After completing the arduous task of eliminating absolute poverty in my country，Social assistance has gradually shifted to developmental rescue mode，That is, the ability to stepping from satisfying basic survival needs，From passive rescue to preventive rescue，Shin from a single rescue subject to a diverse rescue subject。The 20th report of the Party is clearly proposed，"Significant Social Rescue System of Layout Classification"。Children are the future of the country and the hope of the nation。Children in trouble，It is a special group in the children's group。They are physiological、There are obstacles in the development of cognition and emotion，There may be potential vulnerability in future social adaptation。If you do not intervene in advance，Children in trouble may form extreme or deviation personality，Cognitive deviation and emotional disorders occur，Or becoming a disadvantaged group in the future society。So，You need to provide a preventive child with these dilemma、Developed rescue mode that pays attention to mental development and ability cultivation。

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Children are strong plastic groups，They are physiological、Cognitive and emotional is in the critical period of life for formation and development。This process of formation and development is the process of child socialization。In the process of children's socialization，Family、School、Single groups, etc., will form their personality、Psychological development and the formation of the outlook on life and the formation of the world have an important impact。Can children grow into qualified socialist builders in the future，The socialization process they experience will play a decisive role。"Chinese Children's Development Outline (2021-2030)" proposes to adhere to and improve children、The institutional mechanism that promotes the comprehensive development of children，Optimize children's development environment，Guarantee children's survival、Development、Participate bet365 best casino games and protected rights，Lay the foundation for talent for the construction of a socialist modernization country。

The government plays a dominant role in the survival and development of children in dilemma。First，The government provides basic living assistance money for children's families for dilemma。Children's family is mainly distributed in urban and rural subsistence allowance families，Government's subsistence allowance funds provided a strong guarantee for children's survival。As of October 2022，Beijing Civil Affairs Bureau provided capital assistance for 64,000 households in urban and rural subsistence allowances。Next，Classification guarantee for the government。Different titles of children with dilemma according to different reasons into different categories，The most unfavorable category of the situation is given priority and key guarantee。For example，Orphans at children's welfare agencies、Abandoned Baby、Facts that no one cares for children、Children with serious illness or disabled、0-3 -year -old dilemma Family infants and children，It can be guaranteed in life、Medical Rehabilitation、Disabled Nursing、Entry of major illnesses and accidental injury insurance enjoys the right to be prioritized。third，The government provides the basic rights of education funding to protect the dilemma of children。This is a material guarantee for the development of children in difficult situations。2019 "Implementation Opinions on Further Strengthening the Protection of Children's Protection" to expand the age protection scope of the facts that no one cares about children to the age of 18，At the age of 18, I still study in vocational schools or universities，You can continue to enjoy living expenses subsidies until graduation。2021 "Notice on Doing the Implementation of the Implementation of Children's Aid Projects in the Facts" is given to the fact that no one cares for children 8,000 yuan per academic year to fund their educational expenditure during school。In addition to survival protection，Developed rescue is based on children's interests，Links social resources，From the source、System start，Reduce or relieve the impact of adverse factors in the system on its growth，Improve children's family system，bet365 live casino games Enter positive energy and signals to it，Eliminate the active initiative of family members，Promote children in the direction of positive direction。

Children's groups are different from other difficult groups，Therefore, in practice, we should pay more attention to the participation of social forces。Relatively speaking，Social work professional services emphasize humanistic care and comprehensive care，It is more suitable for the development -type rescue practice of children's groups。The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China、The "Opinions on Reform and Improve the Social Rescue System" issued by the General Office of the State Council，Guide and support social work forces to participate in social assistance，Encourage social work service agencies and social workers to help social assistance departments carry out investigation and evaluation and demand analysis，Provide psychological guidance for service objects、Resource link、Service improvement and social integration services。Promoting the development of voluntary services in the field of social assistance，Supporting volunteer services to play a role in helping the people in difficulties。The government -led development -type rescue supports the involvement of social work professional forces，Multi -dimensional development needs of children in the predicament，Provide opportunities for the development of children in the situation。Developed rescue is led by the government、Participate in social work professional forces、Preventive rescue mode centered on people's development，Survival and development are their guarantee content。Under the premise of government -led developmental assistance，Basic material guarantee for local governments can meet the survival needs of children in dilemma，and social work professional forces can meet the multi -dimensional development needs of children's cognition and emotional development，Two cooperation with the two，In the context of common wealth，Realizing the dilemma Children actively develop this goal。

　　Give full play to the role of social work professional forces 

Social work professional forces provide spiritual support and information support for those who care for dilemma。Family bet365 best casino games as a primary social group formed based on intimacy in human society，Is the cradle of human emotional and cognitive development。Good parental care and family environment have a vital role in childhood character development and personality cultivation。From the perspective of the ecosystem，The growth and development of children are closely related to their family system。Children as a member of the family system，Affected by other family members and family relationships。To improve the social environment of children，Must intervention in the home system it is located，The caregiver of the dilemma is a family member who has the greatest influence on it。

