Based on existing materials，Liu An wrote "The Legend of Li Sao" during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty、Before Sima Qian revised "The Biography of bet365 withdrawal"，Only 3 works explicitly mention bet365 withdrawal，That is, Jia Yi's "Ode in Tribute to bet365 withdrawal"、Dong Zhongshu's "Ode to Not Encountering Scholars" and Zhuang Ji's "Sorrow for Time"。There are two dimensions in the writing of bet365 withdrawal's image in the early Han Dynasty: First, "The Biography of bet365 withdrawal" established the image of bet365 withdrawal at the historical biography level，This is the first-hand historical material about bet365 withdrawal’s life and deeds that can be accepted；Second, "Ode in Tribute to bet365 withdrawal" established the image of bet365 withdrawal in literature for the first time，This image is not from Jia Yi’s own fiction and imagination，But it is based on the memory passed down by word of mouth within a certain geographical range，That’s what Wang Yi calls “Chu people value their deeds and righteousness，Wei Qi’s literary talent，To teach each other" ("Chu Ci Chapters and Sentences")。By reading the above text，It can reveal the evolution of bet365 withdrawal's image and the early spread of "Li Sao"，Presents a delicate and vivid picture of literary history。

　　Two written texts show the evolution of bet365 withdrawal’s image

Emperor Hanwen from the 2nd to 3rd year of the Yuan Dynasty (178-177 BC)，Jia Yi encounters setbacks，Go to Changsha to serve as princes and princes with different surnames。Although he called this trip "shared prosperity"，But it’s quite painful inside。He composed "Ode to bet365 withdrawal" while passing through the Xiang River，And clearly stated that the creative materials came from "I heard about bet365 withdrawal Xi"，Self-sunken in Miluo" (the quotation is based on the revised version of "Historical Records" published by Zhonghua Book Company，The same below)。Jia Yi heard the local stories of bet365 withdrawal’s deeds in the Xiangshui area，I felt that the two people’s circumstances matched each other and I felt that I should do this。This is the earliest record mentioning bet365 withdrawal and his suicide in Miluo，Based on the Chu people's "teaching" memory tradition，It can also be said to be a historical memory based on the inheritance of a specific ethnic group。

"Historical Records of Xiang Yu" says: "Hu Qin destroyed the six countries，Chu is the most innocent。Since the king entered Qin, he will not rebel，Chu people pity him to this day。"Of course the people the Chu people pity are not limited to King Huai who died in Qin State，This complex fills the Chu land with a strong sense of compassion，It also forms a unique way of remembering ancestors、Don’t forget the original custom。All the sages of Chu may become worshiped、The object of “teaching”，In this process, "arrow stack" characters may also appear，bet365 withdrawal is one of them。His rumors are based on the Chu survivors’ deep feelings for him，It also inevitably brings together the qualities of similar characters。The Xiangshui area is the central area where bet365 withdrawal is rumored to have "taught his teachings"，And it accidentally entered Jia Yi’s written records，Realized the transition from oral transmission to written transmission，To a certain extent, this rumor has been finalized and started the canonization process。Today，Despite extensive archaeological excavations，But no unearthed objects or documents were found pointing to bet365 withdrawal，The earliest written record about bet365 withdrawal is still none other than Jia Yi's "Ode in Tribute to bet365 withdrawal"。

Jia Yi based on what he heard，For the first time, the image of bet365 withdrawal was portrayed in a literary style in "Ode to bet365 withdrawal"。He wrote: "It's a shame to be in this world，It’s the fallen body。Alas，Ominous times。"These are the two sentences with summary significance for bet365 withdrawal in the whole article，Focus on the two keywords "shi" and "shi"，“世” focuses on the world in which bet365 withdrawal lived，"Shi" refers to bet365 withdrawal's own experience, that is, he was born at the wrong time。There are many sentences using these two words in "Li Sao"。For example，"The beloved bird is not in flocks，Since the past life, it is natural" "We have been good friends in the past life"，How can I be alone and not listen?”，Who knows what is good and what is evil?" "The world is so confusing that we cannot distinguish it，I like to cover up the beauty but I am jealous of it” “The world is turbulent and I am jealous of the virtuous”，Love to conceal beauty and call evil”，Both refer to the inversion of black and white in the world、There is no distinction between good and foolish；And "the craftsmanship of consolidating the current customs is clever" and "the depressed city is full of chaos"，I am alone and poor now.”，Sorry, I am not at the right time." "I am following the current customs，How can there be no change?" "And the years are yet to come.，It’s still early days”，Both wrote that bet365 withdrawal was trapped by circumstances、Untimely。

