural forms and functional requirements。Social development in my country is in a period of transformation，With the frequent flow of population in the ethnic area、The pace of urbanization construction accelerates、Change of production lifestyle、The influence of foreign culture，The traditional functions carried by the non -heritage of ethnic minorities are gradually weakening。The festival is a national cultural carrier，Modern transformation inevitably occurs。For example，National Non -Miao Sisters' Day is an ancient traditional festival，With the change of the times、ritual and specific objects。With the change of the times，The authenticity of Sister's Day、Simplicity and mystery changes，The function of the festival is changed from a single entertainment type to a composite type。Through Sister's Day，Government investment promotion，Local masses run farmhouse，Nengelic craftsmen sell Miao embroidery silver jewelry，Following Poverty and getting rich and prosperous。The innovation development of Sisters' Day becomes promoting local economic and social development、An important carrier for strengthening national exchanges and integrated integration。

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is proposed，To promote the creative conversion of the excellent traditional culture of China、Innovative Development "。Non -heritage shoulders the heavy responsibility given by the times，The concept of establishing an inherently emphasis on non -heritage protection inheritance and development innovation，Let the excellent cultural heritage of various ethnic groups in our country show permanent charm and the style of the times。

　　5. The practicality of the concept of overall view.The overall view is an important symbol of anthropology，is the most basic subject concept and methodology of anthropology。From the perspective of the whole view of anthropology，Material culture and intangible culture is an inseparable overall。Different natural environment and social environment because of the two，also belongs to different overall。The overall view treats culture as a overall consisting of many interconnected elements or partial composition，To examine a certain cultural item, pay attention to this overall level、Structure and interconnection。The overall view of anthropology has guiding significance for non -heritage protection inheritance and innovative development。

After more than ten years of exploration practice in my country，Non -heritage protection inheritance has achieved remarkable achievements，But in the practice of non -heritage protection, there is still a phenomenon of arbitrarily dividing culture，non -heritage protection "fragmentation"、The phenomenon of utilitarianization is common。Non -heritage research must adhere to the concept of overall view，Planning for the overall protection of non -heritage projects and cultural space with plans，Prevent non -heritage protection "fragmented" and utilitarianization。

Non -heritage protection inheritance is a systematic engineering。When investigating and studying the non -heritage project，To link it with the cultural form of a specific habitat for comprehensive inspection，Implementation of overall protection is an important way for non -heritage protection。So far，my country has established 21 national cultural ecological protection experimental zones。This measure gives full play to regional advantages、Highlight national characteristics、strengthened the development of cultural tourism integration，Demonstrate the cultural self -confidence of the Chinese nation。In recent years，my country's non -heritage protection system is continuously improved，Inheritance methods are constantly innovating，Forms an experience of non -heritage protection with Chinese characteristics。

Non -legacy with Chinese characteristics must be Bet365 lotto review based on local，Looking at the world，The academic achievements of the relevant discipline。The overall view of the cultural overall anthropology、Cultural comparison view、Cultural relativity、Cultural diversity、Cultural changes and field surveys such as field surveys，Has an important academic value for the construction of a non -legacy theoretical system。

　(Author Unit: Institute of Ethnicology and Anthropology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)