From the records of the pre -Qin literature，The social life of Zhou Dynasty nobles is closely related to the classic cultural classics。Xiangyan、Big Shooting、Drinking and other rituals，They heard "Poetry" music、Watching Dance Rong，揖 Letting Zhouxuan has gifts to follow。Discussion in Chaotang、Diplomacy and other types of public and private exchanges，They cited "Poetry" and "Book"，Quality text leaning，Quality text leaning，Letters and signs。So，Doctor Jin Yan Yan Yan: "Poetry" and "Book"，Yizhi's Mansion also; Ritual and Music，Dezhi also。"Confucius said:" Don't learn "Poetry"，No words "，"Don't Learn Gift，No to stand "。This kind of knowledge is gradually regarded as a cultural literacy necessary for nobles，It has also become a public knowledge generally passed on in Wangguan's education，It has certain authority。but but，This kind of publicity gradually disintegrates with the slightly king -type type，In the era of "Taoism will crack the world"，The classic of "Not Cut" is facing the crisis of scattered。

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Under the spirit of Confucius' "faith and ancient",，A batch of "advanced in ritual and music", the people of the cloth -coat became the backbone of the classic inheritance。Facing the question of "Ancient and Modern Inflightening" and "Treatment of Chaos Different Tao"，They firmly believe that there is always a long -lasting "Tao" storage behind the changing world，The human body realizes this "Tao"，and pass the ancient classics、​​Relief re -editing，Pour the heart of the body channel in it。These literatures that carry for a long time are the "Scriptures" of Confucianism。So far，A new knowledge concept began to form，and bred a new way of reading -readers need to penetrate the text or the surface of the ritual，Go to experience the micro -words of the sage's inconvenience。"Victory" and "Italian" are drawn a gap，Only under the guidance of experienced teachers，can you find the bridge that communicates the two。"Teachers' Law" as the Bet365 app download only way to pass the classics，The scope of the "Jing" was finally expanded to "Six Arts"。

In the early Western Han Dynasty，The "teacher method" that has been passed down for a long time appears in the wave of writing，The tradition written by the biography is turned on，and derived upload、Note、Training、诂、Say、Remember、Theory、Tong、chapters、Discussion、Yi Shu、Various diversity of justice。Five years of Emperor Wu Emperor Jianyuan (BC 136)，Studies are identified as official learning，Taixue、Class test and other education and selection methods are gradually institutionalized，"Stone Sutra" and "Dingben" and other text forms and concepts that pursue the accuracy of text formation will be formed。Under the promotion of the imperial power，Liu Xiang、Liu Ye's father and son established a knowledge system centered on "six arts"，Diverse diversification since the evening of the week，Even difficulties、Various knowledge that is not tolerate、Learning theory in this new system to set its own position，The basic pattern of Chinese civilization, respect for Confucianism and diverse, is laid out here。Studies not only constitute the basic knowledge reserve of ancient scholars，More profoundly shaped their spiritual world。The concept of "Zong Jing" and "Shengsheng" deeply acts in literature、History、Philosophy、Art，Even medicine、Mathematics、astronomy、Geography、Water conservancy and other natural knowledge areas，and Buddhism、Taoism and other religion fusion，It has a broad impact on all strata of society。other，The spread of classics has an important role in the formation of the Chinese nation community，The circulation of the "Four Books and Five Classics" and its interpretation system in East Asia，Build more Chinese characters as a carrier、East Asian Cultural Circle with Confucianism as the original，Make outstanding contributions to the diversity of world civilization。

