According to existing materials，Liu An's "Li Sao Chuan" during the Emperor Hanwu、Sima Qianxiu "Qu Yuan Biography" before，Only 3 works clearly mentioned Qu Yuan，、Dong Zhongshu's "Shi Never Encouction" and Zhuang Ji "Mourning Destiny"。There are two dimensions in the writing of Qu Yuan in the early Han Dynasty: First, the "Qu Yuan Biography" established the image of Qu Yuan at the historical level，This is the first -hand historical material about Qu Yuan's natural deeds.，This image is not from Jia Yi's fiction and imagination，Instead of memory based on mouth and ears in a certain geographical range，That is, Wang Yi called "Chu people's high righteousness，Wei's literary talent，Chuan Ying Biography "(" Chu Ci Chapter Sentences ")。Read the above text，It can reveal the evolution trajectory of Qu Yuan and the early circulation of "Li Sao"，presents the delicate and vivid literary history picture。

　　Bet365 lotto review

Emperor Hanwen's former Yuan two to three years (before 178-177)，Jia Yi encountered setbacks，Going to Changsha Ren Difang's Prince Wang Fu。Although he refers to this trip as "Joint inheritance Jiahui"，But the heart is quite painful。He created "Hanging Qu Yuan Fu" when he passed Xiangshui，and clarify the material of the creation of the creation comes from the "side hearing Qu Yuan，Since Shen Luoluo "(quotation based on the" Historical Records "published by the Chinese Book Bureau，Same below)。Jia Yi heard the local Qu Yuan deeds circulating in the area of ​​Xiangshui，It feels that the two interpersonal encounters have this work。This is the earliest record of Qu Yuan and his self -sinking，According to the traditional memory tradition of the Chu people "teaching"，It can also be said to be a historical memory based on specific ethnic groups。

"Historical Records of Xiang Yu Benji" cloud: "Husband Qin Destroy the Six Kingdoms，Chu's most innocent。Entering the Qin Dynasty from the Wangwang will not be opposite，Chu people pity so far。"Of course, the pity of the Chu people is not bet365 Play online games limited to the king of Qin Kingdom，This complex makes Chu Di filled with a strong and compassionate mentality，It also forms a unique recovery ancestor、Don’t forget the original atmosphere。Chu State's sages may become worship、Object of "Chuan Chuan"，In this process, there may also be "arrow stack" characters，Qu Yuan is one of them。His rumors are based on the deep emotional basis of Chu's people，It will inevitably gather the quality of similar characters。The area of ​​Xiangshui is the central area of ​​the rumor of Qu Yuan，and I accidentally entered Jia Yi's text records，Realized conversion from mouth to written，To a certain extent, the rumor is shaped and starts the classic process。to this day，Although there are a lot of archeological excavations，But no one unearthed or literature points to Qu Yuan，The earliest text record about Qu Yuan is still Jiayi's "Hanging Qu Yuan Fu"。

Jia Yi according to hearing，For the first time, the image of Qu Yuan was described in "Hanging Qu Yuan Fu" with literary pen。He wrote: "Being in the world，Naimeng body。Woohoo，。"This is two sentences that have a total significance of Qu Yuan in the whole article，Pointing point in the two keywords of "World" and "Time"，"World" focuses on the world where Qu Yuan is located，"Time" is aimed at Qu Yuan's own experience.。There are many sentences in these two words in "Li Sao"。For example，"The Birds are not group，since of previous lives "," "The world is raised and good friends，husband He He is alone and does not listen to it "" The world is dazzling，The good and evil of Yu Yun Xunyu "" The world is turbid but not distinguished，Good to be beautiful and jealous "" The world is turbid and jealous，Good to be beautiful and called evil "，All refers to the black and white upside down of the world、Xianyu is not divided; and "the clever work of the time and vulgarity" "忳 忳 邑 侘傺，I am very poor at this time "" Zeng Yanyu Yuyi Xi，Improper in the time of Ai ""，There is no change ""，Shi Ying is still unbelievable "，All written Qu Yuan were trapped by the intervals、Not every time。

Jia Yi's writing Qu Yuan image，Cut in from the dimensions of "World" bet365 Play online games and "Time"。In the dimension of "World", he wrote: "，Soaring。阘，谗谀;，Founder Plant。The world means Boyi greedy，It is said to be stolen;，Lead knife is 铦。"In the dimension of" time ", he said:" Yu 嗟嚜 嚜，Born for no reason! Abandon Zhou Dingxi Baokang，Drive the cow, the donkey，骥 耳 耳 耳。Zhang Fu recommends，Gradually for a long time;，Drive from this! "Writing of these two dimensions，You can restore the basic appearance of the Qu Yuan deeds that Jia Yi heard。One aspect，Laid the two dynasties of King Chu Huai and King Xiang of Qu Yuan，Politics faint，Clear turbidity; on the other hand，Compassionous Qu Yuan's Huai Cai does not encounter，Political Holdings cannot be exhibited，The aspirations of empty sorrow，Finally retain the Zhijie in a self -sinking manner。As for Qu Yuan's thoughts，His ideological struggle before he sinks，Attitude to the people of King Chu and the people，and what he did in Chu State, etc.，"Hanging Qu Yuan Fu" none of them。

