The huge volume and theoretical reviews of online literature creation of the "inclined literature field" formed by the relatively lagging of the theoretical comments，so，Some important network literature phenomena and questions are also difficult to get timely distinguished and answers。Reasons for the reason，In addition to being engaged in online literature research and comments "manual shortage" and traditional academic "visual blind zone" in online literature，An important reason is that the online literature evaluation itself encountered some difficult paradox selection problems。

　　bet365 Play online games

Evaluation of online literature first faces the question of what evaluation standards are up to，and the standard of literary evaluation standards existing in ancient times。If Confucius proposed the poetic standards of "thoughtlessness", "gentleness and gentleness", and "words of words"; Mencius has "not resigning with literature，Do not harm the mind，The theory of Yi Yi Zhi Zhi "; Liu Ye proposes a bit body in" Wenxin Eagle Dragon · Inconsistent "、Set resignation、Tongchang、Qizheng、Things、The "Six View" evaluation standards of the palace businessmen。After that，Li Baiti advocates "Qingshui out of hibiscus，Natural Decoration "，Du Fu advocates "Origin and Qi，Direct Truth True True "，Su Shi advocates "Send to the taste and indifferent"，Yan Yu's standard in "Canglang Poetry" is "interest" and "wonderful enlightenment"，Li Yan proposed the innocence of fake fake、The "childlike theory" standard for thinking about the mind，Wang Guowei uses the "realm" of the external scenery personnel with the inner thoughts and affection as the poem、Aesthetic standards for evaluating poetry。In the history of modern literature，Lu Xun believes that the criteria for criticism are "circles" for literary criticism，Each critic has its own "circle"，"Or a beautiful circle，or a real circle，or a circle of progress "(Lu Xun's" Critical Critics ")，Let's start a comment with this，"Refers to its short，Promoting the director "。

These evaluation standards are used as a historical accumulation of literary bet365 Play online games criticism，It is a summary of the experience of national literature，It still has a draw on today's online literature evaluation、赓 The theoretical value of continuity。But we know，Compared with the traditional literary form，There are many differences in online literature，How to exist in the work、How to exist in the work、Communication Media，Still reading consumption、Functional function、Value composition, etc.，There are many variants，If simply apply traditional criticism standards and evaluation methods，It is inevitable to cause criticism，It is difficult to respond to the actual problem of online literature。Imagine，If we use the standards of "Dream of Red Mansions" to evaluate the online fantasy novel "Douro Continent"，or historical overhead novel "Resessing"，I am afraid it is difficult to accurately reveal the beauty and value of the work，The Internet literary world will also disapprove of it。

such as，Starting from the selection of the 8th Mao Dun Literature Award in 2011，Allow online novels to participate in this long novel award，There are 27 online novels for three consecutive sessions，As a result, "The whole army is overwhelmed"，No victory。But someone discovered it later，The ninth award -winning work "Flowers" was first published in "Nongtang.com"，But it is published after being modified and polished，Award for the application as a traditional novel。"Flower Flowers" won the award，On the one hand, it shows that online literature can create a masterpiece，Evaluation works should not have "media discrimination"; at the same time, it is proven，Online literature should be comparable to traditional literature，Must have the appearance and characteristics of literature。"Flower Flowers" won the award，It is because it meets the evaluation criteria of the "Mao Prize"，The spirit of realism literature，Unity of ideology and artistic nature，Chinese style、China Qi Pai, etc.，instead of concern its "origin"。

