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Director of the Institute of World Economic and Political Research of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Researcher     

Research direction: international political economy, world economy

Representative works: "Economic Development and Institutional Selection", "International Economic and Political Science", "The Road to Peace Development in China"

For 43 years of reform and opening up，China's economy has achieved world -renowned achievements，The most fundamental reason for its success is reform and opening up。So，What kind of theoretical logic does China open to the outside world?

As early as 1978，Deng Xiaoping proposed，China wants to develop，Close the door to engage in construction is impossible。In recent years，General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized many times on different occasions，"Open brings progress，Closure leads to backwardness "。These expressions have Bet365 app download actually proved，China's opening up is the most important pillar of China's economic success。Looking back at China's development over 40 years，From the perspective of economics，China's success is the success of long -term growth。Long -term growth，or economic growth，Refers to the growth of per capita income。Per capita income growth is only one reason，is an increase in labor productivity，Because the per capita income increase is an increase in output within the unit time，Refers to the improvement of labor productivity。

So，What are the reasons for the improvement of labor productivity? What is the source?，First is technological progress，This is clearly visible，Needless to say。The second is division of labor、Professional and exchange。A and B's superior products produced and exchange。During the product production process，Although neither achieve technical progress，But because they all produce their own advantages and exchange，This improves the overall output level。Of course，One of them has a very critical condition，Exchange。For example，A only grow cotton，Cotton planting is an advantage of A，b only grain，This bet365 live casino games is the advantage of B，They realized division of labor and professional production，But if no exchange，There will be problems: A without clothes，B without food。So，Exchange is very important，Exchange involves a series of rules and institutional guarantees。

So，division of labor、What are the factors determined by professionalism and exchange? Adam Smith talked about in "National Wealth"，"This depends on the size of the market size，The larger the market size，The more production elements participating in division of labor and professionalization，division of labor, the more detailed，The more you can use your own advantages，Comparative or absolute advantages to exchange，and get greater benefits "。Later generations refer to Smith's theory as "Smith theorem"，that is, economic growth depends on the expansion of the market size，The market size is large，The income of trade creation has increased。

China's open practice confirms the theory of long -term growth。The major achievements in China's opening up are in depth of China to participate in international division of labor and continuous deepening rules.。Vigorously attract foreign capital、Bet365 lotto review Establish a special economic zone、Establish an export -oriented policy、Enterprise Going out, etc.，All these have expanded the market scale，On the basis of international division of labor, the benefits of trade are getting larger and larger。Of course，This process must be accompanied by technical progress。

Long -term growth theory has been considered a Western theory。But these thoughts actually talked about the ancient Chinese people more than 2000 years ago.，The deep -seated logic of China's open practice contains the traditional wisdom of the Chinese people。Adam Smith’s "National Wealth Theory" was written more than 200 years ago，and as early as 2000 years ago，Sima Qian wrote "Biography of Freight" in "Historical Records"。"Freight" is actually an increase in what we say now。In "The Biography of Freight"，Sima Qian talked about how to achieve cargo colonization，That is, "It is easy to make it easier"，Use me more things to change my less thing。In the book "Huainanzi" written by Liu An's almost contemporary Liu An，It also talked about how to achieve natural yields: "With all easy -to -do;，That is, I changed it with what I have，Use bet365 best casino games what I am good at production. I ’m not good at production。This can be seen，Basic ideas and logical architectures in international trade theory，Our ancestors had expressed it more than 2000 years ago。"With all easy", "with more and easy to make it fresh", "the worker is clumsy"，To a considerable extent, all the contents of today's international trade theory。I call the theory of China as "Huainanzi · Sima Qian theorem"。

Smith、Li Jiatu is mainly talking about "the clumsy of the work of the work"，But I haven't discussed it in detail. "。Later，Eli F. Heckscher in Sweden and Bertil Gotthard Ohlin supplemented。They emphasized natural endowment，How much and no problems。One of the two major logic base points of long -term growth theory，is division of labor and trade income，You can find obvious correspondence in traditional Chinese culture，At the same time, we can also clearly see the process of cognitive and wisdom of the Eastern and Western cognitives and the wisdom of sages。

Of course，What needs to be emphasized is，Since the participation of division of labor is exchanged，There must be a rule of exchange，So reform and opening up are unified。Reform plays a very important bet365 best casino games role here。In the discussion of this forum，Professor Zheng Yongnian also talked about property rights，The exchange must be based on the property right contract。China joins the World Trade Organization (WTO)，Signed the "Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement" (RCEP)、Promote the "China -Europe Comprehensive Investment Agreement" (CAI) landing，and apply to join the "Comprehensive and Progressive Cross -Pacific Partnership Agreement" (CPTPP)。All of this is to add a rule system，In the corresponding system，People can protect their rights、Forms stable expectations、Reduce transaction costs，so as to achieve huge and potential trade income。This is the logic of China's opening to the outside world。Open is an important fulcrum for China's modernization process，By opening，China has obtained a huge income from trade。