Judging from the records of pre-Qin literature，The social life of Zhou Dynasty aristocrats is closely related to cultural bet365 mobile betting。Zai Xiangyan、Big shot、During various rituals such as village drinking，They heard the music of "Poetry"、Appreciate the dance appearance，There are etiquettes to follow when making decisions and dealing with others。Debating in the court、During various public and private exchanges such as diplomatic exchanges，They quoted "Poetry" and "Book"，Entry and Exit Grave Code，Quality and text depend on each other，Believe and conquer。Therefore，Zhao Shaiyan, a doctor of Jin Dynasty: "Poetry" and "Book"，The House of Justice；Rites and Music，The principles of virtue。"Confucius said: "Don't study "Poetry"，No words”，“Not learning etiquette，No way to stand”。This kind of knowledge is gradually regarded as a necessary cultural quality for nobles，It has also become common public knowledge in the education of royal officials，Has certain authority。However，This public nature gradually disintegrated with the decline of royal power，In the era of "Taoism will tear the world apart"，The "so-but-not" bet365 mobile betting are in danger of being scattered。

　　Confucian bet365 mobile betting as the foundation of classical civilization

Inspired by Confucius’ spirit of “faith and love of the past”，A group of common people who are "advanced in etiquette and music" have become the backbone of the inheritance of bet365 mobile betting。Facing the doubts about "different feelings in ancient and modern times" and "heterogeneous ways of governing chaos"，They firmly believe that behind the ever-changing world there is always an unchanging "Tao"，The saint understands this "Tao"，And through ancient texts、Reordering of Ritual，Pour the heart of body into it。These documents that carry the eternal truth are the "bet365 mobile betting" of Confucianism。To this point，A new concept of knowledge begins to form，And gave birth to a new way of reading - readers need to penetrate the surface of words or rituals，To understand the great meaning of the saint’s inconvenient words。A gap is drawn between "ci" and "meaning"，Only under the guidance of experienced teachers，In order to find a bridge between the two。"Learning the Dharma" has thus become the only way to pass on the bet365 mobile betting，And the scope of "Jing" was finally expanded to "Six Arts"。

Early Western Han Dynasty，The long-term oral tradition of "Learning from the Master" has become a wave of writing，This is the beginning of the tradition of scripture writing，And derived from it、Note、Training、诂、say、note、On、通、Chapter and sentence、Review、Yi Shu、Diverse forms of justice。The fifth year of Emperor Wu’s reign (136 BC)，Confucian bet365 mobile betting was identified as official school，太学、Education and official selection methods such as class examinations are gradually institutionalized，The pursuit of textual accuracy such as the "Stone bet365 mobile betting" and "Dingben" text forms and concepts were formed。Under the promotion of imperial power，Liu Xiang、Liu Xin and his son established a knowledge system centered on the "Six Arts"，Mixed and diverse since the late Zhou Dynasty，Even criticizing each other、Various kinds of incompatible knowledge、The doctrines have their place in this new system，This is how the basic pattern of Chinese civilization advocating Confucianism and pluralism was established。Confucian bet365 mobile betting not only constituted the basic knowledge reserve of ancient scholars，More profoundly shaped their spiritual world。The concepts of "Zong Jing" and "Conquering Saints" have a profound impact on literature、History、Philosophy、Art，Even medicine、Mathematics、Astronomy、Geography、Natural knowledge fields such as water conservancy，And Buddhism、Integration of Taoism and other religions，Have a wide impact on all levels of society。In addition，The spread of Confucian bet365 mobile betting plays an important role in the formation of the Chinese national community，With the spread of the "Four Books and Five bet365 mobile betting" and its interpretation system in East Asia，More efforts are made to use Chinese characters as the carrier、The East Asian cultural circle based on Confucianism，Made outstanding contributions to the diversity of world civilization。

　　The loss of focus of Confucian bet365 mobile betting under the modern discipline system

