[Core Tip] Marx’s historical materialism as a theoretical exploration to build a new type of bet365 voucher，Contains reference to a specific civilizational era，The sublation of the capitalist era，And the integration with the inherent civilizations of different regions。

In the development process of Marx’s thought，The diagnosis and criticism of modern bet365 voucher constitute the theoretical driving force for its construction of historical materialism。"bet365 voucher"，As a theoretical concept，In the early ideological analysis of Marx, he was always opposed to "barbarism"，In its broad sense, it is equivalent to the general name of a specific era。In "Introduction to "Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right"，Marx pointed out directly，“Our era is the era of bet365 voucher”，That is, the era that is generated and defined by the spread of capital logic。Marx once made the following diagnosis of this form of bet365 voucher: “It makes people’s objective nature as something merely external、Material things are separated from people，It does not consider human content to be human reality。"This statement with a strong Hegelian philosophy was transformed into the basic stipulation of alienated labor in the "Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844": man is separated from the products of his own labor，Also separated from its own production process，Finally versus another person, the capitalist。The result is: "The more perfect the products created by workers，The workers themselves become more deformed，The objects created by workers are more civilized，The workers themselves are becoming more barbaric。”The dialectical relationship between bet365 voucher and barbarism constitutes an effective theoretical entry point for Marx’s criticism of contemporary society。bet365 voucher，This does not represent a completely certain value judgment，It becomes a logic that contains capital、A general term for a new era including progressive coercion，In a sense, it became the starting point for the construction of Marx’s historical materialism。

Marx’s historical materialism is not a philosophy of history in the strict sense。Although it has provided different perspectives on the evolution of human society，But for historical materialism，The more fundamental issue is: the possibility and reality of changing the existing living world，That is, "for practical materialists, that is, communists，The whole problem is to revolutionize the existing world，Practically oppose and change existing things”。This means，The logical starting point of historical materialism is the existing real life，The theoretical purpose is how to establish a new era based on changing existing things，This era is very important to the young Marx，Can be called socialism or communism。Marx’s research on the barbaric or civilized forms of human society are all based on this demand to “change the world”。Just this change to the world，The fundamental difference from utopian socialists and all speculative theorists is that he starts from the existing criticism object，That is, starting from the "civilized era" we are already living in。Marx had a more dialectical theoretical perspective on the "bet365 voucher" he criticized，This dialectic is presented as the self-dialectics of the birth and development of bet365 voucher in the context of historical materialism。Under the perspective of historical materialism，The driving force that fundamentally promotes the birth of a bet365 voucher that is opposed to barbarism lies in the actual production and labor of human beings。To this，Marx once specifically pointed out the difference between "naturally formed tools of production" and "tools of production created by bet365 voucher"，That is, the former shows that individuals are dominated by nature，The latter shows that it is "dominated by the products of labor"，That is, it is manifested as being "dominated by accumulated labor, that is, capital"。In other words，For Marx，The birth of bet365 voucher does not mean a state that people enter immediately after breaking away from the primitive state of eating hair and drinking blood - although when he talked about the ancient bet365 voucher being conquered by barbarians, there was indeed a possibility of understanding bet365 voucher in this way - but In terms of the focus of research on historical materialism，The era built by the rule of capital is the symbol of the true arrival of bet365 voucher。Marx’s historical materialism is based on the analysis and criticism of such a unique bet365 voucher form。Therefore，In the different stages of the development of human society，The presupposition contained in the logic of capital has become a core thread of the bet365 voucher process。

