November 2016，Twenty -four solar terms were included in the UNESCO "The List of Human Intangible Cultural Heritage List"，The official text narrative is "Twenty -four solar terms: the time knowledge system and practice formed by the Chinese people formed by observing the anniversary of the solar"。Sun，It is the most important keyword for understanding the twenty -four solar terms。Surround the sun，In ancient Chinese, there were many beautiful and magnificent imaginations，Create a lot of sun myths。People imagine that the sun rises from a big tree called Fusang every day in the sun，Take six magic cars traced in Six Dragons in the sky，and fall from the western mysterious garden in the evening。The legendary Sun is a child who was born with Great God Jun Gao Xinshi and Xun and his family。When the sun sinks in the West，The sun mother and family will bathe in the sun that falls in Xianchi。As people imagine that toads live in the moon，They imagine that there are three -legged Wu and Nine -tailed God Fox in the sun。They imagine that there are ten brothers in the sun。Rizhao is too full of rainwater，They imagine because the sun has not risen one by one according to order，but the ten sun rises at the same time。When the crops under the planting are burnt，Plants can not grow anymore，The great hero Hou Yi stood out and shot nine sun，The world has returned to normal order。In addition to these stories created by imagination，The ancient Chinese in the long historical period，I have been watching the sun constantly，Summarize the knowledge of the sun。

Twenty -four solar terms are based on the scientific observation of the sun，It is the representative of the ancient scientific spirit of China。

Twenty -four solar terms are not generated by out of thin air，Instead of bet365 Play online games observing the changes in nature for a long time，The last generated on the basis of accumulating rich information。The core point of observing the year change of nature，It is the change of the sun。The so -called "During the Sun and the Moon，There are regular methods in four o'clock "，What is the problem to master it? There is an idiom called "immediate shadow"，It is the most fundamental method of the long -term observation of the sun in ancient China，It is a understanding of the periodic change of the first anniversary of the shadow of the sun。Li Joseph pointed out in "History of Chinese Science and Technology"，"In all astronomical instruments，The oldest is a simple structure、The pole standing up to the ground ... This pole can be used to measure the shadow length of the sun during the day，Dingzhongxia two to，Night can be used to test the star of the stars，Observe the cycle of the star of the star "。Chinese ancient people invented the method of using the Guiyu Settlement Day。In the Tao Temple site 4000 years ago，Archaeologists have discovered the scaling Guifen，Discovery of this real thing，Prove that our ancestors have already mastered the method of Guida Testing Day。Measure the pole of the sun，In ancient times, it was called table。The versed version of the measurement length in the direction of Zhengnan Zhengbei is called Gui。When the sun is illuminated，Gui Shang will have a movie，According to the direction and length of the movie，can read time。Learn to observe Japanese shadow，Master the changes in the winter solstice and summer solstice，It is of great significance to the development of ancient Chinese culture。

According to Professor Zhang Jie's research，The formation of the concept of Tianyuan is also related to Yigui Testing Day。Ancient Chinese Cosmic Views, Gaitian said、Hun Tian said、Xuan Ye said many kinds。Among them, Gaitian said the most influence。"Lu's Spring and Autumn bet365 live casino games · There is the beginning" recorded cloud: "Polar Star and Tianyou Tour，and the sky is endless。Winter Solstice Day Far Road，Zhouxing Four Polar，Destiny Xuanming。Summer Solstice Daily Kinking Road，Nie Get in。There is no day and night below the hub。Bai Minzhi，Under the wood，No shadow in the day，Hou without noise，Covering the heaven and earth also。"" Jin Shu · Astronomy "says more vividly:" Its words like Gai，Earth method covering the disk，The heavens and the earth are under high school and high。Below the Arctic is the heaven and earth，The highest place，and 滂沲 Four 聩，Sanguang hidden reflection，I thought day and night。The sky is higher than the 60,000 miles where the outer winter solstice day is located。The lower ground of the Arctic is higher than the external balance and the ground is 60,000 miles，outer balance is higher than 20,000 miles under the Arctic。Heaven and Earth Long High School，Eighty miles of daily land and earth。"The ancients not only regarded the sky as the sky was bulging，The earth is also bulging in the middle，and see the sky circle like a lid，Local Like Chess Board。Zhang Jie thinks，According to the records of documents such as "Zhou Li", "Zhou Ying Jing Jing" and "Huainanzi"，The ancients observed the four intersections of the circle of weeks of the summer solstice and the shadow of the summer solstice to form a rectangle。

Continuous observation of changes in the day and shadow of the year after continuous observation，The ancients discovered the two poles of the winter solstice and the longest winter solstice in the sun, the longest winter solstice，and accurately grasped the periodicity of the changes in the year shadow。The discovery of the Tao Temple site means that the "use in summer" that Confucius is said is not a fake Toro，More likely that the Xia Dynasty people in history have really mastered the winter solstice、The law of changes in the summer solstice。Twenty bet365 Play online games -four solar terms，Relying on the observation of long -term scientific solar。It is the crystallization of the scientific spirit of ancient China。

Twenty -four solar term reflects the correct understanding and understanding of the time conversion of the ancient Chinese's anniversary movement。

