Sun Jimin is a famous expert on ancient Chinese history，The research involves the history of Sui and Tang Dynasties、Dunhuang Turpan bet365 free bets、Blackwater City bet365 free bets、Official bet365 free bets of ancient books on paper backs、Stone inscriptions、Taihang Mountain bet365 free bets and Zhao Culture during the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties、Local history and many other fields，Remarkable achievements have been made in the research of ancient Chinese bet365 free bets。He focuses on ancient bet365 free bets，After making important breakthroughs in the field of Dunhuang and Turpan document research，Creatively applied its collation and research methods to other fields of ancient document research，Great influence in the academic world。

　Inheriting and innovating Dunhuang and Turpan studies

Due to the lack of handed down materials，It is difficult to advance academic research on the military system of the Tang Dynasty。But with the large number of military bet365 free bets unearthed in Dunhuang and Turpan in modern times，This situation has greatly improved。Sun Jimin is in this context，It takes more than ten years，Started a systematic discussion on these military bet365 free bets，In the military system of Tang Dynasty、A breakthrough was made in the research on military system，His books such as "Study on the Marching System of the Tang Dynasty" and "A Preliminary Study of the Tang Dynasty Military bet365 free bets from Dunhuang and Turpan" are representative works。On the road of academic study，On the one hand，He inherited and developed Chen Yinke、The historical research method of "seeing the big from the small" advocated by Tang Changru and other senior scholars，Using the nearly fragmented Dunhuang and Turpan bet365 free bets，Extract a general historical understanding from it。Zhang Guogang said that he is "good at abstractly summarizing some specific historical phenomena into general institutional content"。As in the book "Research on the Marching System of the Tang Dynasty"，Sun Jimin based on the "Wu Zhou Military Office's Order of the Ten Packs of Horses Marching Troops" from the Wu Zhou Period unearthed from Astana Tomb No. 125 and the three Xizhou Camps from the Kaiyuan Period unearthed from Astana Tomb No. 108. bet365 free bets and other related records，Revealing the three principles of the Tang Dynasty’s military recruitment system that are not found in historical records，That is, "the non-organic principle of recruiting soldiers to the government"；Principles of organization of prefectures incorporated into the march；The principle of minority dispersion of the collection amount”。

On the other hand，He closely integrated the study of philology and history。Everyone knows，Since Wang Guowei proposed the "double evidence method" that uses "new materials on the ground" and "materials on paper" to corroborate each other，This method is mostly praised and used by historians。Sun Jimin was studying Dunhuang and Turpan bet365 free bets，It is not simply a matter of corroborating unearthed bet365 free bets with handed down bet365 free bets，Rather, we are accurately reading relevant bet365 free bets、Recorded text，And its properties、Analyze types, etc.、Based on the judgment，Combined with the historical background provided by handed down bet365 free bets，Then explore the value and significance of bet365 free bets in history。For example, regarding the "Team Accompanying Certificate" document from Tomb No. 222 in Astana，He is analyzing the contents of the document in depth、After nature，Combined with "Tongdian" and other classics，Not only discusses the organizational structure of the "team" in the march of the Tang Dynasty、Team formation and other issues，It also further solved some unresolved questions during the march on the Anxi Road in the third year of Chui Gong (687)，Achieved many achievements in document research and historical research。Leng Guodong commented on this research method and said: "The author has extensively collected military bet365 free bets from Dunhuang and Turpan，Compare with handed down bet365 free bets，Seek its internal connections with a solid historical foundation and keen academic vision，Military in Tang Dynasty、Society、Outline the organic whole of the military system of the Tang Dynasty on the basis of the general political background and detailed microscopic research，Thus achieving new understanding and breakthrough in the compilation of military bet365 free bets and the study of the military system of the Tang Dynasty。”

Sun Jimin’s achievements in the study of Dunhuang and Turpan military bet365 free bets，Laid a solid foundation for his subsequent research on other related bet365 free bets。