The image of Qu Yuan in Jia Yi's pen，Vaguely revealed a fact that has been ignored for a long time，Rumors about Qu Yuan are more vague in specific deeds，What passed out is a character image that has been highly moralized and extremely general，Symbolization tendency。But Qu Yuan is a real existence，Not a fictional character，This is not doubt。From the spectrum system of Qu Yuan's image，Qu Yuan in Jia Yi's pen is a full background、Ethical and full of specific deeds。

Sima Qian's "Qu Yuan Biography" records Qu Yuan deeds，But the same is also quite simple，And there are some words unknown or even difficult to understand。Reading with "Hanging Quyuan"，It can be found that there is a corresponding relationship between the writing details of the two。For example，"Biography of Qu Yuan" in the dialogue between fishermen and Qu Yuan: "The fisherman asked and asked:‘ Zi Fei San Du Du?，Everyone is drunk and I wake up alone，is to see it。The fisherman said: ‘husband and saint，It can be moved with the world without condensing things。World turbid，Why not show up with it? Everyone is drunk，Why not let it go? Why does Huaijin hold Yu and let himself be bet365 live casino games released?，The new Mu must play the crown，Baths must have clothes，Who can inspect the body，Wenwen who suffers! Ning to go to Changliu and burial in the middle ear of the river fish belly，And can use the vulgarity of the world with the white white! ‘” This dialogue is very close to that Jia Yi and Qu Yuan surpassing time and space in "Hanging Qu Yuan Fu" are quite close to，It's just that the "fisherman" replaces Jia Yi。Jia Yi wrote "the god of the sage of the nobles，Far turbidity and self -Tibet "，That is the fisherman "husband and saint，It means that it can be moved with the world without condensing things ";，Why also conceive this "，The meaning of "why Huai Jin holds Yu and sees it for" with the fisherman also looks like。Visible，Simaqian quoted the Biography of the History of "Hanging Qu Yuan Fu"，is to add evidence to the weak Qu Yuan biography，It is intended to try to integrate the two different natures of writing into the history of the history of the history。

Did Jia Yi read "Li Sao"? "Historical Records" This is based on the book "Book of Baijia of the Sons"，"Han Book" This biography also said that he "the book of the family"，People who belong to the strong knowledge。But he wrote Qu Yuan because of "side hearing Qu Yuan"，Reflect that Chu's rumors about Qu Yuan are not in the knowledge spectrum before Jia Yi，belongs to "new life" knowledge。"Hanging Qu Yuan Fu" uses "Xi" words，At the end of the article, there is also "Xunye", which is similar to the expression of "Lisao" in "Li Sao"，Based on this may be inferred，During the Xiangshui, Jia Yi might contact Qu Yuan's works including "Li Sao"，But this inference still lacks practical internal certificates。Attachment is a mention of，Although there are no materials, you can directly confirm that Jia Yi read Qu Yuan's works，But the "New Knowledge" he got on the way to Changsha，It does have a new influence on his creation，The creative features of the fusion of the northern Fu (represented by Xun Qingfu) and Qu Fu (Han Dynasty people call Qu Yuan's works "Qu Yuan Fu")。The specific performance is，The first half of the "Hanging Quantu" has the characteristics of the northern Fu，The second half is affected by the flexion。

　　The characters are also known as the details of "Li Sao" in the early days

Different from Jia Yi，Dong Zhongshu and Zhuang Ji not only write Qu Yuan，I also read "Li Sao"。Let's talk about Dong Zhongshu first，He is the second person who writes Qu Yuan after Jia Yi，The "Shi Never Encouction" by the "Bian Diffeng" was suspected to be a pseudo -work，But according to the sentence of "Shenglonglong of the Three Generations of Shengbai Ding"，and the experience of his admission contained in History Biography，It can be presumed that this is his early work。The whole article shows the author's desire to build his merit and unwaver.，Even a little complaining emotions。About Qu Yuan，Dong Zhongshu wrote: "卞 卞，Uncle Boyi Qi climbing and picking Wei。Make the other sages，矧 矧。Ruo Wu and Qu Yuan，Gu Yue without taking care。"" meaning、Nuoguang、Sages like Boyi and Uncle Qi，Born in the reign of the monarch of the virtue，Changing Wu Zixu and Qu Yuan will also be the same destiny，Moreover, the two are still living in the turbid world。