　　Discrimination of the scoring of classics under the modern discipline

After the development of classics, it has been subject to metaphysics during the development process、The impact of a variety of thoughts such as Buddhism，Itself also differentiates on several schools，But the bet365 best casino games biggest impact comes from the modern wave since the late 19th century。Zhang Zhidong is in the "Articles of Association" in Jingshi University，Once the "scripture" was worshiped as the first of the eight subjects，It is advocated that "studying scholars should push the scriptures into practicality"。But this discipline forcibly embedded in the modern subject system，Soon it was abolished because of its unsuitable time。Shortly after the Revolution of the People's Republic of China，Studies withdraw from the university、Middle School and Primary School Education。At the same time，A new classic view has risen，Its masterpiece is Mr. Zhu Ziqing's "Classic Talk"。From "Six Arts" to "Thirteen Classics"，Although the scriptures have continued to evolve，But the scriptures and division methods it referred to、Chuan Note is always clear; and what Mr. Zhu said "classic"，Not only expands to "Historical Records" and "Han Book"、Zhuzi、Ci Fu and other documents，and there is no clear range，"Classic" becomes a disgusting words、The daily knowledge that Jiashu said。Of course，The biggest change of this new classic view，The "saint" hidden behind the "Scriptures" is completely eliminated，The literature must pass through the beauty of its own text、History value or ideological charm win new readers。Studies have been dead，Classic Rebellion，After a period of exploration，"The Analects of Confucius" and "Mencius" becomes a cultural classic for liberal arts college students，"Book of Songs" and "Zuo Zhuan" is included in the must -read book of Chinese literary history courses，"Zhou Yi" and "Book of Rites" became the case of the Chinese philosophy of philosophy，and "Shang Shu" and "Zuo Zhuan" have become the basic doors of ancient history learning。Finding the ownership under the new discipline system。

but but，After more than 100 years of discipline development，This new classic view and the disadvantages of the university division system are also increasingly revealed。First of all, there are a lot of admission、Shuyi is regarded as the "distorted" and "explanation" of the classic and was abandoned。There is a phenomenon in the history of contemporary publishing.，As a leader bet365 best casino games published by ancient books，Chunghwa Book Company has established the selection of "Thirteen Classics of the Qing Dynasty" for a long time，and continuously organize and publish，Now it is a big view;，No system is organized。In fact，Qingren Note more attention to word training、Famous Report、Entrances for the text and other text levels of the system，Closer to modern academics' understanding and needs for "annotation"，Therefore, it is more likely to be accepted by modern academics。and the "Five Classic Justice" rooted in the tradition of the six dynasty righteousness and ethics of the six dynasties "，The position of its "sparse injection" looks pedantic and ridiculous under modern academic concepts，Its differential differentiality is different、The compilation concept of the throughout the classics is also often lost，Cold encounter，It is inevitable。but but，The particularity of the scriptures is that on the one hand, it emphasizes that the "Scripture" is constant and unchanged，On the other hand, it is always committed to establishing a new interpretation system。Scholars of all generations have always tried to discover the scriptures that meet the needs of the times from the classics，Also try emerging knowledge、The concept is integrated into the interpretation of the classics，So，Although the menstrual regulation is constant for a long time，Scripture is long -lasting。Not to mention，Due to writing banknotes、Passing and other reasons，A large number of different texts appear at the text level，From this bred publishing note、Lean Seeking of Provenance。So，Japanese scholars in the field of literature and history: "Scripture is a classical classical Chinese classical，It is the most top -minded person in China，Hengsong 2,000 years，Crystal that has been completed by his spiritual soul for a long time。"The so -called" classics "here，Mainly refers to the passage of the passage。Next，There are still some scriptures because it is difficult to integrate literature、History、Philosophy and other modern discipline systems have been marginalized，For example, "The Biography of the Gongyang", "Gu Liang Biography", "Ritual", "Zhou Li", etc.。Of course，Bet365 lotto review With the deepening of scientific research，This situation has been greatly improved。

In fact，Ancient Greek language、Literature、Art、History、Philosophy as the core "classical science" constitutes an important knowledge basis for European "Renaissance"，and ultimately given birth to the basic value concept of civilization。So，Most of the well -known universities in the West still have special departments for classical studies，Not only the research on each special topic can be continued，And there are many breakthroughs at the theoretical level，An important platform for becoming an innovation of humanistic methodology，It shows that classical knowledge does not lose its value because of the appearance of modern society。What we need is the full understanding and creative conversion of classical knowledge。This is particularly important for the Chinese nation with a history of civilization for more than 5,000 years。

