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Research Field: History of Literature、Comparison literature、Literature and Ethics、Urban Cultural Research;

Representative works: "Non -Border Text: Literature and Globalization", etc.。

The diversification of the world

People seem to be commonplace to use the two -point method to define a certain area、Country or local。The same two pole logic also appeared in other contexts: colonies and motherland、West and other countries、Local and global、Communism and capitalism、Center and peripheral。Although the two -point method has its absoluteness，But in different cases，Various definitions of the actual center，The position of the center is always relative and unstable，and the periphery is the same。That is to say，Bolt theory has always been，and still the cause of competition or even conflict around the "real" center position。

Although this polarized discourse strategy may be useful in terms of ideology，But today，This kind of discourse strategy has completely defined the politics of "center and peripherals"、Cultural and economic reality is disconnected。The complexity of the modern world，completely overturned such a hypothesis，In a globalized world，A variety of activities in any country have only one center。First，The basic misunderstanding of the viewing of the two pole opposition is，Assume that the center is mainly space and static。As I will show in the following，Although the spatial and predictability of the local and global relations still play an important role，But in the 21st century，This assumption can no longer stand at all。But，As the Indian American sociologist Aljun Apadle emphasized，An prominent feature of this internal and external relationship is what he calls "flow"，instead of space entity -capital、Personnel、Information、"flow" of goods and resources, etc.。These flows do not necessarily have the same global center，Their prominent feature is basic liquidity，instead of stability。So，The same important and Bet365 lotto review interdependent global capital flow and natural resources flow，There is no same center。

In order to further explain this，I want to briefly review the early Middle Ages (divide according to the European period，It has been roughly overlapped with the Tang and Song dynasties of China)，Globalization development process characterized by regional importance。After the death of the Western Roman Empire around 500 AD，Europe began to germinate the ambitions of global expansion and rule。Before the emergence of this geopolitical situation，The primary goal of countries in the world is the extensive region of rule instead of global。China has built the Great Wall，And the Roman Empire was only expanded within the so -called boundary range at the time。

Global development process can be simply described as: a series of increasingly complex global flow，and the early dominant flow will be included in the subsequent flow -the flow here refers to the item called Apadulai、Global circulation of thought and network power，The center is constantly changing，and often involve multiple centers。

The first stage，From 800 to 1500 AD，Ideological flow of ideas and belief systems appeared，The Roman Catholic Church took the lead in putting forward the goal of actively spreading its doctrines worldwide，The Bible is said to spread its teachings to all people。In the next few hundred years，Islam and subsequent Christianity are set up by national power institutions，and attached to the state power agency，"Crusades East Expedition" and "Holy Battle" have made large -scale competitive expansion。

The second stage，From about 1500 to 1800，Due to the influence of colonization，Items appeared、Personnel、Geographical flow of materials and resources。Through this flow，Europe has achieved global expansion，and its early days in Asia、The colonization of Africa and Latin America is regional。Globalization of this stage has regional characteristics，But colonization also involves ideological flow that spread Christianity and Islam (to a small degree) to all parts of the world。

third stage，From around 1800 to Second World War，Industrial flow appears，The main feature of globalization is that we work hard to Bet365 lotto review obtain global resources and markets，and promoted by technological innovation。This stage and geographical colonization later development、The rise of capitalism and the flow of its currency and financial instruments。other，The globalization of this stage also transforms the flow of religious ideology into a flow of political ideology，The most remarkable is liberal and communism。Last，Geographical flow centers at this stage have changed，The Middle East with rich oil resources becomes a new center (but not the only)，This process is largely included in the current globalization process or the fourth global wave。Although the first two global waves are largely dominated by Europe，But the United States、Japan and the Soviet Union are active promoters of the third wave of globalization。

Fourth stage，From 1945 to the present，The spread of the network appears -in the broad sense refers to the transmission from information transmission to travel and trade -marks a new stage of globalization，Its main features are: (1) New technology，In particular, digital technology has a decisive role in reinstalizing the production process of global supply chain industry; (2) Digitalization of trade channel logistics; (3) the financial process also realizes digitalization; (4) Global media communication information、Thought and scientific research innovation achievement。The significant impact of the latest stage of this globalization is，in production、Trade、Innovation、Financial and cultural exchanges，The importance of geographical location and territorial control is not as good as cross -border network。It is at this stage，China has begun to play an important role in multi -pole world characterized by various parallel flows。

Back to the topic of this meeting，Very obvious，The latest development of globalization has re -defined China and the world。The world today is a complex composed of interactive flow and network，The center of these flows is constantly changing，and China has also become some flow centers，Especially industry and technology flow。In this historical juncture，A country regardless of size，Actively enter and Bet365 app download guide flow，No longer the area that needs to be followed，but its multi -level innovation ability。Like my own country -Denmark with a population of less than 6 million，and a big country like China，The huge achievements they have achieved，To a large extent, thanks to their continuous enhanced capabilities in the following aspects: under the increasingly diverse national economic context，Continuously promoting production、Trade、Finance、Politics、Technology、Infrastructure、flow in the field of education and research，This also reflects that they actively participate in the latest development of globalization。These countries have learned how to live in a flowing multi -pole world，benefit from it and affect it。

