The 1930s and 1940s,Due to World War II and media infrastructure (National Traffic Network、Urban infrastructure、Remote communication technology、Broadcast、Film and TV) The influence of large -scale expansion,Volkswagen Communication,Especially the importance of propaganda and public opinion has aroused widespread attention from the American social science community including sociologists。
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Just at the time of the two generations of Chicago scholars Parker and Vols,All of the most important ways to spread at that time -the impact of news and public communication on society attaches great importance。Parker believes in the paper published in the American Sociology Magazine,News Become a public product to depict the world that exceeds our direct experience,News as "Familiar Knowledge",Its value is to stimulate readers' retelling、Dialogue and discussion,Then form an indispensable public opinion for a good society,Therefore, what the news is really important is that it maintains the usual significance and sharing value of society and the world。and Vols further emphasized the relationship between mass communication and social consensus in the speech of the 1947 American Social Apes Conference。
In the classic theory of sociology,Turkan、Weber and many sociologists think,The key issues facing any society are to maintain order and social cohesion,If the consensus fails,will lead to a lost fan。Emphasis on social consensus is an important tradition of sociology,The late 1940s of the American Social Society chairman in Volt,The United States is developing from early Bet365 app download industrial society to a large -scale division of labor and a large number of strangers gathered in a mass society,Atomic individuals gradually become the foundation of society。This individual social process makes Americans traditional from traditional concerns about family and communities to concerns about public issues of social public issues。Further complexity in the society、Politics further organizes the mediaization and interpersonal relationships to further alienate,Social consensus that condenses the public strangers is particularly important。"Gather consensus、Keep democracy,You must consider the change of public opinion,Affects all other powers by promoting or obstructing consensus "。Therefore, at this important moment, Vols clearly expressed the consensus that regarded communication and media as promoting society、Promote the possible important variables of society,Call for sociologists to further pay attention to spreading the importance of spreading, especially the public media for shaping social consensus。
In short,The 1930s and 1940s,Actively discuss news for the mainstream journals of American sociology、Newspaper、Movies and other public media to public opinion、Social change and the influence of social groups。The American sociological community enters and attaches great importance to spreading issues for "understanding the effective use of the mass media",The connection bridge between sociology and communication research is concerned about the public society、The desire to form a consensus and the concern of the public opinion to promote modern society。Sociologist's beautiful vision of "Popular Communication Acts for Social Standards" has become a consensus bridge for sociology and early communication research。
By the 1970s and 1980s,bet365 Play online games The rise of the sociology of news production makes a group of sociologists reinterpret the authenticity of the news。The field study of the editorial department revealed the black box of news production,It also allows researchers。Volkswagen communication may not be able to achieve Made、Parker、Voss of Volt and others to promote a beautiful society,It is not a mechanism for constructing and uniting the consensus of the new society,Instead, it has become a hidden mechanism for the re -production of the existing social structure。This has fundamentally shaken the vision of "spreading makes the society possible" that Vols and others believed,"Social Makes Communication" becomes the focus of research。Although Joseph Holz and Charles Wright in 1979, at the invitation of "Social Studies",Modified the development of the five directions of mass communication research,and name it "Popular Communication Sociology"; in 1985, McGuel continued to sort out the communication research in the field of sociology and continued to be named "Popular Communication Sociology",But the regrettable is,Due to the break of consensus,(Volkswagen) Communication Sociology as a research field is already a yellow flower at this time。
This decay originated from a consensus break between sociology and communication research,It is also related to the paradigm changes of the sociology itself。In the 1950s and 1960s,The empirical steering of American sociologists depends on the quantitative social experience that is increasingly "equalized",Answer questions about how to organize and control the individual society,Instead, consensus issues,This is how to spread the possible problems of society to gradually fade out of the vision of sociologists。and the criticism of structural functional theory in sociology in the 1970s、The emphasis bet365 Play online games on micro sociology and the abandonment of the grand theory,How to make the spread that makes society may be abandoned at the same time as another grand narrative。Therefore, "(Volkswagen) Communication Sociology" and how the spread behind it makes (beautiful) society possible,Failure to become a basic problem for the persistence of sociology,and become an accidental historical product。