According to the record of the literature，In ancient China, there were full -time personnel responsible for bet365 Play online games observing the changes in the sun and nature of nature，This is Jihe's。"World Ben · Tubo" says "羲 和"，Song Xin Note: "Occupy its type is also。"Zhang Yan pressed:" The Japanese，The long and short scene of the day is also。"Know how to observe the length of the shadow of the sun，It is a huge progress in the development of ancient times in ancient China。Ancient Chinese literature，The family and clan always closely observed the relationship between the sun。"Shangshu · Yao Dian": "Nai Ling He，Qin Ruo Haotian，Calendar, Sun, Moon Star，When I am awarded people。"Kong Chuan said:" Weight、Li Family、He's，Four Avades of Heaven and Earth，So Yao Life，Make Jingshun Haotian。"" Arts and Culture Gathering "Volume five quoted" Corpse "said:"，羲 也 也。"" Former Han Ji · Former Hanxiao Emperor's Emperor Ji Volume Eighteenth "contains:" The officials of the ancients and the officials of the ancients are inherited by the festival of four o'clock，To give civilians。"" Convergence of these scattered historical materials that are scattered in the classics can be known，The family of Ji and the clan is the descendants of the heavy Li，It is an ancient manager time、Officials responsible for observing the sun and mastering the changes in the four seasons。The Clan clan can calculate the heavenly phenomenon as a professional observer，Therefore, it will also be convicted due to natural changes。"Shangshu · Xun Zheng" is to remember "羲 羲 湎，The story of the "Handsome Customer" and the "Customer"。

Yangchun Budze，Everything is lively。Long -term observation bet365 best casino games of the sun，The ancients realized that changes in the summer and summer and the changes in the shadow are not just the same，And this change is regular。Use the principle of immediate shadow，Chinese ancients slowly realized the annual changes in the sun。They gradually mastered the winter solstice、Summer solstice and spring equinox、Autumn equinox (two minutes to two to two to two). The most important time nodes of these four years。Because of this，Words related to time in Oracle，Most of them with the word "day"。In "Shangshu Yao Dian", the spring equinox is called Japan，Autumn equinox is called Xiaozhong，Summer solstice is called Sun Yong，Winter solstice is called day short。The ancients rely on the scientific observation of the sun to accumulate a little，Lastly forming a perfect Twenty -Four solar terms This systemic knowledge。

Twenty -four solar terms are based on the scientific observation of the sun，Also absorbed the moon elephant knowledge，Finally, this set of time and cultural system that is unique to the Chinese people in line with the law of the one -year cycle of nature。

Twenty -four solar terms have great practicality，It participated in the construction of the time life of the Chinese people。

"Yi" cloud: "The change is very four o'clock。Cold to go to the summer，Summer is cold, cold。Push in the cold and summer，years old。"The ancient Chinese realized that the changes in nature are orderly and regular，A person's behavior must be "Ying Tian Shun Shi"，Must conform to changes in the laws of nature，The entire human society should also abide by the necessary order。The time cultural system of "Observation Time" forms the foundation of ancient Chinese culture，fundamentally affecting the material production and human care of the Chinese people。

"Zhou Yi" cloud: "Rigid and soft staggered，Astronomy; Civilization to stop，Humanities。Observation of astronomy，Change when you check; look at humanities，to turn into the world。"" Astronomy "is the relevant season that includes the observation of the sun、The learning of seasonal changes。With "Astronomy"Bet365 app download ，People can "know the future"，Can actively grasp the major trend of meteorological changes in the year and four seasons，This has greatly promoted the development of ancient Chinese farming production。And in the interconnection of "astronomy" and "humanities"，The ancient Chinese played their imagination，Build a knowledge system combined with objective observation and subjective imagination，Finally, the study of heaven and man who represents the fundamental characteristics of ancient Chinese culture。As a principle of thinking，The cold of nature constitutes a deep interactive relationship with our lives。As in the "Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon": "Four of the husbands and yin and yang，The fundamentals of all things ... so those who are yin and yang are four o'clock，The end of all things also，The essence of life also，Disaster students，From it, it will not afford to be harsh，It is the way to get the way。"Just as Dong Zhongshu's" Spring and Autumn Fan Lu "is the cloud of" when heaven and man，together as one "。This set of space -time knowledge is at high status in ancient times，In the Book of Rites, it is even called "Ling" -the Time Rules that people must follow。Trial of the formation and development of the entire ancient time culture of China，We can draw such a conclusion，Ancient time cultural system, including the twenty -four solar terms, constructs the time life of ancient Chinese people。The giant picture of the splendid ancient thoughts and culture of the entire star Han，The background of the expansion is exactly the ancient Chinese, including the sun observation, observation of nature time change、Time and space concept system formed。

Twenty -four solar terms are based on the spirit of ancient Chinese science，The more detailed and scientific division of the time of spring, summer, autumn and winter of the year。From the formation and development of the twenty -four solar terms，We can see how ancient Chinese people observe Bet365 app download the world、Know the World、Reform World。Twenty -four solar terms is an excellent representative of the scientific spirit of the connotation of the ancient time cultural system in China，is the greatest crystalline of ancient civilization and wisdom of ancient Chinese，It still has great practicality to this day。Twenty -four solar terms participated in constructing the time life of Chinese people，It has a huge impact on the material life and spiritual aesthetics of the Chinese people，It is the most precious spiritual wealth left by our ancestors。

(Author Unit: School of Humanities of Tsinghua University)