In fact，Evaluation of online literature，You must see the difference between it and traditional literature。Different differences: First, the net nature of the creative process，Second is the consumption of reading the market。From the former,，Online literature is not only created in network space，and the interaction between the author and the fans of the netizens，The role bet365 Play online games of the reader is not just accepted the work passively，You can also participate in creation through "support"，Even derived "grain production" for your favorite works，Form author、Reader's "Creation Culture"。Reader's interaction and intervention becomes the production elements of literature，Add more possibilities for the production of the work，The network at this time is not just literary tools and carriers，It is still the "production field" and "breeding mother" of the work，We evaluate online literature can not ignore this "net birth" dimension。Look from the latter，Industrial operations are the survival rules of online literature，Business means to make the author's literary talent and time cost a paid intellectual property and enter the consumer market，Satisfy the spiritual consumption of readers，Also allow yourself to gain benefits。This is born with each other、The business operation mechanism that restricts and share the interests，Dynamic balance that supports online literature，It also enables the entire industry to obtain sustainable economic engine。Therefore，Consumption becomes an indispensable dimension for evaluating online literature。

Netbirth and consumption is a special connotation that is different from traditional literature，Evaluation of online literature needs to evaluate their net students' characteristics and industrial value。This is the choice made based on the reality of online literature，But this does not mean to abandon the traditional，Rejects existing evaluation standards and start another stove; just the opposite，Evaluation of online literature still needs to inherit the theoretical resources of traditional literary evaluation，Analyzing its concept stock，The essence of the essence is used by me。In online literary evaluation activities，Not only does it need to adopt traditional ideological standards and artistic standards，It is also necessary to apply the effective resources of the cultural theory to the practical network literature practice，Uniformly reaches the theoretical continuation and evaluation objects，and use this as a path selection for online literary evaluation。

　　Logic Logic: Based on aesthetic and adapting market

my country's online literature is growing up step by step with the help of commercial capital。Respect readers，Adapt to the market，Construct a business model bet365 live casino games in accordance with economic laws，Online literature has an inherent industrial gene，It is also a major feature of this literature that is different from traditional literature。

Due to the establishment of China's unique "online payment reading，offline IP distribution "industrial path，We cultivated the "Type Novel Empire" with tens of millions of works in the stock，"Chinese Times" created world online literature。Powerful of the commercial operation of online texts，Growing out of the world's unique literary listed companies -Chinese online、Palm Reading Technology and Reading Group，With the website platform "One Over Many Strongest"、Market pattern of hundreds of streams。

Similarly，Because of the "VIP online payment system"，Only formation of "micro -payment -Continuation more -chase text" sticky consumption，formed a "Wen -Art -Entertainment -Entertainment" network cultural industry cluster and industrial chain，With the world presentation of cross -cultural communication and cultural soft power from "foreign translation" to "model out to sea"，It also made the Tang family three young、Silkworm Tudou、Non -guilty、Moon Guan、Angel Oscar and other well -known online writers ... The online literature that adapted to the market ushered in its own "golden age"。But from "love" to "rich" commercial writing，Sometimes it will also become the "original sin" of literature that is also a man -literature.，Still selling money as a text、Commercial first? Evaluating online literature is based on the former，Still focusing on the latter? or，These two are contradictions and opposites，Can it coexist?

We know，Literature as a spiritual cultural product，Its value is basically not material in the spirit; its existence is in humanistic feelings and art aesthetics，It can be measured by not commercial interests and economic standards。But online literature that grows up by reading the consumer market，You need to pass more consumer groups、larger market coverage，can survive and development，Its humanistic feelings and art aesthetics can only be realized in this process -commercial operation of online literature not only involved in social life，At the same time, cut into people's cultural life，Entering the spiritual world of people。Online implementation of fan consumption，offline transfers through IP copyright，Extension bet365 Play online games to Pan Entertainment Culture，Make the multimedia operation of online literature infiltration into the "capillaries" that infiltrate the popular culture，Intelligent intervention in people's cultural life，Created literary and social life、Emotional bond relationship with the spirit of the times。

Visible，The artistic aesthetics and adapting market of online literature are compatible with compatibility，As long as it does not violate the principle of social benefits and priority，Not profitable is the vulgar market，When implementing online literature evaluation，It can be unified based on aesthetics and adapting to the market，Realize "Double Effect One"。The online literary world is called Yanyu Jiangnan、Angry banana、The princes of cat greasy and flames are "Four Great Wenqing"，It shows that their market influence and literary achievements have been recognized by the public。In recent years，Picks and applauded works such as "Internet Heroes" series、"Resessive", "Hurry", "The Lord of the Secret", etc.，All have the popular market and art reputation，When evaluating their value and achievement，Both artistic standards，You need industrial dimension，Lack of any theory logic，It is difficult to cope with its evaluation。