On the one hand，Treasurer of children in the predicament needs to get mental support。Factors who do not raise children are often the grandparents of children or their ancestors。They are old and have poor health，experienced many hardships and difficulties in the process of taking care of the grandchildren。Social workers' home visits，Let these older caregivers have the opportunity to talk to others。For various reasons，They assumed the responsibility of taking care of their grandchildren when they were old，Children's growth journey from the baby’s wait to start school，Soake in their heart blood。Every career has a difficult and twisted child care experience，Listening when social workers are visiting when they visit、companion、Similar and empathy will give them great spiritual comfort，Let these elders who still bear the role of "parent" in the ancient years have been heard、I saw、Opportunity to be understood，Psychological support，Emotionally, I have been relieved。

On the other hand，Career due to limited knowledge，Need to get the correct information support。Some dilemma children cannot focus on learning at school、Poor academic performance and become a "problem student"，Children's caregiver does not know that the reason for the poor child's performance is the physiological limit，For example, the attention caused by multi -dynamic disease cannot be focused，It is considered to be a child intentionally naughty，So I apply severe corporal punishment for children，Conflict caused by parent -child relationships。Social workers provide information about medical Bet365 app download institutions to screen for children with dynamic diseases，Urges parents to take their children to check。Parents have confirmed the real reason through medical examination，I have understanding and accepting the performance of the child，Improved parent -child relationship，Promoting the treatment of the disease。

Social work professional forces Cultivate the correct cognition and encourage positive emotions of children with dilemma。Cognition and emotional development in childhood is an important part of the socialization process，The development of cognition and emotion is all produced and formed in interpersonal interaction。Family environment of children with dilemma，Careers are responsible for taking care of eating, wearing warmth and safety, it is not easy，It is difficult to take care of children's development of cognition and emotion。The home visit of social workers can identify children with demand，and provide it with supplementary cognitive and emotional development services。From this，The cognition of social workers 'cognition and emotional cultivation of children in dilemma is mainly based on problems encountered by children with difficulties and parents' demands。For example，For multi -disease children who resisted the medicine，Parents are very stressful，I hope that social workers will help children develop the habit of taking medicine on time。Social workers have found that the child is hostile to personality、indifference、Features of irritability，The relationship with people at home is also tight。After the demand evaluation，Social workers pass encouragement、Appreciation、Commendation、rewards and other methods to interact with children，Stimulate children's self -confidence、Self -esteem and entry mind。The specific method is: first，Formed a good friend with children by playing games。Second，Formulate a living goal and action plan with children。The target is to be an excellent elementary school student，Formulate a series of action plans to achieve this goal。third，Supervise the Executive Action Plan。Persist in taking medicine every day、Go to school on time、Go to school on time、Completion of homework。fourth，Execution of the Action Plan。Each home Bet365 lotto review visitor checks the completion of the last action plan。After experiencing many home services，Children have gradually developed the habit of taking medicine on time，There is progress in schedule and school，Personality becomes cheerful，The relationship between the supporter becomes more harmonious。

Social work professional forces Promote the interaction between children and peers。The formation of the peers in the process of children's socialization for self -identification、It plays an important role in psychological regulation and behavioral mode，Also the parents of the family system or the people cannot be replaced by people。Children can not only know themselves in the process of communication with their peers，and can develop intelligence、Promoting cooperation and communication ability。Social workers have found that many difficult children have been lonely during their home visits、Inferior、The characteristics of unwilling to associate with their peers。In order to improve its ability to communicate with the same age partner，Social workers carry out social resources links，Parents' consent，Design Activity Plan for Out Aids and Visits，Mobilize volunteers to carry out volunteer service，Assisting children who are in the same age to participate in the mountain climbing、Tour Garden、Watch children's drama performances and other activities，Let them experience the joy of playing with their companions。Another，Encourage neighbors to help each other in the usual life，Promote the two or two associations of children in the predicament，Go to the park to play football、Making a game，Promoting the positive development of children's mind and personality in the companion game。

Developed rescue except for the above aspects of the above aspects of the government and social work professional forces，It is also urgent to develop support for the development of policies。Different living conditions of children in the predicament，But the commonality is unemployed、Standing、Flexible employment status is common，It can be inferred that the economic foundation of children's families is very fragile。Although the minimum living security of the country has maintained basic survival，But once you encounter risks，will be vulnerable，And a weak economic foundation cannot support children'bet365 Play online games s higher -level development needs。Development policy focuses on investing in human capital for disadvantaged groups，Improve its ability and skills，The ability to enhance its social adaptation and social integration。Indian economist Ami Tia Sen pointed out，The root of poverty lies in the lack of feasibility capacity of human beings。The lack of development opportunities and the lack of development ability is the main reason for poverty。Development policy can start with creating employment opportunities and enhancing employment capabilities，Help the parents of children who are in trouble gradually get rid of dependence on fund rescue，Going out of poverty，Create a better future for children with difficulties。

　(This article is a general project of “social work protection mechanism for urban difficulties under the perspective of multi -dimensional poverty in the perspective of multi -dimensional poverty” (22xyjs012) at the school -level general project of China 

(Author Unit: School of Social Work of the School of Labor Relations)