Feng Shizheng: Common wealth and national governance -from economic policy、Public policy to social policy
September 01, 2022 09:50 Source: "China Social Sciences" September 1, 2022 Total Issue 2483 Author: Feng Shizheng

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Dean of the School of Social and Population, Renmin University of China、Professor,Doctor of Sociology。Mainly engaged in political sociology、Organization sociology、History Sociology、Social inequality、Social Governance and State Construction、Studies in the fields of social transformation and political order。Published dozens of papers in important professional journals at home and abroad in "Sociology Research",Into the "Social Governance and Political Order of Contemporary China", "Research on Western Social Movement theory", "New Blueprint of Social Governance", etc.。

In the new journey of comprehensively building a socialist modern country,Realizing common prosperity is both a major task that must be completed by national governance,It is also a major challenge for national governance。From the surface,In the concept of "common prosperity","Rich" is the central word,"Common" is just a limited word。Maybe for this reason,The focus of many people's thinking is still "rich",Therefore, common prosperity is understood as a simple economic problem,Like to use economics logic to think about solution。The common wealth problem is about the reform of income distribution,Is a typical expression of this tendency。But,If you look at the mechanism bet365 Play online games of implementation,The key to common wealth,Of course it is also difficult,But how to realize the recursive and virtuous cycle of "common" and "wealth",Avoid the polarization caused by simply emphasizing "wealth",or because of simply emphasizing "common", moving towards exiter,The result is reversed into common poverty。In this sense,"Common" and "Rich" are equally important,There is no difference between the difference。

but but,The real problem is,In the new era and new development stage,After a long -term policy of "making some people get rich first",The contradiction of imbalanced development is already very prominent,The problem of imbalanced development is not solved,The problem of inadequate development will also be wrapped out。In this sense,"Common" is another question that is more urgent than "rich"。Obviously,"Rich" may be an economic problem,But "common" must be a sociological problem。The reason is,The question of "common" is essentially a question of how to achieve unity。Correspondingly,"Society" should become a key point in the current national governance。For this,Can analyze the formation of "society" in concentrated、Evolution and Basic Forms,Then reveals the basic strategies of innovative national governance,Help build a new development pattern,Promote the realization of common prosperity。

From the overall layout of socialist cause with Chinese characteristics,The contents of the state governance include economic construction、Political Construction、Cultural bet365 best casino games Construction、Social Construction and Ecological Civilization Construction Organic Unity "Five -State"。But from the main contradictions of society in the new era,State governance should put social governance in a new and more prominent position。This aspect is because of,In the new development stage,One of the basic directions of the main contradiction in society is the imbalance in development,Inadequate development imbalances are first because the development of "society" is inadequate; on the other hand, because of,In the overall layout of the "Five -State",Social construction is a often empty、Compared with pan、I ca n’t start with content that is easy to be ignored。

One of the most significant consequences and characteristics of modernization,Is the rise of "society"。The so -called "society",The original meaning is spontaneous and voluntary between people、Autonomous and freedom interaction and combination。For humans,"Society" is not always available,It is a modern product。Material and spiritual conditions created without modernization,There will be no "society"; in turn,There is no infinite vitality that has no "society",There will be no comprehensive、Sustainable modernization。But,"Society" is full of vitality and has its own scattered and brutal side。So,How to pass social governance,At the time of constantly stimulating the vitality of "society",Maintain a good order on one side,It becomes a major challenge faced by humans in the process of modernization。China is currently in a new bet365 Play online games stage of development to comprehensive modernization,Urgent need to innovate national governance。The previous discussion on social governance multiple focuses on "governance" and neglects more critical "society"。

With the rise and growth of "society",Social and public tension has become an important issue for national governance,The national optimized configuration of policy tools has become an important aspect of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities。In today's world,Economic Policy、Public policy and social policy is the three basic forms of national policies。As far as China is concerned,At present, a prominent problem is that economic and public policies are very strong,The voice of the social policy often intentionally or unintentionally。Many people think,It is enough to have economic and public policies,Or think,Economic policy and public policy are also social policies,In short, there is no need to do any other social policy。If you let these wrong understanding,Not only space and legitimacy of social policy without survival,and in practice is also dangerous。So,It is necessary to further clarify the relationship between social policy and economic and public policies。

The basic purpose and ambition of social policy is based on social connection to enhance social solidarity。The basic spirit of a character and sociology emphasizes the difference between the crowd and the integration of the crowd is consistent。Wish to know,Sociology is "group learning"。On the one hand,It emphasizes bet365 live casino games that people are not isolated,Need and must exist in a "group" method,That means and must be integrated,The so -called "life cannot be unsatisfactory" is also; but on the other hand,It noticed,People are different,Can't integrate infinitely,"If there is no point, there is no point to fight,Fighting is chaotic,Chaos is poor "。This is here,How to improve social solidarity on the basis of crowd differentiation,Keep local and overall、Proper balance between divisions and coordination,to make the entire society both orderly and vibrant,It becomes the core concern of sociological research。Social policy,It is hoping to adjust the balance of cross -group through policy adjustment,Finally enhance the overall order and vitality of society。

This distinguishes social policies from economic policies and public policies。The central interest of economic policy is based on the "rational" of various units in society to stimulate competition between each other,Thinking has significant individualist characteristics,Therefore, the social connection between people and the social integration and unity that come from there is not so sensitive。Public policy,Although it also attaches importance to the overallness of society,But it tends to treat specific people as a "public" (public "(public" (public ",See more about people's commonality,and lack of heterogeneousness to people sufficient in -depth、Fetting attention and treatment。Different from the above two policies,The main purpose of social policy is based on the heterogeneity of people bet365 live casino games to pursue the coexistence and honor of society,Start from the differences of social groups,Adjust the relationship between different people,Promote mutual interdependence between crowds,to achieve a guarantee common well -being、Purpose of improving social solidarity。

and from the functions of three policies,They are both each other and each other,The opposite and each other。So,Three policies do not exclude each other,Can't replace each other,and must rely on each other,so as to use force。In fact,Three policy forms reflect the state、Social and market three basic forces。Dialectical movement relationship between these three forces,The three policies are determined that "combination is double beauty,Die is two injuries "。Of course,In real life,In which direction of the final result,How to deal with the relationship between the three。

Current,As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new stage of development,The change in the main contradictions of society has made the entire social structure deeply change,An important feature is that social differentiation is getting more and more fine、More and more complicated、More and more subtle。Correspondingly,How to strengthen social integration、The issue of promoting social solidarity has also attracted more and more attention。In this case,Economic policies based on social units and more and more public policies based on social unity,and dedicated to different in the same thing、Social policies that consider the differences in the crowd are becoming bet365 live casino games more and more useful。Policy choices in China need to have a unique economic policy,To the public policy in the same way,To the comprehensive economic policy、The transformation of the three major policy tools of public policy and social policy。

Editor in charge: Chen Jing
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