1909，New York published the first Chinese student MY LIFE in China and America，Literally，means "my life in China and the United States"。1915 after six years，Commercial Printing Library published the first Chinese translation of this book，Translated by Tie Tieyu and Xu Fengshi，The translation is "West School East Graduate -Mr. Rong Chunfu Self -narration"。"Western School East" becomes an academic concept，probably from now on，The study of the history of Chinese and Western cultural and transportation has been gradually used。

Various historical periods in extensive communication between east and west culture，Chinese civilization is also continuously transported to the domain through the communication channel represented by the Silk Road，and have a wide and profound impact on the development of world civilization。Two travelers from different countries Marco Polo and Zheng He，Whether to bring Chinese literature and art overseas in their legendary experience，Due to insufficient literature，Can't conclude now。But we can know it exactly，Less than a century after the death of Matteo Ricci，French Sun Wang Louis XIV sent two batch of missionaries to the Qing Dynasty，Especially the second batch，They are more actively realized，Bet365 lotto review You can observe and understand Chinese civilization through the Chinese "pure literature" works。Where，The Yuan miscellaneous drama "Zhao's Orphan Great Revenge" translated in Matsu's festival in China for thirty years (not translated)，Four volumes of "Chinese Empire" by French sinologist and missionary Du Heard (the Chinese Empire Quanzhi "(1735 published in Paris Publishing Law)，The first drama that became a Chinese opera was translated overseas。According to Ji Mengyu's "Research on the Chinese Drama" Zhao's Orphan "in Chinese and Western Cultural Conference"，The reason why Ma Jehsso chose "Zhao's Orphan" in Chinese opera works in the vast sea of ​​Chinese opera，About two reasons: first，It is likely to be due to its occupation -missionaries，He is particularly concerned about the abandoned children abandoned by the family at that time at that time; the second，Although people of Europe at that time had realized that China did not have a tragedy and comedy in the West，But "Zhao's Orphan" with a revenge plot with justice，It can be explained as the tragedy connotation accepted by the Western audience，Early translation of "Zhao's Orphan"，​​It is marked as "China's tragedy"，This is so easy to get closer to the audience's acceptance distance。

Since then，Voltaire's translation according to the Matser Festival，Adapted into the five -act tragedy "China Orphan"，Set the plot to the contradiction bet365 best casino games between the Mongolian Palace and the Zhao Song Dynasty，The hidden original intention of returning to the "Zhao's orphan"，and strictly follow the principle of "Sanzhi" in Western drama，The performance is successful in Paris。"Zhao's Orphan" translated by Rulian (called "China Orphan")，The word "ginseng" translated "ginseng" translated by the Matser's symbol of "ginseng" has a dual care。Whether it is "French" treatment of "Zhao's Orphan"，Still striving to reflect the cultural characteristics of Chinese drama，Chinese opera has never been reversed to enter the West's thinking and research field of view。

In the process of "Western Study East"，Chinese people who opened their eyes earlier to see the world，Either thinks that learning the West is to "make a cricket" for "Shi Yi's long skills"，Either thinks "middle school is the body、Western Xue for use "，In the context，Determine the main body of "East School and West"，It seems slightly embarrassing。But there is no doubt，Japan as East and West Technology、Economy、Politics、An intermediary country of cultural exchanges，It also has a pivotal position on this issue。

1891，Peking Opera Wusheng actor Zhang Guixuan is invited by overseas Chinese in Japan，and Wu Dan Liu Junting (Teng Yunfeng), etc.，Formed a folk troupe，They went to Japan from Tianjin，Traveling in all over Japan performed for 3 years，On the way home, in North Korea、Vlatva bet365 best casino games Voveresse (now Vladivostak, Russia) performed a period。This is the earliest group of Peking Opera's abroad。

Autumn 1914，Under the creative planning of Liu Yizhou，Shanghai's enlightened new drama club to Osaka, Japan、Tokyo，Cooperate with it to perform "Chinese Mu Duo New Drama"。Because the performance training of Kaiming Club is to learn opera，So the new drama "Leopard", "Resurrection", "Queen Mother", "Green Forest Renxia" and so on，Some will join the accompaniment of Peking Opera Music Gongs and Drums in time，Don't start a lifetime。Where，Tall body、High nose deep eyes and proficient in Beijing opera's parasitic，Not only is it very good to play the male number one in "Resurrection" (now translated Niehlionv)，I also starred in a pure Peking Opera "Empty City Plan"。Maybe，Because I have sufficient perceptual understanding because of the art of drama，After returning to China，He gave up the new drama business，Turned to the study of Peking Opera with the name of Su Shaoqing，Finally becoming a generation of opera comments。

According to the study of Professor Pinglin Pinghe, the University of Waseda University in Japan，At the end of 1916，Japanese writer、Artist Mu Shima Taro watched Mei Lanfang's performance in Beijing，and published an article watching Mei Lanfang's performance in "Osaka Asahi Shimbun" on April 23, 1917。Therefore，Kimita Kagaro became the earliest person to introduce Mei Lanfang to Japan。Kimita bet365 live casino games Taro once pointed out in an article introducing Mei Lanfang，Mei Lanfang's expression is common with the Buddha statue of the Japanese balance era，Can make people see "Beauty of the East"。For example, Mei Lanfang performed "Women's Solution"，When he cries, his eyes contain a smile at the same time，This characteristic and the appearance of the Buddha statue in the balance of the balance of the balance of the Buddha contain the same expressions of meditation and smile，There may be a relationship between oriental art between the two。May 1919，Mei Lanfang led the group to visit Japan for the first time，As an art master who has been deeply worn throughout his life，He was only 25 years old at that time，Realize that "the purpose of the first visit to Japan，Mainly not looking at it from the economic point of view，This is just the first cannon I try to spread Chinese classical art "。At the same time，Many Japanese intellectuals who are concerned about the whole picture of Toyo Art，It also supports Mei Lanfang's visit to Japan from all aspects。1928，Kun opera famous actor Han Shichang in the joint invitation of Japanese opera historians Aoki Masaki and others，Leading some actors in Rongqing Society to Japan，The follow -up of the relevant newspapers and periodicals will be praised as "King of Kunqu"。The above cultural exchanges with Japan as the intermediary，All laid a solid foundation for later opera art to bet365 live casino games comprehensively spread in Europe and the United States。

spring 1956，Many European dramaists who have observed the first Chinese drama meeting pointed out，1954-1955 Chinese classical opera to Europe performed "Give a great shock for the western drama industry"，A wave that caused them to learn the way Chinese expression，In the performance of the Chinese drama meeting，They "rarely see traces of learning with classical opera"。From this，Nationalization of the performance of Chinese drama，Also starting a comprehensive exploration under this "vibration"。East School of West Biography，In turn promotes the west school that has gradually come to the east，Passing in China and the West，Take the essence with macro，Water and milk blend，Also a good story。

Time value today，Promoting national communication，Promoting civilized dialogue，The misunderstanding caused by the puzzle and even grievances caused by puzzle，Want to know each to nature、For the world、For history、view of the future，Learn from the joy, anger, sorrow、Historical heritage、Customs habits、National characteristics，Culture is still a very effective way to communicate，It has an irreplaceable effect。There is a "reward" as a bid for，There is a "stop" assistance lecture。Foreign Communication of Chinese Opera Culture，Do not forget Matsu、Rulian、Kimita Kataro、Name of Aoki Masaki and others。

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Renmin University of China)