This development may also lead to a new type of conflict that leads to war。This conflict stems from non -diverse economy countries that have territorial claims and mainly depend on local natural resources，The tension relationship between other countries that have gained leap in various countries that have been called with me。

I think I can say that，The last large -scale regional war was the Second World War，The huge material destruction caused by this war，It hinders the possibility of rebuilding a global flowing world when peaceful negotiations in 1946。Reconstruction of the global flowing world，It is not mainly implemented through territorial expansion or control，Instead, to enhance the current four basic global flow (industry、Finance、Technology and Communication) to achieve the ability to achieve，But all these flows are destroyed by the war -driven war driven by territorial or space expansion。The "Belt and Road" initiative proposed by China，It aims to strengthen its industry in the world、Finance、Technology and communication effects，But the premise of implementing this initiative is，From Asia to Europe, countries along the "Belt and Road" will not occur in the country of territorial war。China's development strategy is the four basic flows mentioned above，And these four basic flows will have an important impact on the development of various countries。

　　Diversity of China

China actively participates bet365 best casino games in the diversified industry of the polar world、Finance、Technology and communication flow，This in turn affects the diversification and change of China。Current，People's understanding of this influence is continuously deepened。Now，Fruit hawkers from all over China (not only young hawkers)，Use mobile phone WeChat QR code to collect money。Tencent QQ、The functions of Weibo and other platforms can be used normally as similar platforms in other parts of the world，The international version of Douyin TIKTOK has been widely used around the world -young people can also use virtual special networks to visit various international platforms。China's new electronic product、Fashionable or entertainment TV or Internet plug -in design is also the same as all over the world。More importantly，A perfect cable in China、Infrastructure such as highways and railways，improvement of the economic situation of most people，enable them to swim in all parts of China。

Even in ancient China，Local language、Minority nation、Customs、Climate belt, etc. is also highly diversified，Most of them are now protected as intangible cultural heritage。Now，Due to domestic tourism and media reports，Diversity no longer "exists in" different places，All Chinese citizens can feel the diversification of varying degrees through their own eyes，Diversity of ancient Chinese sites and customs，Especially the recent rapid changes。Now，Students can study and work across the country，and young people can stay away from parents、Hometown of my hometown is a family business outside，More and more people have conditions to travel around the world。In other words，All the flow of China participating in the polymer world，Not only reflected in the diversity and change of domestic，It is also reflected in the continuous deepening of people's understanding of the world in China。

This situation proposed a series of challenges。As a foreigner，Because I have a short time working and living in China，I only emphasize that in my opinion, the three major challenges that will affect China and the world。

1. Education and research

Because the necessary liquidity ability is a prerequisite to participate Bet365 lotto review in the multi -pole world，This requires China to need high -level skills based on the latest education and research to train citizens。But，Only skills are not enough: Education must promote innovation、Creation and personal independence。

2. Population structure

China began to recognize that the population imbalance between generations will lead to the problem of population aging。At the same time，Due to attractive jobs and opportunities for school，The rapid development of the city，Especially East China (Shanghai is the most prominent globalized modern city in China)，Another population structure challenge appeared -the imbalance between cities with concentrated flow capacity and non -urban environment。To give full play to the potential of all its population，China needs to solve the problem of imbalance between ages and regions。

3. Infrastructure

Material infrastructure in modern China is admirable -highway、Airport、Train、Urban underground space、Digital network, etc.，But now urgently needs to develop new infrastructure。This includes development energy infrastructure to promote the use of renewable energy，At the same time, we should also ensure the long -term sustainability of material infrastructure。other，To solve the problem of imbalance of population structure，China also needs to establish infrastructure facilities such as Japanese care or nursing home，Provide young families with attractive and affordable services。

Finally, I want to use the "bridge" as a metaphor。Bridge is an ancient image of China，It means that individuals or society can cross the gap。Thinking of China's "transition" in the globalization world，I can't help but have two wonderful bridges in my eyes。One of them is a modern Sutong Yangtze River Highway Bridge built near Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province in 2008; the other is located in the ancient city of Phoenix in Hunan Province，Since the Ming Dynasty, Hongqiao has been across the Minjiang River。I think，The first bridge symbolizes China to the industry、Finance、The transition of the global world of technology and communication flow; the second bridge symbolizes the transition from the traditional Chinese peace bet365 best casino games and diversification to modern China。Lao Hongqiao represents the long tradition of high -level skills，and Xinhong Bridge -an international airport in Shanghai (and many other locations of the same name) also named it -will be new and old、China is united with the world。

Maybe this bridge can be used as a symbol of the relationship between China and the world，It perfectly meets the harmony principles mentioned in ancient China，In the background of complex diversity，Keep harmony between the opposite factors。I hope it can become the guidance principle between the relationship between the relationship between the difference between the internal differences and diversified multi -world differences in China。