　Rename the Blackwater Document Study

After 2000，The focus of Sun Jimin’s research began to shift to Heishui City bet365 free bets。Heishui City bet365 free bets are the successor to oracle bone inscriptions in modern my country、Slips、Another major discovery of archaeological materials after the Dunhuang bet365 free bets，Mainly involving Liao、Song、Xia、Gold、Yuan and other dynasties，In time, it is connected with the Dunhuang and Turpan bet365 free bets from the Wei and Jin Dynasties to the early Song Dynasty。But because the main body of Heishui City bet365 free bets is hidden abroad，It was not until the 1990s that these bet365 free bets were published one after another。Sun Jimin is keenly aware that these bet365 free bets will become new academic growth points，So the research method of collating Dunhuang and Turpan bet365 free bets，Applied to the study of Blackwater City bet365 free bets。The innovation of its research is mainly reflected in the following aspects。

First，Advocating the study of Heishui City bet365 free bets from the perspective of Dunhuang studies。Although Dunhuang bet365 free bets and Heishui City bet365 free bets were both discovered in the late Qing Dynasty，All were looted and shipped abroad，But academic research on them is very different。When "Dunhuang Studies" has become an internationally renowned study，Research on Blackwater City bet365 free bets is progressing slowly，There is a lack of academic style in relevant research、Not deep enough、Phenomena of emphasizing organization and neglecting research。As for Dunhuang academic circles, there are already relatively mature standards for document collation and research，Researchers of Blackwater City bet365 free bets are not familiar with it。Therefore，To promote the development of this type of literature research，It is necessary to establish a set of effective collation and research standards。In this academic context，He proposed to use Dunhuang to study rigor、Detailed document organization and research methods，Complete and research the bet365 free bets of Heishui City。At the same time, he also actively applies this initiative to practical research，Spending more than ten years leading team members，According to Dunhuang scholarly records、Name、Qualitative、Correction note、Detect forgery、Research、Conjugation and other finishing and research methods，Tibet all Russia、Yingzang、Compilation and publication of Chinese bet365 free bets from Heishui City in China (except Russian Buddhist scriptures)。At the same time，The "double evidence" research method that combines philology and history that is effective in the field of Dunhuang and Turpan studies，Used in research on Blackwater City bet365 free bets，Published a series of papers such as "Re-Study of the Western Xia Chinese "Southern Quechang Envoy bet365 free bets""，Improved the overall level of document collection and research in Heishui City。

Secondly，Name the study of Heishui City bet365 free bets as "Black City Studies"。As the research on Blackwater City bet365 free bets continues to advance，It naturally involves the subject positioning of this batch of bet365 free bets and the future development of research。Because this batch of bet365 free bets is mainly in Xixia language，This gave rise to a discipline "Xi Xia Studies" named after the "Xi Xia" dynasty，So much so that for a long time, academic circles have often referred to the study of Heishui City bet365 free bets as "Xixia studies"，“Xi Xia Studies” has become a specialized discipline formed around the study of Heishui City bet365 free bets。But "Xi Xia Studies" should be a specialized knowledge formed around the study of Xi Xia bet365 free bets and the Xi Xia Dynasty，Heishui City bet365 free bets except Xixia bet365 free bets，Also involving Liao、Song、Gold、pseudo-equal、Yuan (including Northern Yuan)，Even Tang and Qing Dynasty bet365 free bets。Not all texts used in the bet365 free bets are in Xixia，Also in Chinese、Mongolian、Tibetan、Uighur and other languages。The largest number of Chinese bet365 free bets are those from the Yuan Dynasty，More than 4,000 items。The name "Xixia Studies" makes few scholars outside "Xixia Studies" enter the field of literature research in Heishui City，Resulting in the lack of multidisciplinarity in this field、Extensive participation of researchers from multiple fields。Sun Jimin realized that this naming restricts the research on Heishui City bet365 free bets，Therefore，He synthesized "Dunhuang Studies" and other traditional methods that use the place where the document was found as the naming method，Proposed a more appropriate name "Black City Studies"。This will help attract researchers from more fields to participate in the study of Blackwater City bet365 free bets。

　Leading the research on paper-backed philology of ancient books and official bet365 free bets