Confucian bet365 mobile betting were influenced by metaphysics during its development、The impact of Buddhism and other thoughts，It has also divided into several schools of thought，But the biggest impact undoubtedly comes from the wave of modernization since the late 19th century。Zhang Zhidong was "composing the regulations" at the Capital University，Once regarded "Confucian bet365 mobile betting" as the first of the eight subjects，Advocates that "students of bet365 mobile betting should apply the meaning of bet365 mobile betting to practical applications"。But this discipline is forcibly embedded in the modern discipline system，Soon to be deposed for his anachronism。Shortly after the Republic of China Revolution，Withdrawal of Confucian bet365 mobile betting from the university、Secondary and primary education。At the same time，A new view of bet365 mobile betting arises，His representative work is Mr. Zhu Ziqing's "bet365 mobile betting"。From "Six Arts" to "Thirteen bet365 mobile betting"，Although the scriptures of the past dynasties continue to evolve，But it refers to scriptures and teachings、The annotation is always clear；And Mr. Zhu’s “classic”，Expanded not only to "Historical Records" and "Hanshu"、Contemporaries、Ci Fu and other documents，And there is no clear scope，“Classic” has become a idiom、Daily knowledge about Jia Shushuo。Of course，The biggest change in this new view of bet365 mobile betting，The "saint" hidden behind the "scripture" has been completely eliminated，Documentation must pass through the beauty of its own words、The value of historical materials or the charm of ideas win new readers。Confucian bet365 mobile betting are dead，Classic Resurrection，After a period of exploration，"The Analects" and "Mencius" have become must-read cultural bet365 mobile betting for liberal arts college students，"The Book of Songs" and "Zuo Zhuan" are included in the required reading list of the literary history course of the Chinese Department，"Book of Changes" and "Book of Rites" have become desk references for Chinese philosophy majors in the Department of Philosophy，The "Book of Documents" and "Zuo Zhuan" have become the basic methods for studying ancient history in the history department。Group bet365 mobile betting finds its place again under the new discipline system。

However，After more than a hundred years of subject development，This new view of bet365 mobile betting and the shortcomings of the university's subject system are increasingly exposed。The first is a large number of comments、The sparse meaning is regarded as a "distortion" and "conjecture" of the bet365 mobile betting and abandoned。There is a phenomenon in the history of contemporary publishing that is worth pondering，As the leader in ancient book publishing，Zhonghua Book Company has long established the selection of "Annotations on the Thirteen bet365 mobile betting of the Qing Dynasty"，And continue to compile and publish，Now it has become a grand sight；However, the more classic "Commentaries on the Thirteen bet365 mobile betting" have only had photocopies for a long time，Not organized by the system。In fact，The Qing Dynasty Notes pay more attention to word exegesis、Research on Famous Things、Text-level textual research such as system sorting，Closer to modern academic understanding and needs of "annotations"，Therefore, it is easier to be accepted by modern academics。The "Five bet365 mobile betting of Justice" is rooted in the Six Dynasties Yishu tradition of "keeping notes" and "responding to enemies"，His position of "not breaking the annotations if they are sparse" seems pedantic and ridiculous under modern academic concepts，Distinguish similarities and differences、The compilation concept of the group scriptures is often far-fetched，Received a cold reception，Unavoidable。However，The particularity of Confucian bet365 mobile betting lies in its emphasis on the immutability of "bet365 mobile betting"，On the other hand, it is always committed to establishing a new interpretation system。Scholars of all ages have always tried to discover scripture meanings that adapt to the needs of the times from the scriptures，Also try to integrate emerging knowledge、Integrating concepts into the interpretation of scriptures，Therefore，Although the scriptures remain unchanged，The scriptures say it remains timeless。Not to mention，Due to writing money、Various reasons such as transfer engraving，There are a large number of variations in the scriptures at the textual level，This is how the version was born、The pursuit of excellence in proofreading。Therefore，Japanese scholar Noma Fumashi said: "Confucian bet365 mobile betting are the bet365 mobile betting among Chinese bet365 mobile betting，The most talented person in China，Across two thousand years，The crystallization that has been completed by pouring one’s spirit and soul over a long period of time。”What is called “Confucian bet365 mobile betting” here，Mainly refers to the bet365 mobile betting and commentaries。Secondly，There are still some scriptures that are difficult to integrate into literature、History、Philosophy and other modern discipline systems were once marginalized，For example, "Gongyang Zhuan", "Gu Liang Zhuan", "Ritual", "Zhou Li", etc.。Of course，With the deepening of the study of bet365 mobile betting，This situation has been greatly improved。

In fact，In ancient Greek language、Literature、Art、History、"bet365 mobile betting" with philosophy as its core constitutes an important knowledge foundation for the European "Renaissance"，And eventually gave birth to the basic values ​​of modern civilization。Therefore，Most famous Western universities still have dedicated classical departments，Not only the research on various topics can be continued，And there are many breakthroughs at the theoretical level，Become an important platform for methodological innovation in the humanities，This shows that classical knowledge has not lost its value due to the emergence of modern society。What we need is a full understanding and creative transformation of classical knowledge。This is particularly important for the Chinese nation with a history of civilization of more than 5,000 years。