The birth of the civilized era was universalized only in capitalist society，Explained by the division of material labor and spiritual labor，The basic content that runs through the entire history of bet365 voucher，Including ethnic groups that have broken through regional boundaries、Only in capitalist society can issues such as the state be highlighted as an object that needs to be studied，That is, the nation、The country only demonstrates its unique historical significance in its confrontation with civil society。In other words，A form of bet365 voucher in the true sense，In the perspective of Marx’s historical materialism, it is typically represented as an era dominated by capitalism。Because of this，Marx’s attitude towards the “civilized” era is destined to be dialectical。On the one hand，Marx in the process of scientific research on the logic of capital，Always remain concerned about the suffering of workers struggling under the logic of capital。This concern eventually turned into a logic of confrontation between capital and labor，Throughout the late Marx's criticism of political economy represented by "Das Kapital"。On the other hand，Marx never denies the positive role played by the logic of capital in the evolution of human bet365 voucher: the bourgeoisie "created the productive forces in its less than a hundred years of class rule，More than the total productivity created in all previous eras，Even bigger”。In addition, the bourgeoisie has the internal motivation to continuously innovate social relations，Therefore，Although this particular era of bet365 voucher bleeds with blood and filth from every pore，But it has become a positive driving force for the continuous evolution of human bet365 voucher。

It is precisely based on the self-dialectics of the birth and evolution of bet365 voucher，The possibility and reality of establishing a new bet365 voucher form are destined to present a dialectical dimension。Therefore，In Marx’s perspective，The formation process of any new bet365 voucher form is always a process that has to compete with the logic of capital。The process of this game is destined to vary depending on the region、Different cultures are completely different。For example，Facing modern colonialism，Especially related discussions such as Indian colonial issues，Marx demonstrated a unique dialectical perspective: "Britain has a dual mission in India: one is to destroy，That is, the elimination of the old Asian-style society；The other is the mission of reconstruction，That is, laying the material foundation for Western-style society in Asia。”Marx even gave a positive evaluation of the British construction of railways in India，believes that the latter will help promote India’s bet365 voucher process。But it is obvious that the process of this bet365 voucher is just a simple copy of the existing bet365 voucher type based on the logic of capital，Rather than the birth of a new type of bet365 voucher in the true sense。

Exploring a new possible type of bet365 voucher，In Marx’s theoretical perspective, it manifests itself as a fusion of expectations about the future and the logic of current capital。It is typically reflected in Marx’s discussions in different texts on the modernization path of backward Germany and whether the Russian Commune can cross the Kaftin Gorge。What the two old societies have in common is，They all lag behind the bet365 voucher era dominated by capital logic。The difference between them is，In backward Germany，Marx discovered the anachronism in the connotation of bet365 voucher, that is, the German federal government is a type of bet365 voucher that contains the civilizational flaws of all modern political fields and the barbaric flaws of the old system。For Marx who has not yet been able to carry out in-depth criticism of political economy，What the liberation of backward Germany requires is to find a special class that bears all the suffering，Hope to rely on some kind of radical political revolution to complete the reconstruction of a new bet365 voucher。But the flames of the European revolution in 1848 in a sense denied the feasibility of such a subjective revolutionary path，After a systematic critical study of political economics, we once again encountered the realistic issue of how to build a new bet365 voucher for backward Russia，Marx perfected the dialectics of the evolution of a new bet365 voucher: on the one hand，In his "Letter to the Editorial Board of "Chronicle of the Fatherland"", Marx clearly denied that the historical overview of the origin of capitalism in Western Europe should be used as the general path for the development of the entire human society。On the other hand，But before facing the feasibility of Russian communes crossing the Kaftin Valley of capitalism，This still includes coexistence with Western production for world markets，This actually means that Russia still needs a quasi-capitalized mode of production to provide it with the necessary material foundation to move towards a new bet365 voucher form。Only on this material basis，Public ownership inherent in Russian communes，And cooperative labor and many other measures to abandon the old bet365 voucher era can gain real significance。

Marx’s historical materialism as a theoretical exploration to build a new type of bet365 voucher，Contains reference to a specific civilizational era，The sublation of the capitalist era，And the integration with the inherent civilizations of different regions。The dialectics of Marx’s theory of bet365 voucher can ultimately provide a realistic and feasible specific plan for the construction of new civilizations in different regions。

(Author’s affiliation: Department of bet365 voucher, School of Humanities, Tsinghua University)