Jia Yi writes the image of bet365 withdrawal，From the two dimensions of "world" and "time"。In the dimension of "the world", he wrote: "The Luan and the Phoenix are flying around here，Owl soaring。The Rong Zun appears，Flattery succeeds；The wise and sage is dragging backwards，Founder upside down planting。The world calls Boyi greedy，Calling Robber Zhilian；Mo Xie Wei Dun Xi，The lead knife is a spear。"In the dimension of "time", he said: "Yu嗟嚜嚜西，Life without a reason！Abandon Zhou Ding Xi Baokang Hu，The ox is riding high and the donkey is riding;，I have drooped ears and am wearing a salt truck。Zhang Fu recommends you，It won’t last long；Mr. Suffering，Leave this blame alone！”Writing in these two dimensions，It can restore the basic appearance of bet365 withdrawal’s deeds that Jia Yi heard。On the one hand，Lament the two dynasties of King Huai of Chu and King of Qingxiang where bet365 withdrawal lived，Political fatuousness，No distinction between clear and turbid；On the other hand，Pity for bet365 withdrawal’s unrecognized talent，Political ambitions cannot be realized，The spare ambition of sadness，Finally, keep the integrity by sinking yourself。As for bet365 withdrawal’s thoughts and feelings，His ideological struggle before committing suicide，Attitude towards the King of Chu and those who flatter him，And what he did in Chu State, etc.，"Ode to bet365 withdrawal" was not written yet。

The image of bet365 withdrawal in Jia Yi’s works，Vaguely revealing a fact that has been ignored for a long time，That is, the rumors about bet365 withdrawal are relatively vague in terms of specific deeds，What is conveyed is a highly moralized and extremely general character image，With a tendency to symbolize。But bet365 withdrawal is real，Not a fictional character，There is no doubt about this。From the perspective of the pedigree of bet365 withdrawal’s image，bet365 withdrawal in Jia Yi’s works is a man with a substantial background、An image with rich morals but rather vague specific deeds。

Sima Qian’s "The Biography of bet365 withdrawal" records bet365 withdrawal’s deeds，But also quite simple，And there are some things that are unclear or even difficult to understand。Read it in conjunction with "Fu on Diao bet365 withdrawal"，It can be found that there is a correspondence between the writing details of the two。For example，The conversation between the fisherman and bet365 withdrawal in "The Biography of bet365 withdrawal": "When the fisherman saw it, he asked: 'The son is not a Sanlu official'？Why are we here？'bet365 withdrawal said: 'The whole world is muddy but I am alone in the clear'，Everyone is drunk but I am sober，This is how to let go。’The fisherman said: ‘I am a saint’，Not stuck in things but able to move with the world。The whole world is turbid，Why not go with the flow？Everyone is drunk，Why not eat the bad and sip the bad？Why does Huai Jin hold Yu and let him see it?？’bet365 withdrawal said: ‘I heard it，New bathers must play the crown，New bathers must shake their clothes，Who can observe with one’s own body，Those who receive the kindness of things！I would rather go to Changliu and bury the middle ear in the belly of a river fish，How can you be able to use the whiteness of the sun to avoid the warmth of the world！’”This dialogue is very close to the dialogue between Jia Yi and bet365 withdrawal that transcends time and space in "Ode to bet365 withdrawal"，Just replaced Jia Yi with the title of "Fisherman"。Written by Jia Yi "The Divine Virtues of the Respected Saints"，Hide away from the troubled world"，That is, the fisherman "husband saint"，It means not being stuck in things but being able to move with the world"；Written "Looking at Jiuzhou and looking at you，Why bother with this city”，It is similar to the meaning of "Why does the fisherman hold the jade in his arms and let him see it?"。Visible，Sima Qian cited "Ode to Diao bet365 withdrawal" in his biography，To add evidence to the weak biography of bet365 withdrawal，Intended to try to integrate two different writing styles into the historical narrative。