There is a Xixia literature "Wenhai Baoyun" among the Heishui City bet365 free bets，Printed on the back of "Military and Political bet365 free bets on the Northwest Frontier of the Song Dynasty"，The "Military and Political bet365 free bets on the Northwestern Border of the Song Dynasty" was thus preserved。Sun Jimin is in the process of studying this batch of bet365 free bets，Started to pay attention to bet365 free bets similar to this，That is, bet365 free bets on the back of official bet365 free bets，Also known as official paper bet365 free bets。

Official bet365 free bets on the back of paper，Including paper copies of official bet365 free bets and transcripts，Also known as official paper copy、Official booklet on paper、paper bet365 free bets, etc.，refers to ancient books printed on the back of paper from abandoned government archives or private letters since the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties。Paper-backed official bet365 free bets from the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties，Reliance on printed books for survival。There was money as early as the Qing Dynasty、Huang Pilie、Li Ciming and other versions、Bibliographers are beginning to pay attention to this type of bet365 free bets，Among them, Ye Dehui from the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China wrote in the book "Shu Lin Qing Hua"，There was also a special section titled "The Back of Official Papers and Various Old Papers Used for Printing Books in the Song, Yuan, and Ming Dynasties" to explain it。But due to various reasons，Although some people have introduced this type of literature since modern times，But there are very few people who actually study this kind of literature。Sun Jimin realizes the academic significance of the contents on the back of this type of document，So we conducted research on this from many aspects。

First，He called on the academic community to pay attention to the research on the contents on the back of such bet365 free bets。He has published "Official Papers: The Last Rich Mine of bet365 free bets handed down from Ancient Times to be Exploited", "The Spread and Preservation of Ancient Paper Official Official bet365 free bets in Modern Times - Also Discussing the Value Comparison of Original bet365 free bets and Secondary bet365 free bets of Official Papers", etc. article，Point out the important value of paper-backed bet365 free bets、Meaning，And the worrying current situation of the preservation of such bet365 free bets，Causing academia、Extensive attention from the library community。

Secondly，He used the collation and research standards of Dunhuang and Turpan bet365 free bets to study paper-backed bet365 free bets，A series of results have been achieved。He took the lead in researching the published paper-backed document "The Lost Slips of the Song Dynasty" in the "Collected Works of Wang Wengong" of the Song Dynasty，Published the book "Compilation and Research of Lost Official Slips and Slips of Shuzhou in the Southern Song Dynasty"，And published several papers such as "The Lost Slips of the Song Dynasty: The Wrong Slips and Their Restoration of the Liquor Tent in the City"。Also，He also comprehensively organized and researched the paper-back bet365 free bets of ancient Ming Dynasty books and official bet365 free bets collected in the Shanghai Library。

Finally，He proposed the construction of "paper-backed philology of ancient books and official bet365 free bets"。With the in-depth research on the bet365 free bets on the back of official bet365 free bets，More and more relevant bet365 free bets at home and abroad are being discovered。To promote the development of this emerging research field，Sun Jimin proposed the construction of "paper-backed philology of ancient books and official bet365 free bets"。He pointed out，The connotation of this type of literature should include "ancient books、Official paper、Four elements of paper backing and literature，And its extension involves "internal paper-backed bet365 free bets、Cover and mounted bet365 free bets、Four types of rubbings and mounting paper bet365 free bets and text lining paper bet365 free bets。Proposal of the name “Paper-backed Philology of Ancient Books and Official bet365 free bets”，And the definition of the connotation and extension of this type of literature，Sources that address this area of ​​research、Form、Features、Content、Basic issues such as nature，Laid the foundation for its future development。In addition，He also proposed the concept of "Taihang Mountain bet365 free bets"，It is also quite agreed with the academic circles。

Sun Jimin started from the study of Dunhuang and Turpan bet365 free bets，Step by step method of studying ancient bet365 free bets，Creatively used in Blackwater City bet365 free bets、Official bet365 free bets of ancient books on paper backs、Taihang Mountain bet365 free bets and many other fields，Promoted the development of research on ancient Chinese bet365 free bets and ancient history，It also provides reference for the study of other ancient bet365 free bets besides Dunhuang bet365 free bets。

(Author’s unit: Qilu Cultural Research Institute of Shandong Normal University)