　　Studies in scriptures in the vision of interdisciplinary

For nearly 30 years，The appearance of scientific research has taken great improvement，History of Classics、Thought of Classics、Study System、Men's literature and other fields have appeared in many representative results，Alternative works such as "History of Chinese Classics", "History of Chinese Classics", "History of Chinese Confucianism"。other，The "Research on Chinese Economics System" hosted by Professor Xu Xingwu was listed as a major project of the State Social Science Fund; "Chinese Classics" and "Studies Research" as professional collections，A greater response was obtained in the academic community; the newly founded "Research on Traditional Culture" established by Peking University also set the "study research" as a key section。but but，The current study research mostly pays attention to the internal text of the classics、Thought、changes in the system，Macroscopic research on the overall cultural value of the classics of the cultural value of the cross -disciplinary civilization is still insufficient。For example，Confucius does not say strange power of God，Therefore, the pre -Qin Confucianism is not interested in digital surgery，regard it as a trail，But the Warring States Period has developed rapidly，Especially in bet365 live casino games Ligue、Calendar、astronomy、Monthly ordered a large amount of substantial breakthroughs，Wide attention from knowledgeable people。Dong Zhongshu、Sima Qian、Liu Xiang、Liu Ye、Yangxiong、Ban Gu、Zheng Xuan、Cai Yan and others from different angles，Integrate traditional scriptures and emerging knowledge，The series formed therefore said that not only the "six arts" knowledge system was rebuilt，It also changed the cultural status of counting surgery。Humble book "The Five Elements of Hong Fan in the Han Dynasty" is based on "the classification of a heterogeneous knowledge" as the sub -question，I hope to promote the cross -study between the history of classics and other door knowledge.。other，Even in the traditional four knowledge，It should also deepen cross -research，Take ancient literature research as an example，"Author", "Poet", "Calligraphy", "Righteous Method", "Hidden Micro", "Bixing", "Steaming", "Words", "Fate Love" and other poetics、The concept of articles stems from the Legend of the Warring States Period of the Warring States Period，How did these concepts initially formed? What is the significance in the theoretical trip from scriptures to literature?。

other，The current penetrating studies are mostly cut in from the perspective of classics，strive to sort out the formation of classics at the time of time、The process of evolution，Lack of system refining、Explain the principle of formation of classics、Communication mechanism、Explanation direction、Knowledge System、Social function and other issues of theoretical works。In fact，The form of science is constantly changing in history，Only after modern knowledge system、Disciplinary paradigm baptism，It is possible to rejuvenate their vitality。In the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China，The trend of writing the theoretical works of classics，Piciru's "Theory of Studies" appeared、Chen Yanjie's "Introduction to Sutra" and other representative theory。But on the one hand, it is difficult for them to break away from the entanglement of the portal of the Confucian, Han and Song dynasties，On the other hand, it is also limited by the academic paradigm of the times，Theoretical、Systemic aspects of regret。

In recent years，Some bet365 Play online games scholars have proposed to learn from the theoretical system of Western classical science to build the theoretical framework of Chinese classics，and made useful attempts。Of course，Whether it is the type of knowledge、Text form、style style、Communication method，Still thought composition，There are important differences between Chinese classics and western classical sciences。So，On the basis of a moderate reference on the theoretical system of Western classical science，Return to Chinese Classics Literature、Thought、System's own tradition，Considering the general law of the evolution of world civilization，Also follow the uniqueness of the development of Chinese civilization。Only find a reasonable balance point between the two，can we build a truly reflecting the formation of Chinese classics、The theoretical system of scientific study of the value of the history of civilization，To understand that contemporary people, including Western readers, understand that Chinese classics opens the door diameter。

(The author is an associate professor hired by the Department of Chinese Literature and Literature at Peking University、Deputy Director)