Has Jia Yi read "Li Sao"？The original biography of "Historical Records" calls him "well versed in the books of various schools of thought"，The original biography of "Hanshu" also says that he is "well versed in the books of various schools of thought"，Belong to people who are knowledgeable and knowledgeable。But he wrote about bet365 withdrawal because he had "heard about bet365 withdrawal"，Reflects that the rumors about bet365 withdrawal in Chu are not in Jia Yi’s previous knowledge pedigree，Belongs to "new" knowledge。The "Ode to Diao bet365 withdrawal" uses the word "xi" pattern，At the end of the chapter, there is also "Xun Yue" which is similar to "Luan Yue" in "Li Sao"，It may be inferred from this，While in Xiangshui, Jia Yi may have come into contact with bet365 withdrawal's works including "Li Sao"，However, this inference still lacks practical internal evidence。Incidentally，Although there is no material to directly prove that Jia Yi read bet365 withdrawal’s works，But the "new knowledge" he acquired on the way to Changsha，It did have a revolutionary influence on his creation，Formed a creative feature that integrates Northern Fu (represented by Xun Qing Fu) and Qu Fu (people in the Han Dynasty called bet365 withdrawal's works "bet365 withdrawal Fu")。The specific performance is，The first half of "Die bet365 withdrawal Fu" has the characteristics of Northern Fu，The second half is affected by Qufu。

　　The details of the combination of characters reflect the early spread of "bet365 withdrawal"

Different from Jia Yi，Dong Zhongshu and Zhuang Ji not only wrote about bet365 withdrawal，Also read "Li Sao"。Let’s talk about Dong Zhongshu first，He is the second person to write about bet365 withdrawal after Jia Yi，The work "Shibuyu Fu" was once suspected to be a forgery，But according to the sentence in the poem "The prosperity of three generations is different"，And his official experience as recorded in historical biographies，It can be inferred that this is an early work of his。The whole article expresses the author’s depression of longing to make achievements but not being able to do so，Even a little bit dissatisfied。About bet365 withdrawal，Dong Zhongshu wrote: "Bian Suiwu Guang fled into the abyss，Boyi Shuqi climbed the mountain to pick weeds。Let the sages and sages escape from their surroundings，The whole world is obsessed with it。Ruo Wu Yuan and bet365 withdrawal Xi，There is no need to look back。”means Bian Sui、Wuguang、Sages like Boyi and Shuqi，The fashion of a virtuous king who is born and reigns is nothing more than this，Wu Zixu and bet365 withdrawal would have had the same fate，Besides, the two of them are still living in a chaotic world。

Dong Zhongshu’s image of bet365 withdrawal is the simplest，But there is one detail worth noting，That is, he called bet365 withdrawal and Wu Zixu together for the first time。This is not an isolated case，Zhuang Ji's "Sorrow for the Ming Dynasty" said that "Zixu died and became righteous"，bet365 withdrawal sank in Miluo"，Liu An's "Li Sao Biography" interprets the "Five Sons" in "Five Sons Lost Their Family" as "Wu Zixu" (see Ban Gu's "Preface to Lisao")。This explains，There was a phenomenon of referring to bet365 withdrawal and Wu Zixu together for a period of time，Because both of them are from Chu，The fate is also similar，In line with Chu people’s customs and sentiments of commemorating their ancestors。In other words，Dong Zhongshu、The reason why Zhuang Ji calls the two together，I also think that the "Five Sons Lost Their Family Lane" in "Li Sao" is about Wu Zixu，This can be concluded that the two of them have read "Li Sao"。