Dissection research value in new situation
The 1930s and 1940s was a bridge consensus in communication and sociology、The era of blending with each other。Such a consensus is a continuation of the perspective of social control theory proposed by sociologist Ross in the early 20th century。In the fragmented strangers society,Need to reach a consensus through direct or intermediary communication,Let society take consistent action under the common goals and common specifications。Consensus is not forced execution when solving problems,but the consciousness of human beings、Action of active behavior gathered。Putting aside the one -way imagination of the word "control" itself,The perspective of social control perspective is actually the subjective factor of the person,It is a transfer of power to society based on mutual consent and common thinking。For a long time,Ross's social control concept has a profound impact,Sociologists pay attention to the psychological process of different social organizations and social control,Socialization、Nexus between individual and society、The common psychological life of society (The Common Mental Life of the Society) appears in large numbers。Sociology believes that its own task is to study how individuals reach a consensus on social order,And the public media and the public spread and have the power to promote the society to reach consensus,This is the cornerstone of the bet365 live casino games "throwing" gaze to the public in the 1940s。
How can a good society maintain both individual freedom,can reduce the indifference between people、Division and conflict,Become a united and orderly moral society,This is the original meaning of Ross's advocating social control,It is also a goal pursued by sociology and communication in the 1940s to achieve a bridge consensus。The acceleration of the individual society is coming,We are facing similar dilemma。More and more people do not care about the social world around them,Inner volume status of absolute control of the world,Loen the good or bad of life from the perspective of resources,Taking possession and control as a measure,Therefore, it ignores the most critical dimension of communication and relationship for society。People and yourself、People and people、The relationship between people and the world is driven by this absolute control of the world,The fourth -generation leader of the Frankfurt School, the alienation relationship or silent relationship between Jeji and Rosa。and between people、A good relationship between the group and the group depends on the consensus and resonance obtained through communication/communication -through individual communication and communication、Touch each other,Finally reached a state of coordinated relationship。This resonance relationship is actually Voss's understanding of consensus: consensus is not to be agreed,Instead, the communication process of people on the basis of equality。From Vol,,Volkswagen Media and Volkswagen Communication make this stranger's consensus process possible,so that a beautiful society becomes possible。So today,It turned out that the consensus bridge that had been reached between the Chicago school and the sociology may bet365 Play online games not exist,But the research problem still exists。Self and others、Self and Society、How to understand each other between self and the world、Mutual gain? One is built on the connection and is getting more and more frequent,But why is it possible to be more and more lonely? These problems always exist,And more prominent in the context of deep medium and digital intelligence in individual society。To achieve this more universal social consensus,We want to get rid of a one -way over -control thinking,Allows people with moderate socialization rather than social control.,Strengthen the individual's own reflection and reflection,To maintain the ability to communicate and spread with real people and real worlds,so as to achieve the use and resonance of people and the world。
If you say,The consensus tradition is gradually forgotten with the gradual decline of the social control paradigm,In the current tool rationality and its variant digital thinking accompanied by the arrival of digital society,The control of people further deepen,In the context of further deepening the colonization of the life and the natural world,How to build a resonance relationship between people and the world,to build a beautiful lifestyle,has become a new sociology question。Communication sociology needs to be like the beginning of the hair,Develop theoretical resources in the theoreticals of the current across action and structure,Further discuss in individualized society,Self、Identity、Action、Interactiveness to spread and create a new social reality possibility through media practice。but,How can you pay attention to the core issue of the society and spread this core issue,For the media and communication is the construction of social reality、The concern and persistence of the important bet365 live casino games force of condensing social consensus,The optimism of human society has been forgotten. These have forgotten consensus,It is still a valuable heritage left by the spread of sociology,It is also the anchor point that we will re -start when we discuss how to build a resonance relationship between people and the world.。
(The author is a professor at the School of Journalism and Communication of Guangzhou University)
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