Dong Zhongshu's Qu Yuan image writing is the most simple，But one of the details is worth noting，That is, he will be called Qu Yuan and Wu Zixu for the first time。This is not a lonely example，Zhuang Ji "Mourning Destiny" says "Zi Xun died and became righteous，Qu Yuan sinks to Lo Luo "，Liu An's "Li Sao Biography" interpreted the "Five Sons" in the "Five Sons" as "Wu Zizhen" (see Ban Gu "Li Sao Preface")。This description，Phenomenon that has been called Qu Yuan and Wu Zixu during a period of time，Because both are Chu people，Fate is also similar，Follow the atmosphere and complex of the Chu people to recover the ancestors。In turn,，Dong Zhongshu、Zhuang Bo said that the two were called the two，I also think that the "Five Son of Li Sao" in "Li Sao" talked about Wu Zizhen，This can be concluded that the two have read "Li Sao"。

The above details reveal three facts。First，"Li Sao" began to be known，Not in the era of Jia Yi (the early years of Emperor Hanwen)，Instead, Dong Zhongshu created "Scholars Do not encounter Fu"。Combined with "Mourning Destiny"，It can be speculated that Emperor Hanwen、"Li Sao" in the Emperor Han Jing started to be popular，Bet365 lotto review But this is not to say that "Li Sao" was made by people in this period。Second，Rumors about Qu Yuan extended from Xiangshui to other regions，In the process of circulating, I used the influence of Wu Zizhen's deeds，This expanded the geographical range of Qu Yuan's rumors，Dong Zhongshu, who is even in Jizhou, north, also knows this rumor。third，The author of "Li Sao" is Qu Yuan，His "Li Sao" writing Wu Zixu，It is easier to make future generations establish the correlation between the starting Zizi and Qu Yuan。

Zhuang Ji is the third person who writes Qu Yuan。There is evidence that he has read "Li Sao"，"The World and the Friendship" in "Mourning Destiny"，It is also seen in "Li Sao";，"Li Sao" has the sentence "Follow the rope and not quite"，The only difference between the two。other，"Mourning Destiny" and "Li Sao" are quite a part of the writing details are corresponding。For example，"Mourning Destiny" "Sorrow is not as good as the ancients，When the husband He Yu is born, "，Corresponding to "Li Sao" "Zeng Xunyu Yuyi Yi，Improper in the sorrow ";，You can conspire with deep conspiracy "，Corresponding to "Li Sao", "My Ling 鸩 鸩 鸩，鸩 鸩 is not good ";，Old Ran Ran caught it "，Corresponding "Li Sao" "Lao Ran Ran is coming，Fear of fame and not standing ";，I don't know how to advance and retreat "，Corresponding to "Li Sao" "hesitant and suspicious，I want to be comfortable and not ";，Swords out and from horizontal "，Corresponding to "Li Sao" "Gao Yu's crown，Long Yu Pei Zhi Li "; etc.。Zhu Yuan's image written by Zhuang Joshu is quite delicate，It can be seen that he is quite familiar with "Li Sao"。"Mourning Destiny" can be described as "Li Sao" as the re -creation of the blueprint，It also provides text evidence for the early circulation details of "Li Sao"。

"Mourning Destiny" has a sentence "Emoticon and Poetry"，It is quite appropriate to summarize the creative characteristics of "Li Sao"，It means that Qu Yuan choose to express personal emotions in a poem in a poem in a unique time in chaos。Wang Yi also said: "Zhou's room declines micro，The Warring States Period is competing，Ethical Tombs late，or Mingshi，So Yang Mo Zou Meng Sun Han's disciple，Bet365 lotto review Oknamed，or Mingshi，or Ancient，or Mingshi。Qu Yuan Luzhong was 谮，Sadness and sorrow，"Li Sao" based on the righteousness of the poet。"(" Chu Ci Chapter Sentences ") This is the unique literary charm of" Li Sao "，It and the Book of Songs constitute the traditional poetry tradition of Chinese literature，The representatives of the two literary traditions of lyrics and words lyric。

To sum up，The evolution trajectory of the image writing of the Early Han Dynasty is closely linked to the early circulation scene of "Li Sao"。Jia Yi confirmed the real existence of Qu Yuan with literary pen，The fact that Qu Yuan gets inherited in historical memory。"Li Sao" is popular than the spread of Qu Yuan rumors，This may be related to China's early personal creation.。After the original deeds have risen from regional rumors to public knowledge，His works have also received widespread attention。All of these are later，Liu An made a transmission of "Li Sao" and even Sima Qian's transmission of Qu Yuan.。

　(Author Unit: Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)