The above details reveal three facts。First，"Li Sao" begins to be known，Not in Jia Yi’s era (the early years of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty)，It’s before and after Dong Zhongshu wrote "The Fu of Scholars Not Encountered"。Combined with "Sad Times"，It can be inferred that Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty、Li Sao became popular during the period of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty，But this does not mean that "Li Sao" was written by people of that period。Second，Rumors about bet365 withdrawal extend from the Xiangshui area to other areas，In the process of spreading, it used the influence of Wu Zixu’s deeds，This expands the geographical scope of bet365 withdrawal’s rumors，Even Dong Zhongshu in Jizhou in the north knew this rumor。Third，The author of "Li Sao" is bet365 withdrawal，His "Li Sao" describes the events of Wu Zixu，It is easier for future generations to establish the connection between Wu Zixu and bet365 withdrawal。

Zhuang Ji was the third person to write about bet365 withdrawal。There is evidence that he read "Li Sao"，The sentence "We all live together and become good friends" in "Sorrow for Time and Fate"，Also seen in "Li Sao"；"The sentence of "walking on the rope but not quite"，There is a sentence in "Li Sao" that "follows the rope but does not make mistakes"，There is only one word difference between the two。In addition，A considerable part of the writing details of "Sorrow for Time" and "Li Sao" correspond to each other。For example，"The Mourning Time and Mate" "The Mourning Time and Ming Dynasty are not as good as those of the ancients，How can I be born in a time when I will never escape?”，Corresponds to "Zeng Xiaojue Yu Yuyixi" in "Li Sao"，I’m sorry for the untimely timing”；"My heart is depressed but I have nothing to say，Who can make deep plans”，Corresponds to "I made the poisonous person act as a matchmaker" in "Li Sao"，It’s not good to accuse me”；"I feel sad and tired，Caught by Lao Ranran”，Corresponds to "Lao Ranran is coming in "Li Sao"，Afraid that the reputation will not be established”；“My body cannot tolerate the troubled times，I don’t know whether to advance or retreat”，Corresponding to "Li Sao" "The heart is hesitant and suspicious，I want to adapt but can’t”；"The crown is Cui Wei and the clouds are falling，The sword is separated from the horizontal line"，Corresponds to "Gao Yuguan's precarious situation" in "Li Sao"，Chang Yu Pei’s Lu Li”；Wait。The image of bet365 withdrawal written by Zhuang Ji is quite delicate，It can be seen from this that he is quite familiar with "Li Sao"。"Sorrow for Time" can be said to be a re-creation based on "Li Sao"，It also provides textual evidence for peeking into the details of the early circulation of "Li Sao"。

There is a sentence in "Sorrow for Time and Mate" that "expresses feelings and belongs to poetry"，It is quite appropriate to summarize the creative characteristics of "Li Sao"，It means that bet365 withdrawal uniquely chose to express his personal emotions in the form of poetry during the era of chaos。Wang Yi also said: "The decline of the Zhou Dynasty，Warring States Period，Moral Lingchi，The emergence of deceit，So Yang Mo, Zou, Meng, Sun and Han were followers，Everyone knows what he knows，Biography，Or tell the story of the past，Or in the Ming Dynasty。And bet365 withdrawal was accused of being loyal，Sad thoughts，Written "Li Sao" based solely on the poet's meaning。” ("Chu Ci Chapters") This is the unique literary charm of "Li Sao"，It and the Book of Songs constitute the poetic tradition of Chinese literature，Becomes representatives of the two literary traditions of lyricism and ambition respectively。

In summary，The evolution of bet365 withdrawal's image writing in the early Han Dynasty is closely connected with the early spread of "Li Sao"。Jia Yi confirmed the true existence of bet365 withdrawal in a literary style，Confirms the fact that bet365 withdrawal has been passed down in historical memory。The popularity of "Li Sao" was later than the spread of rumors about bet365 withdrawal，This may be related to the fact that China’s early personal creations did not pay attention to the right of authorship。After bet365 withdrawal’s deeds are elevated from regional rumors to public knowledge，His works also received widespread attention。After all these are available，It became a matter of course that Liu An wrote a biography of "Li Sao" and even Sima Qian wrote a biography of bet365 withdrawal。

　(Author’s unit: Institute of Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)