　　Diagram of discourse: offline criticism and online comment

Another phenomenon that needs to be identified as the evaluation of online literature is the problem of the difference between online and offline evaluation。Different from traditional literary evaluation，Online literature has an additional evaluation channel -Internet comment said，And online evaluation can conduct one -to -one or one -to -one interactive communication with creators and other book friends，can be communicated in real time，You can also delay communication，You can even post it、Forum、Discussion in the book review area。Compared with the traditional literary evaluation method，Online online evaluation is the most fast、The most intuitive and fresh evaluation。To support this efficient evaluation method，The starting point network also developed the "This chapter" APP，Let the instant comments of the bookmate appear like a barrage，Make readers feel the same，Perform the work fun，Feeling reading fun。The speech of many bookmates，Provides a variety of possibilities and different angles for understanding bet365 Play online games the work，Sometimes the wonderful chapter review、Paragraph reviews can form a "literary stalk"，Chuangsheng "Text+Chapter Speaking = crowdfunding novels" new mode，"Repair Chat Group" and "Dungeon Players" and other novels are renewed at all times，I have made such attempts，This is the further deepening and innovation of online comments。

Compared with online evaluation，Offline network evaluation is lagging，But more professional and academic nature。They are generally implemented by professional critics or college researchers，The results of its theoretical comment are mostly published in graphic media，such as newspaper and academic journals。From the perspective of traditional literary concepts and academic systems，The results of offline evaluation results are more sufficient，Evaluation is more objective，It is also more convincing and authoritative。

The online evaluation of online literature and offline evaluation have their own strengths and each other.，The differences between them are very obvious。There are two main reasons: First, the main reason，The second is media factors。From the evaluation subject,，Online critics are mostly netizens composed of "Fun Yuan Book Friends"，They are not professional critics (there are few scholars fans)，Generally with reading feelings and my own preferences to make online sounds，Plaza -style criticism that forms a "noise"，It is often beneficial to say good，Disadvantages say bad，Three words，Direct strike key，But it is also possible to say that it is not as good as or regardless of etiquette，Coarse spray people，Manufacturing garbage comment。Offline comments are mostly conducted by professional scholars，They have certain theoretical preparation and literary cultivation，Do professional things with professional status，Naturally more professional。

The influence of the media's discourse on literary evaluation is more obvious。The Internet is both a mass media，It can also be the media and self -media，It sinks the right to speak to every netizen，Explain free expression and instant evaluation，extend from the function of the network to the rights of netizens。Active online comment lacks "Guardians"，No "Aired Settings"，It is easy to create an atmosphere that everyone can speak and tolerate people，This is deeply considerate with the expression bet365 Play online games of traditional media、Layers to check、For the reason, it is necessary to be very different。As far as the influence of evaluation，The influence of online evaluation is mainly in the industry，The influence of offline evaluation is mainly in the academic community。From the good ecology of the establishment of a web post，Online evaluation and offline evaluation should take the long、Self -make up for short -traditional scholars should learn the grounding of the netizens、Swipe the net，Tucao playing stalk，If you have something straight，Fresh and agile advantages，Avoid falling books and bags，Simply apply the standards and modes of traditional literary criticism，Let the evaluation turn into an unprecedented high -headed lecture。Book friends who evaluated online also need to learn traditional scholars to take the evaluation object carefully，Make your evaluation more objective and in -depth，The interaction between the book friend circle and the fan group becomes the "key" of interpretation of online works and the motivation for the healthy development of online literature。

(this article is the "Theoretical and Practical Research Research on my country's Online Literature Evaluation System" (16zda193) phase results)

(Author Unit: School of Literature and News and Communication of Central South University)