　　Confucian bet365 mobile betting Research from an Interdisciplinary Perspective

Nearly thirty years，The face of classical studies has been greatly improved，In the history of Confucian bet365 mobile betting、Confucian bet365 mobile betting thoughts、Confucian bet365 mobile betting system、Many representative results have appeared in the fields of Confucian bet365 mobile betting and literature，There are also comprehensive works such as "History of Chinese Confucian Thought", "History of Chinese Confucianism", and "History of Chinese Confucianism"。In addition，The "Research on Chinese bet365 mobile betting System" and other economics topics chaired by Professor Xu Xingwu were listed as major projects of the National Social Science Fund；"Chinese Confucian Studies" and "Confucian Confucian Studies" as professional collections，Achieve great response in the academic community；The newly founded "Traditional Culture Studies" by Peking University also sets "Confucian bet365 mobile betting Research" as a key column。However，Current studies on Confucian bet365 mobile betting mostly focus on internal texts of Confucian bet365 mobile betting、Thoughts、Changes in the system，Macroscopic research on the overall cultural value of Confucian bet365 mobile betting from the perspective of interdisciplinary civilization history is still insufficient。For example，Confucius is silent and has strange power and chaos，Therefore, pre-Qin Confucians had little interest in mathematical knowledge，Think of it as a trail，But the mathematics of the Warring States Period developed rapidly，Especially in the rhythm、Calendar、Astronomy、A large number of substantial breakthroughs have been made in Yue Ling and other fields，Received widespread attention from intellectuals。Dong Zhongshu、Sima Qian、Liu Xiang、Liu Xin、Yang Xiong、Ban Gu、Zheng Xuan、Cai Yong and other Han Confucians from different perspectives，Integrate traditional scriptures with emerging knowledge，The resulting series of scriptures not only reconstructed the "Six Arts" knowledge system，Also changed the cultural status of numerology。My humble work "Hong Fan's Five Elements Studies in Han Dynasty" has "A Confucianization of Heterogeneous Knowledge" as its subtitle，I hope this will promote cross-research between the history of Confucian bet365 mobile betting and the history of other categories of knowledge。In addition，Even among the four traditional learnings，Interdisciplinary research should also be deepened，Take the study of ancient literature as an example，A large number of poetics such as "author", "poet", "literary talent", "righteousness", "hidden", "bixing", "allegory", "statement", "emotion", etc.、The concept of article studies originated from the interpretation of legends in the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties，How these concepts were first formed？How does meaning shift during the theoretical journey from bet365 mobile betting to literature？These issues need to be systematically studied。

In addition，The current comprehensive research is mostly from the perspective of the history of Confucian bet365 mobile betting，Strive to sort out the formation of bet365 mobile betting from a diachronic level、The process of evolution，Lack of system refinement、Explaining the principles of formation of bet365 mobile betting、Propagation mechanism、Dimension of interpretation、Knowledge system、Theoretical works on social functions and other issues。In fact，The form of Confucian bet365 mobile betting has been constantly changing throughout history，Only through modern knowledge system、The baptism of discipline paradigm，It is possible to regain vitality。End of Qing Dynasty and beginning of Republic of China，There was a trend of writing theoretical works on Confucian bet365 mobile betting，The appearance of Pi Xirui's "General Theory of Confucian bet365 mobile betting"、Chen Yanjie's "Introduction to bet365 mobile betting" and other representative treatises。But on the one hand, it is difficult for them to escape from the sectarian entanglements between Qing, Han, and Song Dynasties，On the other hand, it is also limited by the academic paradigm of the times，In theory、Systematic shortcomings。

In recent years，Some scholars have proposed that we should learn from the theoretical system of Western classical studies to construct the theoretical framework of Chinese bet365 mobile betting，And made useful attempts。Of course，No matter the type of knowledge、Text form、Style、Method of communication，Still composed of thoughts，There are important differences between Chinese bet365 mobile betting and Western classical studies。Therefore，Should be based on appropriate reference to the Western classical theoretical system，Return to Chinese bet365 mobile betting Literature、Thoughts、The system’s own tradition，Considering the general laws of the evolution of world civilization，Also pay attention to the uniqueness of the development of Chinese civilization。Only find a reasonable balance between the two，In order to construct a building that truly reflects the formation of Chinese Confucian bet365 mobile betting、The theoretical system of Confucian bet365 mobile betting on the evolution process and the value of civilization history，Opening the door for contemporary people, including Western readers, to understand Chinese bet365 mobile betting。

(The author is a permanent associate professor bet365 mobile betting Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Peking University、Deputy Director)